ABSTRACT
Alzheimer′s disease (AD) is a progressive multifactorial neurodegenerative disorder in elder people. Currently, the pathogenesis of AD is unclear, and it is presently incurable. In view of the complex network pathological features of AD, a single small molecule compound that can act simultaneously with multiple targets, called multi-target directed ligands (MTDLs), is considered to be an effective therapeutic strategy at present. Here, we review highlights recent MTDLs approach based cholinesterase inhibitors, antioxidant, metal chelator and neuroprotectant in the novel drug candidate prototypes for the treatment of AD.
ABSTRACT
A global quality control method based on high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled with diode array detection (DAD), single quadrupole mass spectrometry (MS) and time-of-flight mass spectrometry (TOFMS) was developed for simultaneous determination of seven major components (mangiferin, neomangiferin, timosaponin E1, timosaponin E, timosaponin BII, timosaponin BIII, and timosaponin A III) and identification of most components in extracts of Rhizoma Anemarrhenae (RA). HPLC analysis was performed on an Agilent SB-C18 column (4.6 mm X 150 mm, 5 μm) by gradient elution using acetonitrile and water-acetic acid(100:0.05, v/v) as the mobile phase. Seven major components in RA were successfully separated. This quantitative method was fully validated in respect of the following performance criteria, linearity, precision, repeatability, stability, accuracy, limits of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ). A formula database of known compounds in RA was established, against which, most of the reported components in this herbal extract were identified effectively based on the extract masses acquired by TOFMS. This qualitative and quantitative method was successfully used to analyze the components in 10 batches of RA samples collected from different regions in China. This global quality control method, which consisted of HPLC-DAD-MS assay of seven major components and unambiguous identification of nineteen components, is suitable for routine quantification and comprehensive quality control of RA.