ABSTRACT
Background: In one series of studies, we observed the effects of acupuncture treatment (AT) on the autonomic nerve system (ANS). We experimented from various view-points. At last, we discovered a specific pattern for modifying ANS status, which showed that functions of the parasympathetic nerve increased while those of the sympathetic nerve decreased. To further study systematic modification of ANS balance, we focused on the lower body (feet). Moreover, two kinds of stimuli, tapping and vibration, were applied while measuring the value of finger floor distance (FFD) and heart rate (HR). Finally, the effects on ANS were discussed. Methods: Twenty healthy subjects participated in this study, and they were divided into two groups; the tapping group and the vibration group. The former received 50 taps on the feet, and the latter received vibrations for two minutes. In order to indicate ANS status the effects of these stimuli were evaluated by FFD values and a kinetic record of changes in HR. Results: Both groups showed improvement in FFD values, which was the same as the results for AT via modification of ANS. However, changes in HR showed a different pattern from AT; in this study sympathetic nerve) dominantly showed an increase without a decrease in parasympathetic nerve. Discussion and Conclusions: The reasons for differences in ANS modification may be found in the role, especially in an emergency, of the lower body. The lower body is heavy in skeletal muscles, which needs energy and blood to react during acute stress. The ANS, which controls blood distribution, may shift and concentrate system blood from the smooth muscles of the stomach (controlled by parasympathetic nerve) to the skeletal muscles of the legs and feet (controlled by sympathetic nerve). Thus, this study indicated that local stimuli of the foot induced systematic ANS modification.
ABSTRACT
<b>Background:</b> In one series of studies, we observed the effects of acupuncture treatment (AT) on the autonomic nerve system (ANS). We experimented from various view-points. At last, we discovered a specific pattern for modifying ANS status, which showed that functions of the parasympathetic nerve increased while those of the sympathetic nerve decreased. To further study systematic modification of ANS balance, we focused on the lower body (feet). Moreover, two kinds of stimuli, tapping and vibration, were applied while measuring the value of finger floor distance (FFD) and heart rate (HR). Finally, the effects on ANS were discussed.<BR><b>Methods:</b> Twenty healthy subjects participated in this study, and they were divided into two groups; the tapping group and the vibration group. The former received 50 taps on the feet, and the latter received vibrations for two minutes. In order to indicate ANS status the effects of these stimuli were evaluated by FFD values and a kinetic record of changes in HR.<BR><b>Results:</b> Both groups showed improvement in FFD values, which was the same as the results for AT via modification of ANS. However, changes in HR showed a different pattern from AT; in this study sympathetic nerve) dominantly showed an increase without a decrease in parasympathetic nerve.<BR><b>Discussion and Conclusions:</b> The reasons for differences in ANS modification may be found in the role, especially in an emergency, of the lower body. The lower body is heavy in skeletal muscles, which needs energy and blood to react during acute stress. The ANS, which controls blood distribution, may shift and concentrate system blood from the smooth muscles of the stomach (controlled by parasympathetic nerve) to the skeletal muscles of the legs and feet (controlled by sympathetic nerve). Thus, this study indicated that local stimuli of the foot induced systematic ANS modification.
ABSTRACT
Objective: We investigated the effects and the mechanism of the acupuncture. Methods: Nishijo/Mori and colleagues studied the function of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) with the instantaneous heart rate (IHR) as indicator. With the ANS blockers we also revealed the response of ANS when we insert needles to human body. For example, in our study of 1991, we conducted an experimental study on humans and elucidated that the physical stimulation promoted the resilience and the homeostasis of our body. Our recent study (2013) showed the physical stimulation (not acupuncture) on the lower thighs (mainly the bottom of the feet) also enhanced the above mentioned effects. Results and Discussion: 1. The subjects sat on the chairs and they were given the acupuncture stimulation on their wrists (the skin and subcutaneous tissues) at the expiration. The stimulation for the duration of 15 consecutive breaths increased the function of the parasympathetic nerve (PN). At the same time that of the sympathetic nerve (SN) also enhanced. In short, firstly that of PN enhanced and secondly that of SN followed. Thus, it was observed that the physical stimulations promoted the resilience and the homeostasis of our body and we may regard that this is the first mechanisms. 2. In our recent study (2013) the subjects sat on the chairs and there were given the stimulation (50 times of fist-strikes) on the sole of the feet. Immediately after the stimulation the result of Floor Finger Distance test （FFD) was improved. At the same time IHR, the indicator of the function of ANS, showed that those of SN (adrenaline β stimulus) and PN were simultaneously increased as soon as the stimulation started. The same result was obtained from the study of the body vibration (the SOUND healing). This process of 2013 was different from that of 1991, however, both of them provided the effect; the promotion of the resilience and the homeostasis of our body. Therefore, we could regard it as the second mechanism of the physical stimulations which promotes the resilience and the homeostasis of our body. Conclusion: In this way, there are two mechanisms of the physical stimulation in promoting the resilience and the homeostasis of our body.
