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Objective To investigate the distribution and antimicrobial resistance profile of clinical gram-negative bacterial isolates in the First Afifliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University during 2014.Methods Bacteria identiifcation was performed by API system or the VITEK-2 Compact automatic identiifcation system. Disk diffusion susceptibility testing or VITEK-2 Compact automatic identification system was used to determine the susceptibility to antimicrobial agents. All data were analyzed using WHONET 5.6 software.Results Among the total 7 931 clinical isolates in 2014, gram-negative bacteria accounted for 64.2% (5 088/7 931). The top three pathogens wereE. coli,A. baumannii andK. pneumoniae. Notably, during the year 2014, 195 strains of carbapenem-resistantEnterobacteriaceaewere isolated, about 6.9% of all theEnterobacteriaceae isolates. Meanwhile, 613 (66.5%) strains of multiple drug resistantA. baumannii and 197 (28.7%) strains of multiple drug resistantP. aeruginosa were isolated.Conclusion During the year 2014, the resistance of the gram-negative bacteria in this hospital is mainly characterized by carbapenem-resistantEnterobacteriaceae, multiple drug resistant A. baumanniiand multiple drug resistantP. aeruginosa. Surveillance of antimicrobial resistance is beneifcial for rational use of antibiotics.
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Objective To investigate the characteristic MRI appearance of neuromyelitis optics (NMO) and muhip]e sclerosis (MS) in the spinal cord.Methods Twenty cases of MS and 23 cases of NMO were examined by MRL All image appearances were analyzed.Results The characteristic MRI appearance of NMO patients in the spinal cord was linear medullary lesion (LML), linear medullospinal lesion (LMSL), linear spinal lesion (LSL) and longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis (LETM), and spinal cord MRI with contiguous T2-weighted signal abnormality extending over 3 or more vertebral segments (23 cases), while in MS, spinal cord MRI with contiguous T2-weighted signal abnormality often extended less than 3 vertebral segments (only 12 cases, χ2 = 19.142, P < 0.01), and the distribution of spinal lesion usually was eccentric (17 cases, compared with NMO group, χ2 = 25.256, P < 0.01).Conclusions NMO is distinct from MS.In MRI, spinal lesion in NMO usually conforms to the distribution of aquaporin 4, while spinal lesion in MS always conforms to the demyelination.NMO has neuroimaging features that move it ever closer to distinct disease status.
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Objective To investigate the changes in brain MRI scan in neuromyelitis optica (NMO).Methods MRI images in 27 cases with NMO were examined in a retrospective study.Results Twenty-two of 27 patients (81.5%) had abnormal brain MRI findings,which were classified as nonspecific (7 cases),atypical (1 case),multiple sclerosis-like (3 cases) and ventricle-aqueduct-syringocoele lesions (11 cases).The lust type is the most common (40.7%).Furthermore,the analysis showed that the number of brain lesions positively correlated with lag time from the onset to the last MRI scan (r=0.475,P=0.025).Conclusions Brain lesions in NMO are diverse,which might result from different pathogenesis.However,ventricle-aqueduct-syringocoele is the most common lesion.Early brain MRI examination of suspected cases is essential.
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Objective To study the effects of Fluvastatin on the expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) induced by C-reactive protein (CRP). MethodsThe HUVECs were primary cultured. HUVECs from third to sixth generations were stimulated with different concentrations CRP and at different times. Then the cells were treated with Fluvastatin in different concentration of 10-7,10-6 and 10-5mol/L. The content of ICAM-1 protein was detected with ELISA, the mRNA expression of ICAM-1 was evaluated by RT-PCR. Results In the control group, HUVECs produce ICAM-1 protein and mRNA in low concentrations. In CRP group, the content of ICAM-1 protein was increased significantly (P