Detection and application of bcl-2/IgH gene translocation and immunoglobulin gene rearrangement in follicular lymphoma / 中华病理学杂志

Objective@#To evaluate the application of FISH testing of bcl-2/IgH gene translocation and IgH/L gene rearrangement in different stages of follicular lymphoma.@*Methods@#In 32 follicular lymphoma cases, which were collected at Guangdong General Hospital from September 2014 to December 2016, the bcl-2/IgH gene ectopic state was detected by FISH while the IgH/L gene rearrangement was tested using PCR-GeneScan to analyze the relationship between bcl-2/IgH gene translocation, different stages of follicular lymphoma and clonal immunoglobulin (IgH/L) gene rearrangements.@*Results@#From the paraffin sections of all 32 follicular lymphomas, 17 cases showed bcl-2/IgH gene translocation, and the percentages of FL1, FL2 and FL3 translocation were 12/13, 3/5 and 2/14, respectively. Among the 24 cases of IgH/L gene arrangements identified from the total sample, the occurrence rates of FL1, FL2 and FL3 gene arrangement were 7/13, 4/5 and 13/14, respectively. Spearman′s rank correlation analysis and χ2 analysis showed that bcl-2/IgH gene translocation was negatively correlated with follicular lymphoma stage and the association was statistically significant. In more advanced stages of follicular lymphoma, the occurrence of bcl-2/IgH gene translocation tended to decrease with distinct FL1, FL2 and Fl3 gene expression (P<0.05). As IgH/L gene rearrangement in FL3 was higher than that in FL1 and FL2, its detection may be complimentary to FISH test for bcl-2/IgH gene translocation in diagnosing follicular lymphoma.@*Conclusions@#The combined use of FISH and PCR-GeneScan increases the positive rate of follicular lymphoma diagnosis, and this combination is more sensitive than FISH or clonal analysis only to detect the chromosomal abnormality or the gene rearrangement.

Detection of KRAS,NRAS and BRAF gene mutations in colorectal carcinoma / 中华病理学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate mutations frequencies of KRAS,NRAS and BRAF genes in colorectal carcinoma.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Tissue specimens from 200 colorectal cancer patients at diagnosis were collected and subject to KRAS,NRAS and BRAF mutation analyses by PCR-based direct DNA sequencing targeting exons 2, 3 and 4 of KRAS gene, exons 2, 3 and 4 of NRAS gene and exon 15 of BRAF gene.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Activating mutations were detected in KRAS (44%, 88/200), NRAS (2%, 4/200) and BRAF (5%, 10/200) in this study cohort.Among KRAS mutations, 64.8% (57/88) occurred in codon 12 and 12.5% (11/88) occurred in codon 13. KRAS gene mutation in exon 3 mainly involved codons 59 and 61. KRAS gene mutation in exon 4 mainly involved codons 117 and 146.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Mutations at exon 2 of KRAS gene have the highest frequency in colorectal carcinoma. Expanding the detection sites of KRAS gene combined with NRAS and BRAF genes may help to identify patients who will most likely benefit from targeted therapies.</p>

Design of a Special Shaped Foam Dressing Based on Anatomy / 中国医疗器械杂志

As the dressings currently used in clinic settings unflat shape in general, they can't be fitted completely on occiput, heel, elbow, knee and other body parts unflat. This paper developed one kind of foam dressing of special shape based on local anatomy. The foam dressing is waterproof and air permeable, it can cover the wound closely enough to prevent bacteria from invasion and infection. With a saturated absorption ratio of 1: 8 or higher, it can keep the wound clean and moisture by absorbing large amounts of wound inflammatory secretions and is almost completely permeable to oxygen and carbon dioxide. Assuring safety and effect meanwhile, it has better outcomes than common dressings in the same application settings.