ABSTRACT
<b>Objective:</b> We investigated the effects and the mechanism of the acupuncture.<BR><b>Methods:</b> Nishijo/Mori and colleagues studied the function of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) with the instantaneous heart rate (IHR) as indicator. With the ANS blockers we also revealed the response of ANS when we insert needles to human body. For example, in our study of 1991, we conducted an experimental study on humans and elucidated that the physical stimulation promoted the resilience and the homeostasis of our body. Our recent study (2013) showed the physical stimulation (not acupuncture) on the lower thighs (mainly the bottom of the feet) also enhanced the above mentioned effects.<BR><b>Results and Discussion:</b> <BR>1. The subjects sat on the chairs and they were given the acupuncture stimulation on their wrists (the skin and subcutaneous tissues) at the expiration. The stimulation for the duration of 15 consecutive breaths increased the function of the parasympathetic nerve (PN). At the same time that of the sympathetic nerve (SN) also enhanced. In short, firstly that of PN enhanced and secondly that of SN followed. Thus, it was observed that the physical stimulations promoted the resilience and the homeostasis of our body and we may regard that this is the first mechanisms.<BR>2. In our recent study (2013) the subjects sat on the chairs and there were given the stimulation (50 times of fist-strikes) on the sole of the feet. Immediately after the stimulation the result of Floor Finger Distance test （FFD) was improved. At the same time IHR, the indicator of the function of ANS, showed that those of SN (adrenaline β stimulus) and PN were simultaneously increased as soon as the stimulation started. The same result was obtained from the study of the body vibration (the SOUND healing). This process of 2013 was different from that of 1991, however, both of them provided the effect; the promotion of the resilience and the homeostasis of our body. Therefore, we could regard it as the second mechanism of the physical stimulations which promotes the resilience and the homeostasis of our body.<BR><b>Conclusion:</b> In this way, there are two mechanisms of the physical stimulation in promoting the resilience and the homeostasis of our body.
ABSTRACT
Acupuncture can be applied directly only on the body surface and thus can directly treat disorders of skeletal muscles near the surface of the body. However, acupuncture cannot be applied directly on internal parts and must be mediated by some kinds of body mechanism to treat internal diseases. Therefore, theories are needed to use the mechanisms of the body to treat internal diseases and disorders related to the autonomic nervous system. The author and his colleagues have organized the theories based on experimental and clinical studies performed over the years.<BR>1. Basic vital reactions to physical stimuli and clinical vital reactions by body mechanisms<BR> Effective physical stimuli arouse vital reactions. The reactions are modified by the mechanisms of the body and arouse clinical reactions.<BR>2. Mechanism of the body I: Postures and sympathetic nerves<BR> A change in posture from lying to standing causes changes of the autonomic nervous system, especially of the sympathetic nerve system. Nerve tension increases quickly upon standing, and the nerves relax when the body lies down. Sympathetic nerves can be stimulated by posture. Standing enhances their functions, and lying relaxes the nerves. Stimulating the autonomic nervous system by a physical stimulus weaker than the threshold value facilitates changing autonomic functions, and the reaction of the autonomic nervous system is determined by posture.<BR>3. Mechanism of the body II: Rhythm of breathing and parasympathetic nerves and the healing power of living bodies<BR> The activity of parasympathetic nerves increases during expiration and decreases during inhalation, showing rhythmic changes. The functions of the autonomic nervous system can be enhanced by synchronizing the biological functions with the parasympathetic nerves, improving various distortions of the body.<BR>4. Mechanism of the body III: Reaction mechanisms of sympathetic nerves to stimuli<BR>1) Reaction of α receptor of sympathetic nerve<BR> Tissue of receiving stimulus: Skin<BR> Reaction: Exacerbation of the α receptor<BR>2) Reaction of β receptor of sympathetic nerve (Mechanism 3:M3)<BR> Tissue of receiving stimulus: Skeletal muscle<BR> Method of applying stimulus: Application of acupuncture to a skeletal muscle to give low-frequency stimuli<BR> Reaction: Somatic and internal organ reflections via centrifugal routes of sympathetic nerves<BR>3) Relaxing reactions of skeletal muscles and blood vessels (Mechanism 2: M2)<BR> Application of acupuncture to a skeletal muscle<BR> Reaction: Reactions of mostly axon refiexes
