[Family experiences from caregivering of patient with coronary artery bypass graft surgery: a qualitative study]

Cardiovascular disease is one of the important mortality causes in developed country of the world and so in Iran. Coronary Artery bypass graft surgery as a lifesaving intervention in cardiac patients may presents a number of challenges for patients and theire family caregivers. Little is known about the experience of caring for this patients. The purpose of this study was to describe the lived experiences of family caregivers of coronary artery bypass graft. This is a qualitative study with phenomenology method. Using phenomenological methods, 14 family caregiver were interviewed at clinic or home during one year post discharge period. Five them emerge from participant experiences encompass; pressure of role, exposure to tension, resistance against vulnerability, functioning, and need. The research finding showed that the patient,s family faced with many stressor agents duration their caregivering period that this stress agents provoke somatic and mental reaction. Inappropriate interaction of medical team exacerbated this problems. In other hand, the devout belives, appropriate information and provided needs had important effect on protect them. Having a appropriate communication with patients and family caregivers should hold in nursing plans

[Attitude change toward child abuse after educating behavioral intention model to mothers referred to Falavarjan health homes in 2007-2008]

Parents' attitude toward parenting styles is one of the factors that affect how they treat their children. Through enhancing the knowledge, educational interventions can moderate such attitudes. Studying new health educational models is essential for improving the traditional ones. The purpose of this study was to assess mothers' attitude toward child abuse before and after educating the behavioral intention model. This was a quasi-experimental single group before and after study. The sample consisted of 45 mothers with a child abusive attitude randomly selected among the referees to one of the Falavarjan health homes. The Adult-Adolescent Parenting Inventory [AAPI] questionnaire was used to assess their attitude toward parenting style. Data was analyzed using t-paired test via SPSS soft ware. Comparison of pretest and post test scores using paired samples t test indicated statistically significant improvement in attitudes whole mean scores [p < 0.001]. The findings indicate that educating parents may change their attitude toward proper parenting style. Such educations may result in better parenting behaviors and fewer instances of child abuse and neglect

Prenatal attitudes of female students toward child-parent interactional behavior

Bringing up children is one of the most complicated responsibilities an adult experience in his/her life. However, most people are not completely prepared to be a parent. Current study was carried out to analyze the attitude of participants toward becoming parent. This is a descriptive study in which questionnaire 1-1-PI which is consisted of 32 items was used. Sampling method was stratified random sampling. 400 questionnaires were distributed among participants and the data was analyzed using descriptive statistical methods. Findings demonstrated that 116 cases [31 percents] scored 0-64 and 63 cases [17 percents] scored 65- 95 and 192 cases [52 percents] scored 97- 160. These scores were respectively considered positive, neutral and negative overall attitude toward parenting. Some parents considerably lack fundamental parenthood skills. They are unaware of their children's needs, capabilities and potentials. A solution could be planning to improve [future] parents' awareness of children's development

Structural and process standards in emergency ward of the selected Hospital of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences

As the nurses working in emergency ward are the first group who make early interventions to save critical patients, this is considered as a need for them to get enough knowledge and skills in this field. On the other hand, standards show nurses to the appropriate level of care quality [the meaning of sentence is not clear]. Ignoring structural and process standards can result in personnel dysfunction and their low nursing services. This study has tried to define the mean obedience of structural and process standards such as physical environment, facilities and manpower as well as process standards like patient care in an emergency ward of a selected hospital of Isfahan university of medical science. This was a descriptive cross-sectional study carried out in a selected hospital of Isfahan university of medical science. First, a checklist for physical environment, facilities and manpower was designed and the data were collected from the emergency ward personnel [nurses and nurse aids] working in the ward through direct and indirect methods. Then, the collected data were analyzed by descriptive statistics after being classified. The findings of the study showed the ward had obedience level of 83.8% for physical environment, 75% for facilities and equipments and 64.5% for manpower. About 46% of the personnel had excellent efficacy and 32.9% had low to moderate efficacy. According to the results, we have good manpower programs; efficient records control tools and adequate facilities. Meanwhile, strategies of motivation and job satisfaction enhancement which need a board attitude should not be ignored but considered as well

Social health needs in high school female students: phenomenological study

In countries like Iran in that most of the population consists of young people, designing and implementing comprehensive health programs targeted at young people must become a priority in national programs. More than half of high school students in Isfahan are female. Because of their more vulnerability, and their role in health of future generations, it is essential for health community to be aware of what they are experiencing about their health needs, and based on this awareness, designing and implementing accurate programs should be done in order to improve their health. This study was carried out with the aim to describe experienced health needs of female high school students. A phenomenological qualitative approach was used with participants chosen amongst the female high school students from five districts of Ministry of Education - in Isfahan. Purposeful sampling was adopted in the study and sample size was composed of a total of 15 participants selected and went until data saturation. Deep interviews were used through Straubert method. From the findings of the interviews, 77 codes expressing participants' experiences were emerged. At the end these codes were categorized in 3 themes. As 1] school and school performance 2] social security 3] interactions with opposite sex. Social interactions are crucial during adolescence and have great impact on students' health. In fact, female adolescents express and define their health according to their interactions and communications with the environment

Quality of patients' cares in the recovery wards of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences

