ABSTRACT
Breast malignancy has fast overtaken ovarian malignancy as the leading cause of death in women. A number of factors attribute to the rise in breast cancer,including obesity, food habits and carcinogen exposure. This article is a review of breast malignancy, and its pathological nature, and highlights the significance of axillary staging as a prognostic factor,and hence the importance of axillary investigation
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Introduction: This study was carried out to study the findings of fine needle aspiration cytology in non-thyroidal neck masses, to study histopathological findings and to determine the frequency of cervical node involvement in malignancy. Materials and methods: This case series was conducted in the Thanjavur Medical College Hospital, Thanjavur on in-patients as well as patients attending the out-patient’s department during the period from November 2017 to October 2018. All histology proven benign, malignant, congenital and inflammatory non-thyroidal neck swelling were included in the study. A thorough clinical examination was carried out and physical findings were recorded in details. The FNAC and histological findings were noted. A Performa was prepared to asses no-thyroidal neck swellings. Results: A total of 100 participants were included in the study Neck swellings especially with tuberculous adenitis and secondaries were more common among the lower socio-economic status. Tuberculous adenitis was the commonest non-thyroidal swellings found in the neck followed by secondary metastatic lymph nodes. Conclusion: FNAC is a simple non-invasive and easy to perform diagnostic method and biopsy is to be avoided until full investigation of the mass is completed.
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Background: Inguinal hernia surgery is the most commonly performed surgery worldwide. Lichtenstein tension free repair using polypropylene mesh is the gold standard procedure for inguinal hernioplasty. Wound infection is the most common complication encountered in an surgical procedure. Antibiotic prophylaxis for open inguinal hernioplasty in minimizing wound infection has been a subject of debate since the beginning of mesh repair. We have conducted a randomized clinical trial in our hospital to analyze the usefulne hernioplasty. Material and methods: 60 patients were included in this prospective randomized control trial. 30 of them received 1 g of Injection Cefataxim half an hour before surgery and remaining 30 received injection Multivitamin infusion. Lichtenstein tension free hernia repair using polypropylene mesh was done. Superficial SSI was diagnosed according to CDC criteria. Results: Totally 5 patients developed SSI (8.33%). Out of the five, (6.67%) were in antibiotic group and remaining 3 (10%) were in placebo group (p = 0.64). Odd’s ratio was 0.6429 (CI=0.0995 to 4.1531). All 5 had only superficial SSI; there was no deep surgical site infection (SSI). 2 patients were managed with dressing alone and remaining 3 with antibotics. After 2 weeks, 2 had wound gapping and at four weeks wound was normal in all patients. 2 out of 5 were above 60 years of age and no SSI occurred >30 years of age (p value = 0.59). Conclusion: Routine use of antibiotics is not necessary in all open inguinal hernioplasty. Antibiotics can be reserved only for patients who are in high risk of SSI. Regularizing the use of antibiotics will have a good cost benefit and decrease the emergence of drug resistant organisms.
Subject(s)
Adenocarcinoma, Follicular/secondary , Aged , Humans , Lip Neoplasms/secondary , Male , Thyroid Neoplasms/pathologyABSTRACT
A 40-year-old male with hematoma of the left ventricular myocardium is described. On echocardiography, the hematoma was initially diagnosed as a cyst-like structure located at the apex and adjoining anterolateral wall of the left ventricle. A contrast-enhanced computerized tomography scan and magnetic resonance imaging further confirmed this lesion to be a hematoma. On follow-up, the hematoma gradually subsided and could not be seen on a repeat echocardiography and computerized tomography scan at four weeks.