ABSTRACT
Patients with hemifacial spasm (HFS) sometimes visit acupuncture practitioners for treatment. We can find descriptions of acupuncture procedures and methods for treating facial spasm in textbooks of clinical acupuncture. However, there is almost to literature that presents data on the actual responses of HFS patients to acupuncture. Therefore, we cannot judge satisfactorily whether acupuncture is suitable for treating of HFS at this time.<BR>Six HFS patients (37 to 56 years old) who had not responded to conventional medical treatment were treated with electro-acupuncture therapy (EAT). EAT was applied to facial muscles for twenty minutes once or twice a week.EAT was continued until the patient dropped out or changed treatment. The period of treatment ranged from one month to one year. After a course of weekly treatments, ranging from one week to one month, the frequency and degree of spasms decreased in five of the six patients. No serious adverse events due to the treatments were observed.<BR>It seems that EAT is safe and produces a gentle anticonvulsant effect. Therefore, it is conceivable that EAT could be applicable for HFS. Thus, if the treatment with microvascular decompression or botulinum toxin is contraindicated, EAT may possibly be an alternative.
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In the 1880's, massage therapy was first introduced from Europe. It had been developed by Dr. Albert Reibmayr of Austria. Jiko Nagase, an army surgeon, tried to apply Reibmayr's massage techniques as regular therapy at his hospital. It was the first time that this therapy was used in Japan, but details are not clear, so this paper intends to clarify this therapy's theory and techniques in order to utilize it in clinical practice as a method of physiotherapy.<br>We used a compendium of massage (5th ed. 1893) and “Die Tecknik der Massage” (5<sup>th</sup> ed. 1892), illustrated by Reibmayr, as the basis of our study.<br>(1) Reibmayr's massage techniques were being developed in Europe then because the procedures were described in French and joint movements, “Bewegung, ” came from Germany.<br>(2) Reibmayr classified his massage therapy into four basic procedures (Effleurage, Massage à Friction, Pétrisage, and Tapotement) according to the classification system of Mezger (from Holland).<br>(3) He explained the effects of his massage therapy in combination with joint movements, particularly passive joint movements, based on the exercise method advocated by Ling (from Sweden).<br>(4) He emphasized the massage therapy and mechanical and reflex effects based on physiological research in those days.<br>(5) He found that massage therapy improved the function of the circulatory and nervous systems, and stimulated metabolism as a whole. According to this discovery, he advocated doing neck massage, abdominal massage, and preliminary massage.<br>(6) He recommended the application of his massage therapy to various fields (internal medicine, surgery, obstetrics, gynecology, etc.) as physical therapy. In order to advance the usefulness of current medical massage therapy, it is important to recognize these procedures' effects and to apply them more in clinical practice.
ABSTRACT
An experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of bathing in artificial CO<sub>2</sub> spa water (CO<sub>2</sub> 260ppm, at 38°C for 10 minutes) on the autonomic nervous system of man in comparison with those of bathing in plain water. The heart rate, coefficient of variation of R-R intervals of ECG (CV<sub>RR</sub>), blood pressure, and pulse wave were measured, and dynamic autonomic nervous function tests as described by Nishijo et al. were performed on eight gealthy volunteers (female).<br>The results obtained showed that the heart rate and height of pulse wave increased and blood pressure decreased during bathing both in artificial CO<sub>2</sub> spa water and plain water. However, the systolic blood pressure increased after bathing in plain water but did not increase after bathing in artificial CO<sub>2</sub> spa water. Though CV<sub>RR</sub> decreased during and after bathing in plain water, it did not decrease after bathing in artificial CO<sub>2</sub> spa water. Furthermore, the related degree of sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous functions increased after bathing in artificial CO<sub>2</sub> spa water (as measured after 40 minutes and 50 minutes). These results suggest that bathing in artificial CO<sub>2</sub> spa water can enhance the functions of the autonomic nervous system.
