Effects of electromagnetic radiation on health and immune function of operators / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effects of electromagnetic radiation on the physiological indices and immune function of operators.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The general conditions and electromagnetic radiation awareness rate of 205 operators under electromagnetic radiation were evaluated using a self-designed questionnaire. Physical examination, electrocardiography, and routine urine test were performed in these operators. Peripheral blood was collected from the operators under electromagnetic radiation for blood cell counting and biochemical testing, and their peripheral blood lymphocytes were cultured for determination of chromosomal aberrant frequency and micronucleus frequency. The data from these operators (exposure group) were compared with those of 95 ordinary individuals (control group).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The chief complaint of giddiness, tiredness, dizziness, and amnesia showed significant differences between the exposure group and control group (P < 0.01), and the difference in headache became larger with an increase in working years. The awareness rate of electromagnetic radiation damage was significantly higher in the exposure group than in the control group. The difference in bradycardia was significant between the two groups (P <0.01), and the incidence was higher with longer working years. Significant differences between the two groups were also found in the numbers of individuals with elevated alanine aminotransferase, total bilirubin, and direct bilirubin (P < 0.01), populations with increased lymphocyte ratio and decreased neutrophil ratio (P < 0.01), populations with positive occult blood, urobilinogen, and bilirubin tests, and the number of individuals with increased micronucleus frequency of cultured peripheral blood lymphocytes (P < 0.01). In addition, the exposure group had significantly increased complement C3 and C4 (P < 0.01), significantly increased IgG (P < 0.05), and significantly decreased IgM (P < 0.01), as compared with the control group.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Electromagnetic radiation may lead to the changes in physiological indices, genetic effects, and immune function and affect the health and immune function in operators. The adverse effects are increased as the working years increase. So it is important to strengthen occupational protection of operators under electromagnetic radiation.</p>

Study on the distribution and risk factors of injuries among home-stranded children in rural area of Anhui province / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective To explore the distribution and risk factors of injuries among home-stranded children and living in rural area of Anhui province and to provide basic information for the development of injury intervention program.Methods 3617 students were recurited from Changfeng county of Anhui province with stratified sampling method and a survey was conducted using questionnaires.Unconditional univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis were performed to evaluate the situation of unintentional injuries among 1614 home-stranded children during the past one year and on its influencing factors.Results The number of home-stranded children accounted for 45.83%of the total number of students with the main type of guardianship was single-parent(55.82%).The incidence of injuries of students was 32.25%.The incidence of injuries of boys(36.43%)was higher than that of girls (27.44%)(χ2=32.340,P=0.000).The incidence of injuries among children was 32.25%but among children away from it was 40.90%,significantly higher than that of children with parents(24.95%)(χ2=101.730,P=0.000).Seven kinds of injures including fall,transportation or animal-related factor for children who were away from their parents,were higher than that of children with parents around.Data from Univariate analysis showed that injuries of children without family around were associated with gender,monthly income,education level of mother,type of guardianship,introversion-extroversion,neuroticism, cohesion, conflict, independence, active-recreational orientation, intellectual-cultural orientation.Results from multivariate analysis indicated that injuries of home-stranded children were associated with gender(OR=0.598),being the only child(OR=1.445),introversion-extroversion (OR=1.062),cohesion(OR=0.933),conflict(OR=1.150),independence(OR=1.110),intellectual-cultural orientation(OR=0.928),active-recreational orientation(OR=1.096)and ability of self-control(OR=0.917).Conclusion Many factors were found to be involved in injuries among children who were away from parents,especially regarding family environment and the individual personality.Special preventive measures should be taken to reduce the incidence of injuries among rural children who were away from their parents.