ABSTRACT
Stray dogs are considered as an important health problem in societies because they can carry dangerous diseases such as hydatidosis, toxocariasis and coenurus cerebralis to humans and animals. Therefore, the study of helminthes infections in all parts of Iran for evaluation of infection state, and provision of the infection control programs is essential. The aim of this study, was to determine the prevalence of parasitic cestodes in stray dogs around Ilam city. In this study, 65 stray dogs were killed by shooting with the municipality officers and were dissected considering health rules. After laparotomy, internal organs are inspected, and bowels completely collected in separate containers containing 10% formaldehyde. Transferring the samples to the parasitological laboratory, the bowels were cut using forceps, and its contents passed through the sieve, and the worms were separated. Azo carmine and carminic acid staining was used for diagnosis of isolated cestodes. The number of 65 dogs, 54 dogs [83%] had at least one species of cestodes; that 32% [21 dogs] infected by Taenia ovis, 9% [6 dogs] by Echinococcus granulosus, 15.4% [10 dogs] by Taenia hydatigena, 20% [13 dogs] by Taenia multiceps, 18.5 /% [12 dogs] by Dipylidium caninum and 10.8% [7 dogs] by Mesocestoides lineatus. In this study, it was shown that helminthic rate in stray dogs is very high around Ilam. These parasites are important in terms of health and economic aspects. Therefore, it is more essential that we note to parasitic infections, to develop control programs
ABSTRACT
Objectives: To determine the effects of Meperidine [Pethedine] on pain intensity, clinical findings, final diagnosis and management of patients with acute abdominal pain
Methods: This was a randomized clinical trial including 100 patients, with lower abdominal pain lasting for less than 48 hours who were referred to the emergency department of Imam Khomeini hospital affiliated with Ham University of Medical Sciences, over a period of 1 1 months. Hemodynamically unstable patients were not included in the study. The baseline pain severity was measured using a visual analogue scale [ VAS]. Patients were randomly assigned to receive 25 mg of intramuscular Meperidine [Pethedine] [n=50] or 5 mL of intravenous normal saline as placebo intravenously [n=50]. After 1-hour the patients were then re-examined and the pain severity was re-assessed and the clinical diagnosis was recorded
Results: There was no significant difference between two study groups regarding the baseline characteristics. The mean pain score on arrival was comparable between groups [6.80 +/-1.6 vs. 6.81 +/-1.2; p-0.956]. The abdominal tenderness was not affected in Meperidine group. Rebound tenderness disappeared in 4% of thej Meperidine group and in 2% of the placebo group. Nausea was decreased in 14% of the Meperidine group! and 32% of the placebo group. Changes in the clinical pattern and diagnostic peritoneal signs in patients were negligible and did not significantly interfere with the diagnosis [p=0.133]
Diagnostic accuracy was 96% in the! Meperidine group and 98% in placebo group, which was not significantly different [p=0.554]
Conclusion: Administration of Meperidine reduces pain intensity in patients with acute abdominal pain without interference with the clinical diagnosis. Thus analgesics could be safely administered to the patients acute abdominal pain for increase