ABSTRACT
[Objective and Design] We have encountered various patients with hypertension who showed a tendency of declining blood pressure after the start of acupuncture therapy based on the traditional theory. This report presents one typical case of hypertension for which there are data on daily measurements of blood pressure for four years and data on lower stable blood pressure for more than one year since the beginning of traditional acupuncture.<BR>[Methods] Acupuncture therapy based on the traditional theory consists of selecting two groups of acupuncture points : one group for general effects contains four points in the extremities according to the pulse examination of the classic “Nan Jing”, and Ren 12 (Zhongwan) and Ren 6 (Qihai) in the abdomen, the other group for symptoms contains eight back Shu points. For acupuncture therapy, silver needles of diameter 180 p m were inserted as far as the muscles.<BR>[Result] It was clearly observed that hypertensive blood pressure of this case was decreased to lower stable levels by traditional acupuncture therapy within three or four weeks after the start of the therapy.<BR>[Conclusion] Especially in the typical case above, as we could not find any factors influencing the change of his hypertensive state such as changes of administered drugs, climate or social environment, it was conceivable that this decrease of blood pressure was caused by the acupuncture.
ABSTRACT
This paper is an effort to identify the benefits of Anma therapy's theory and technique from the ancient literature of Chinese medicine as having significance for modem medical manipulation. Our study is based on “The Yellow Emperor's Manual of Corporeal Medicine; Questions about Living Matter, and the Vital Axis (edited in the Sung Period).” The conclusions drawn from the results are as follows:<br>(1) The name of Anma appears in four parts of the literature. It may be said that there was already a manipulation called Anma in the Han Period.<br>(2) Generally the term ‘an’ means that sensations are sent downwards in the tonic or syndromic direction, while ‘ma’ means that they are sent upwards in the sedative or antidromic direction, According to the previous two books, however, both ‘an’ and ‘ma’ both have upwards and downwards effects.<br>(3) It is clearly indicated that applications of Anma therapy are available for paralysis, feeling of cold, stiffness, etc. These conditions are caused by poor circulation of chi (Chinese) and blood. The effect of Anma therapy is to improve such circulation.<br>(4) Anma therapy was the one original method in the Han Period. In these classical texts, we found that it was highly advantageous to apply other methods with Anma therapy. In order to advance the usefulness of current Anma therapy, it is essential to re-evaluate classical techniques with regard to the fundamental facts and principles of medical science.
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Therapeutic effects of two methods (1) an acupuncture technique using superficial needling applied during exhalation in the sitting position and (2) a low output laser irradiation technique applied during exhalation in the sitting position, were studied using an indicator represented by the distance between the finger tip and floor obtained when a subject bends forward from the standing position.<br>1. The acupuncture technique using superficial needling applied during exhalation in the sitting position significantly improved the distance between the finger tip and floor as compared with that before application (p<0.05).<br>2. The low output laser irradiation technique applied during exhalation in the sitting position improved the distance between the finger tip and floor as compared with that before application (p<0.01). No significant difference in the distance between the finger tip and floor were observed in the non-irradiated group.<br>3. Considering the therapeutic effects from application at various regions of the body, the acupuncture technique improved the distance between the finer tip and floor when it was applied to Waiguan (TE5) (p<0.05) and Zusanli (S36) (p<0.02)
ABSTRACT
The reflex mechanisms of the responses in heart rate elicited by acupuncture stimulation in anesthetized rats were examined. An acupuncture needle measuring 160μmin diameter was inserted into skin and the underlying muscles to the hindlimb to a depth of about 5mm and was twisted once every second for 1min. A decrease in the heart rate was observed in 55% of 22 trials and in 70% of 20 trials when muscles separated from the overlying skin were stimulated. The response was abolished completely by cutting the femoral and sciatic nerves. The response was not influenced by transecting of the bilateral vagi but was totally abolished by transecting of the cardiac sympathetic nerves. Therefore, we conclude that the decrease in heart rate elicited by acupuncture stimulation of a hindlimb is based on a somato-autonomic reflex, in which the afferent pathway is composed of hindlimb muscle afferents and the efferent pathway is composed of cardiac sympathetic nerves.
