ABSTRACT
Microbiological contamination of blood and blood products is a well-recognised transfusion risk. This study was performed in the blood bank of our oncology centre, with an objective to detect bacterial contamination in our blood products using oxygen consumption as a surrogate marker [Pall Enhanced Bacterial Detection System (eBDS)]. Results revealed that the percentages of failed units were 1.16% for random donor platelets (RDP), 0.81% for single donor platelets (SDP) and 2.94% for packed red blood cells (PRBCs), of which one RDP and one SDP grew coagulase-negative staphylococcus, while one PRBC culture grew Gram-positive bacilli.
Subject(s)
Bacteremia/prevention & control , Bacteriological Techniques/methods , Biomarkers , Blood/microbiology , Blood Transfusion/adverse effects , Drug Contamination , Humans , Neoplasms/therapy , Oxygen/metabolismABSTRACT
A comparative study of in vitro activity of amikacin, gentamicin, netilmicin, tobramycin and isepamicin was done. A total of 200 clinical isolates of Gram negative organisms from various clinical sources were tested. E.Coli was the most frequently isolated organism followed by Pseudomonas spp., Klebsiella spp., Proteus spp., Acinetobacter spp. and Enterobacter spp. Of the 5 aminoglycosides tested, isepamicin showed the highest numbers of susceptible isolates followed by amikacin, netilmicin, gentamicin and tobramycin. MIC 90 value of isepamicin was lower as compared to amikacin.
Subject(s)
Acinetobacter/drug effects , Amikacin/pharmacology , Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology , Drug Resistance, Microbial , Enterobacter/drug effects , Gentamicins/pharmacology , Klebsiella/drug effects , Microbial Sensitivity Tests , Neoplasms/microbiology , Netilmicin/pharmacology , Proteus/drug effects , Pseudomonas aeruginosa/drug effects , Tobramycin/pharmacologyABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE:To investigate changes in nutritional status and morbidity over time among pre-school slum children. DESIGN: Longitudinal. METHODS: Children in the age group of 0-5 years from three slums in Pune (n = 845) were studied for a period of two years. Measurement of weight (up to 20 g) and height (up to 0.1 cm), morbidity (in last 7 days) and clinical assessment was undertaken once every four months. RESULTS: Peak prevalence of malnutrition was observed around 18 months and shorter period (3.5 months) of exclusive breastfeeding was probably responsible. Morbidity was generally higher in rainy season and was associated with wasting but not stunting. Gastrointestinal illness and fever contributed 50% of total morbidity days. Higher morbidity affected significantly growth velocities in weight throughout pre-school age. Height velocities were significantly low upto three years of age but there appeared no scope for catch-up growth as velocities remained similar thereafter. Higher morbidity in younger children (less than 2 years) led to deterioration of nutritional status over time in 30% to 50% children. CONCLUSION: Shorter period of exclusive breastfeeding results in undernutrition at an early age among slum children. Morbidity further deteriorates the nutritional status
Subject(s)
Anthropometry , Breast Feeding , Child Nutrition Disorders/complications , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , India/epidemiology , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Longitudinal Studies , Male , Morbidity , Nutritional Status , Poverty Areas , Prevalence , SeasonsABSTRACT
Mixed opportunistic infection with Pneumocystis carinii and Candida prior to cytotoxic therapy in a young male diagnosed as having acute non-lymphoblastic leukaemia resulted in early catastrophe. The role of awareness of this complication and its prompt management is discussed.