ABSTRACT
Multidimensional and complex nature of children's behavioral disorders requires assessment and usage of modern treatments. The present study investigated the effects of attachment-based therapy on behavioral disorders [depression, over anxiety and oppositional defiant] in girl students of primary school who had attachment problems. This study is an empirical plan with pretest-posttest and control group. The target samples were 34 individuals of 388 second and fourth grade students of primary school that had highest scores on attachment problems and behavioral disorders [depression, over anxiety and oppositional defiant]. Evaluation implemented using Randolph attachment disorder questionnaire [RADQ] and Ontario mental health test. Mothers were presented in 10 group sessions of attachment-based intervention and its effects investigated in their girl's behavioral disorders [depression, over anxiety and oppositional defiant]. Reduction rate of behavioral disorders general scores [depression, over anxiety and oppositional defiant] of experimental group compared with control group showed significant decreases in posttest and three months follow up. The attachment based therapy offered for mothers of the girls with attachment problems was effective to reduction of behavioral disorders [depression, over anxiety and oppositional defiant] symptoms in their children and the mother's continues attention to interventional methods showed more improvement in follow up evaluation
ABSTRACT
Organic brain pathology usually may be followed by mental disorders. This research was aimed at constructing a predictive model and investigating the risk factors in the incidence of mental disorders after traumatic brain injury [TBI]. Two hundred and thirty eight patients [195 males and 43 females] were entered the study in a descriptive-longitudinal design by non-probable and consecutive sampling method. They were undergone neurosurgical examinations and psychological evaluations. After a 4-month follow-up, 65.1% of the patients [N=155] referred to a psychiatrist in order to determine the nature of mental disorder following TBI, using a structured clinical interview based on DSM-IV diagnostic criteria. 75.48% [117 cases] of patients had a form of mental disorder secondary to TBI. The Results of binary logistic regression analyses for calculating odds ratio [OR] model with 95% confidence interval [CI] indicating the severity of TBI [OR=3.497, 95% CI=1.259-9.712], presence of subcranial injury [OR=2.834, 95% CI=1.022-7.857] and falling level of general compatibility, as measured by modified version of GHQ-28 [OR=1.072, 95% CI=1.035-1.111] indicated an increasing risk in the incidence of mental disorder. Findings revealed that in the development of post-TBI mental disorders, first there was a close relationship with organic brain pathology [TBI severity and subcranial injury], although the role of effective psychological factors such as level of general compatibility after trauma should not be neglected. Also in order to predict the people at risk of mental disorders after TBI, the proposed predictive model in this study can be used
ABSTRACT
Type 2 diabetes is an important risk factor for cognitive decline in diabetic patients. The main goal of this study was the assessment of memory, attention and visuospatial ability dysfunctions in patients with type 2 diabetes in comparison to pre-diabetic patients and normal subjects in Endocrine and Metabolism Center of Isfahan City from April 2011 to July 2011. The sample comprised of 32 patients with type 2 diabetes, 28 pre-diabetic patients and 30 healthy individuals. Memory, attention and visuospatial ability were assessed by Rey Complex Figure Test [RCFT], Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test [PASAT] and sub tests of Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised [WAIS-R]. The pair wise comparisons of cognitive functions among three groups, suggesting a significant difference between diabetic and normal groups in PASAT3². PASAT2[2], RCFT [recall trial] and Symbol coding [P=0.003, P=0.009, P=0.010, and P<0.001, respectively]. But there was no difference in copy trial of RCFT and block design between two groups [P=0.170, P=0.490]. There was significant difference between pre-diabetic group and normal group in recall trial of RCFT [P=0.020], as well as significant difference between diabetes type 2 and pre-diabetic group in symbol coding [P=0.001]. There were significant differences in cognitive functions in patient with type2 diabetes, pre-diabetic patients and normal individuals. Thus monitoring neuropsychological status besides controlling levels of blood sugar in these patients is important
ABSTRACT
This study investigated the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy in obsessive- compulsive disorder. A single case design used in five patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder. Yale Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale, Beck Depression Inventory-II, Beck anxiety Inventory and a processing measure was used for assessment of patients. Results suggested the significant decreases in all measures in post test in five patients and these results maintained at 1-month follow up. Process of treatment and results from this study suggest that Acceptance and Commitment Therapy can be effective intervention for difficult thoughts, feelings, and behaviors seen in OCD.