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The study investigated the influence of acupuncture on synergistic coordination by observing dynamic lumbar electromyographic activity. Left and right lumbar paraspinal (LP) EMG activities were recorded for 30 healthy subjects during a 45-degree trunk flexion-return movement, and the maximum RMS EMG activities (MREA) during this movement were compared between the two sides. Twenty subjects showed less than 20% LP MREA difference (symmetrical subjects-SS) between the left and right side, and 10 subjects showed more than a 20 % difference (asymmetrical subjects-AS). SS were reevaluated after lying on a treatment table in a prone position for 2 minutes and little change was observed in the degree of LP MREA asymmetry (P=0.164). AS were administered acupuncture stimulation on LP muscles. After the stimulation, a significant reduction in LP MREA asymmetry was observed (P=0.049), with a clear increase in symmetry of dynamic EMG activity for 9 of the 10 asymmetrical subjects. No specific pattern of response in LP MREA values was observed in the stimulated side following stimulation. On the non-stimulated side, there was a significant trend toward LP MREA decrease when the baseline value for that side was high (P=0.037), and an increase when it was low (0.0185). The study did not attempt to explore the exact mechanism of LP MIEA asymmetry reduction following acupuncture, however, it suggested that the response occurred as a result of interaction between the central and peripheral nerves which simultaneously caused systemic and local responses. This study indicated that acupuncture stimulation significantly decreased the asymmetrical dynamic EMG activity, suggesting that acupuncture treatment may be a useful method for decreasing functional muscular distortion and improving synergistic coordination.
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With the purpose of clarifying the influence of direct moxibustion on the cell count and proportion of leukocytes in peripheral blood, rabbits and humans were treated with direct moxibustion. The moxa cones were the size of a “rice grain”. In the rabbits 10 moxa cones were distributed among four points which were selected on the low back. Humans were treated with the same method except eight points were chosen on the back and legs. Peripheral blood was collected periodically following each treatment. Leukocyte counts and leukocyte differentials were then measured. Lymphocyte subpopulations were also analyzed with flow cytometry in humans.<br>In rabbits, the mean leukocyte count increased transiently after the treatment in both the moxibustion group and the control group. However, the greatest increase was observed in the moxibustion group. In humans, no change was found in leukocyte counts and leukocyte differentials in the moxibustion group. However, the mean T cell percentage in the moxibustion group decreased 24 hours after the moxibustion treatment. Moreover, the mean CD4/CD8 ratio of the moxibustion group increased 2 hours after the treatment, and decreased 24 hours after the treatment. These changes were statistically significant while no significant change was observed in the control group. No change was found in either rabbits or humans after the 4 weeks of treatment.<br>These results suggest that the immune system will be influenced by moxibustion at least transiently.
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The meta-analytic method including a criteria-based assessment and a uniformly defined effective rate of clinical studies was used to study the clinical effect of acupuncture. This method of analysis can be used for a clinical study including case-series study. A criteria-based assessment may reveal the generality and lack of bias in a clinical study and the uniformly defined effective rate represents the general effectiveness led by the study.<BR>We tried to analyze the clinical effect of acupuncture on migraine headache. As a result of analyzing to 16 reports of acupuncture treatment for migraine headache, the criteria-based assessments were widely distributed from 3 to 17 out of 20 points. In its distribution, the 4 reports designed by the randomized controlled trial scored 13, 16, 16 and 17 points, those of 2 prospective clinical studies scored 10 and 17 points, and those of 10 case-studies all scored less than 13 points.<BR>As for the uniformly defined effective rate (%) in clinical studies, the average of the reports was 77.8% (its 95% confidence interval ranged from 68.2-86.0 %) and was much higher than the placebo effective rate of mock TENS (30-35%).<BR>Considering the result of 4 randomized controlled trials, this meta-analytic result suggests the high efficacy of acupuncture in the treatment of migraine headache.
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A series of cases underwent acupuncture treatment for frozen shoulder at our clinic.<br>1. Twenty-one cases of frozen shoulder were collected.<br>2. Fifteen cases (71%) Showed improvement in pain and activities of daily life (ADL) during the course of acupuncture treatment.<br>3. Temporary relief from pain during motion (67%), pain during rest (44%), and pain during the night (56%) was obtained after acupuncture treatment.<br>4. Patients whose pain was not reduced after treatment tended to drop out.<br>Acupuncture treatment for frozen shoulder was effective for reducing pain, and it is expected to prevent contracture when combined with exercise.