Evaluation of the value of 7th editions of UICC-AJCC esophageal and gastric cancer TNM staging systems for prognostic prediction of adenocarcinoma of esophagogastric junction (Siewert type II) / 中华肿瘤杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To compare the value of applicability of the 7th edition of UICC-AJCC esophageal and gastric cancer TNM staging system in the prognostic prediction of adenocarcinoma of esophagogastric junction (EGJ).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>During June 1, 2007 through Dec. 31, 2010, a total of 199 patients with adenocarcinoma of esophagogastric junction (Siewert type II) underwent R0-intent resection from June 1, 2007 to Dec 31, 2010 in our hospital. Their clinicopathological and survival data were retrospectively analyzed with Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression models. They were restaged according to the 7th edition of UICC/AJCC TNM stage systems for esophageal adenocarcinoma and gastric cancer, respectively. Then the likelihood ratio chi-square test related to the Cox regression model and Akaike information criterion (AIC) were used for measuring goodness of fit for both staging systems.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>199 patients with Siewert type II esophagogastric junction adenocarcinoma were identified in this study. Out of them, there were 162 males and 37 females. Their age range was from 38 to 79 years, with a median age of 62 years. 176 cases underwent transthoracic surgery, and other 23 cases underwent transabdominal surgery. TNM-EC and TNM-GC classified 4 patients to stage T1, 39 to T2, 139 to T3, and 17 to T4a, respectively, and classified 76 patients to stage N0, 58 to N1, 49 to N2, 16 to N3, respectively. The median follow-up period was 30 months. The 1-, 3-, and 5-year survival rates were 95.0%, 52.7% and 39.2%, respectively. Univariate analysis indicated that age at surgery (P = 0.009), surgical approach (P = 0.002), cell differentiation (P = 0.030), preoperative co-morbidity implications (P = 0.026), depth of tumor invasion (P < 0.001) and number of metastatic lymph nodes (P < 0.001) were significantly influencing factors of postoperative overall survival. Multivariate analysis showed that the independent prognostic factors for adenocarcinoma of esophagogastric junction were only T stage, N stage and preoperative co-morbidity and morbidities according to the 7th edition of esophageal cancer or gastric cancer TNM staging systems. The AIC value was 961.4 for the 7th edition of esophageal adenocarcinoma caner staging system, and 965.7 for the 7th edition of gastric cancer staging system.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The UICC/AJCC 7th edition of esophageal adenocarcinoma cancer TNM classification staging system is superior to the 7th edition of gastric cancer TNM staging system for adenocarcinoma of esophagogastric junction.</p>

Effects of Guizhi Fuling Capsule on prostatic hyperplasia in experimental rats / 中草药

Object To observe the effect of Guizhi Fuling Capsule (GFC) on prostatic hyperplasia in rats induced by testosterone propionate. Methods Seven days after the male rats were castrated, testosterone propionate (3 mg/kg) was sc injected in rats. Meanwhile, the rats were administered GFC (2.16, 1.08, 0.54 g/kg) once a day, and the treatment continued for 30 d. An hour after the final administration, the rats were put to death, and the weight and volume of prostates were measured. The construction of prostate cells was also observed under light microscope. Results In the GFC group, the weight and volume of prostate was significantly decreased compared with that in the model group (P

Effects of serum-drug of Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae and Fructus Crataegi extracts on cholesterol metabolism / 中草药

Objective To study the mechanism of blood-lipid regulation of the effective fractions from the extracts of Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae(RSM)or Fructus Crataegi(FC),as well as their interaction.Methods The serum-drug of RSM and FC extracts were prepared by orthogonal design L_16(215).Amphotercin B cell model and RT-PCR method were used to examine the effects of the serum-drug of RSM and FC extracts on endogenous cholesterol biosynthesis in Chinese hamster ovary(CHO)cells and the expressions of cholesterol 7?-hydroxylase(CYP7A)mRNA in BRL cells.Results Ethanol(75%)and ammonia extracts of RSM obviously increased the absorbance(A)in the experiment of amphotercin B cell model and the expression of CYP7A mRNA in BRL cell line.The extracts of FC had no direct effect on cholesterol metabolism by themselves,but they were in synergism with the extracts of RSM.ConclusionThe extracts of RSM have a blood-lipid regulation by inhibiting endogenous cholesterol biosynthesis and increasing CYP7A mRNA expression,and maybe have a better effect when the extracts of FC are used together.