Each member of society needs suitable services in recovery wards including patient safety in the ward, improvement and taking care of patients after surgery and anesthesia in order to decrease undesirable evidences, mortality and morbidity. The special characteristic of recovery cares is nursing cares. The nurse is one of the effective members of a health group and her/his effective role in admitting, preparing, caring, and physical, moral and social supports of patient is accepted by all experts of medical sciences. The aim of the present study was to determine standards observance in the recovery wards of the treatment centers of Isfahan University of Medical sciences [IUMS] in 2003. This was a descriptive study with easy sampling. The quality of cares given by personnel of recovery wards after anesthesia was determined by using questionnaire and checklist. Obtained data was analyzed by SPSS software. This study showed that in the recovery ward, most of the cases were managed near the standard status. Based on the criteria of patient discharge from recovery wards, the results demonstrated that nurses observed the criteria in most of the cases; only in reporting description of events during and after operation, 68.8% were substandard. Since the side effects of anesthesia may appear during the transfer of patient to the recovery room, in recovery room or even after transferring to the ward, so a codified recovery room care plan and professional and skilled personnel who have the ability to observe standards in recovery room can be effective in prevention and treatment of these side effects

[Family experiences of females' high school students: a phenomenological study]

With the aim to recognize the identity of relationship and communication with family as a reality experienced by large amount of young population in country, this research was carried out to describe females high school students on their family experiences. A phenomenological qualitative approach was used in year 2005 in Isfahan. A sample was chosen based on purposeful sampling method amongst females' high school students. Sample size was dependent on the data saturation with a total 15 participants at the end. Data gathering was done using deep interviews, then data were analyzed through Straubert method. From the lived experiences of female adolescents, sixty five codes, three sub concepts and two core concepts were emerged. The two core concepts were emotional support [intimacy] in family and reactions in family. In spite of the vital role of families in adolescents' life, they are not experiencing useful interactions with their families. This study expresses the importance of educating families according to the needs and characteristics of adolescence period

Parental attitude of female students on child-parent behavior in Flavarjan

Bringing up the children is the most difficult duty of parents. Most of people however, are not ready to act as parents. This study is a descriptive study in which [AAPI] questionnaire including 32 questions was used. It is based on getting stratified samples and it distributes 400 questionnaires. The whole analyzed data showed that 116 subjects [31%] had scores of [0-64] showing negative attitude, 192 subjects [52%] had scores of [97-160] showing a positive attitude and 63 subjects [17%] had scores of [65-96] showing a neutral attitude. It was also shown that a percent of studied cases had a negative attitude [having a negative attitude to some extend in each field]. The findings regarding all research goals showed that the attitude of not using punishment was 20% negative, 69% positive and 11% neutral. About empathy, it was 40% negative, 41% positive and 22% neutral. Some parents are not aware of parenting skills and furthermore, they don't know the factors of the emotional growth, which are a necessity for a child. The prevention plan should be based on causing an increase in parents' knowledge [or future parents' knowledge] on children's growth and development

[ comparative study on pregnancy and delivery complications in patients involved and not involved in polycystic ovary disease [PCOD]]

Polycystic ovary syndrome [PCOS] is one of the most prevalent endocrine disorders in reproductive age and is also considered as the most popular cause of infertility due to lack of ovary release. On the other hand, present condition of high expenses of infertility treatment and midwifery science slogan as "deliver a healthy infant to a healthy mother" all reflect the necessity to take care of these patients and to check their pregnancy stages precisely. This study aimed to investigate the pregnancy complications among patients with polycystic ovary syndrome. This was an analytic prospective cohort study. The population studied comprised all Iranian nullipars women with pregnancy of one quite healthy fetus. They were divided into two groups including 47 subjects with PCOS and 100 subjects with no PCOS. Pregnancy and delivery complications such as pregnancy sweat, diabetes, eclampsy and early delivery were recorded. The data were collected through interview and analyzed by descriptive inferential statistics through SPSS . The findings of the study showed that the rates of abnormalities in screening tests of diabetes, pregnancy diabetes and eclampsy in pregnant women with PCOS were more than those in controls but there was no significant difference between the two groups in early delivery. Since obesity seems to be the major cause of diabetes and eclampsy in patients with PCOS, these patients need critical care during pregnancy and screen them properly for diabetes and eclampsy

[ survey on standards performance in recovery units]

Introduction: Society needs a good service for recovery, security, and improvement of care which reduces sudden events and mortality after surgery and anesthesia. The main factor after anesthesia is nursing care and recovery in a critical care unit. Observations show that patients in a recovery room are not less at risk than in operating room. However, the responsible persons for patients in an operating room are 5 to 10 times less then the ones in a recovery room. A few minutes after operation, a lot of responsibilities are given to just one person. The recovery nurse, in addition to nursing care, should be wise and know completely about the effects of anesthesia in the current situation, or complications in the field of treatment and surgery. A nurse as a Key member of health group with a valuable role is respected by great medical experts in admission, preparation, care and physical emotional and social support of the patients. Of course, a nurse should keep her knowledge high in presenting the correct ways of nursing care

Methods: This study is a descriptive study describing the present conditions and the way of performing care and comparing them with standards in post anesthesia care units. The variables in study include admission, care and discharging the patients who were operated under general anesthesia. Sampling method was convenient sampling and the data were collected through checklists and questionnaires. The data analysis was made by descriptive statistics and SPSS software

Results: Regarding patient's admission recovery wards, the findings showed the care, close to standard in most cases. Regarding discharge criteria in recovery ward, the results of this research showed that, nurses mostly consider the criteria of discharging and only 68.8% of operation reports were nonstandard

Discussion: Since complications of anesthesia may occur during the patient's transferring from surgery room to recovery, in the recovery unit and even within being transferred to the ward, availability of a regular care program as well as skillful personnel with high capability of complications treatment are recommended