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The purpose of this research paper is to clarify the effect of moxibustion on the protective antibody induced by the Smith strain of <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>. The moxibustion test group of four rabbits and the control group of four rabbits were all immunized subcutaneously with the Smith strain of <i>S. aureus</i>. Sera samples were collected weekly and antibody production was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Compared to the control group, the titer of IgM antibody of the moxibustion group increased significantly (p<0.05). Furthermore, ELISA inhibition tests with Smith surface antigen (SSA, a protective antigen) showed significantly (p<0.05) higher activities of IgM and IgG antibody in the moxibustion group at the 9th week after the first immunization. These results suggest that moxibustion promotes not only production of antibodies against the Smith strain of <i>S. aureus</i>, but also passive protective activity against SSA of <i>S. aureus</i>.
ABSTRACT
Techniques for acupuncture and moxibustion can be expressed by three factors: when, and how to stimulate. This paper offers a clear scientific explanation “how” or the Acupuncture techniques of tonification and sedation that have been passed down.<br>Primary nervous responses to acupuncture can be classified into two specific types: restraining of the functions of the sympathetic nervous system's β-receptor system and accelerating the functions of the parasympathetic nervous system.<br>Respiratory rhythm is closely related to the functions of the parasympathetic nervous system. Changes in the functions of the autonomic nervous system due to changes in posture are related to the sympathetic nervous system.<br>Stimuli to the skin or subcutaneous tissue can induce responses using the parasympathetic nervous system as a centrifugal path, while stimuli to the fascia or muscles can induce responses using the sympathetic nervous system in the same way. It was discovered that to effectively obtain such responses, the parasympathetic nervous system should be stimulated shallowly while the patient is sitting and expiring, whereas the sympathetic nervous system should be stimulated deeply while the patient is supine.
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The effect of acupuncture stimulation on human cardiac functions was studied by radionuclide ventriculography (RV). Heart rate (HR) and blood pressure (BP) were continuously observed in nine healthy men (from 20 to 38 years old; average 26.6±5.8 years old) using a polygraph system (RM-6000, Nihon Kohden Co., Ltd.). Indocyanine green and radioactive isotope (<sup>99m</sup>TcO<sub>4</sub>) were simultaneously injected into these subjects from the cubital vein while they were in a supine position. Images were then acquired and cardiac output (CO) was measured. Before and during the acupuncture stimulation, RV data in synchronization with the R wave of the electrocardiogram were collected within a short time and cardiac functions were measured by data processing with a computer connected to a gamma camera (ZLC-7500, Siemens Co., Ltd.). Acupuncture stimulation using a stainless steel needle was applied by the tapping method to the right Ximén Point (the center of the anterior surface of the forearm).<br>All nine subjects showed a decrease (65.3±7.1% v. s. 57.5±4.8%, P<0.001) in left ventricular ejection fraction (EF) and diffused reduction of the left cardiac wall motion during acupuncture stimulation, suggesting cardiac hypofunction during the stimulation.
ABSTRACT
From our studies it appears that the Yuketsu (Ketsuinyu) and Boketsu (Danchu) of the Shinpo heve a big influence on heart function. In our test, we measured heart rate and performed the dynamic autonomic nervous function test as described by Nishijo et. al., after acupuncture stimulus was given to both points. The measurement schedule was as follows, while stimulus was being given, measurements were taken for a two minute period. After stimulus was given, the samples were made to lie down and rest for three minutes after which measurements were taken for a one minute period in this position. Next the samples were made to stand for three minutes after which measurements were taken in this position. This cycle of lying down, measurement, standing measurement was repeated three times. Differences in the results, before and agter stimulus was given, were compared. In the first measurement after stimulus, there was almost no detectable defference at both the Ketsuinyu and Danchu points, concerning the direction and size of the related degree of the autonomic nervous function.<br>On the third measurement a detectable difference was observed. At the Ketsuinyu point, there was only a small change. But at the Danchu point, a heightened value for the related degree of the autonomic nervous function was observed. It was a large, stable change.