Imaging of postoperative cosmetic breast surgery

Background: cosmetic breast procedures, as well as implants, are increasingly being performed and many women who had undergone cosmetic operation present for mammographic screening. There are three general categories of cosmetic surgery performed on the breast including breast augmentaion, breast reduction and breast reconstruction. A wide variety of breast implants which being used in most of augmentation surgeries are available on the market and are broadly categorized by lumen number, filler type, and surface contour

Aim of the work: this study aimed to illustrate the role of different imaging modalities in postoperative cosmetic breast surgery

Results: MRI is the modality of choice for evaluation of silicone breast implant integrity. MRI is not recommended as a screening modality for implant rupture in asymptomatic women with breast implants

Conclusion: Since the number of cosmetic breast surgeries is increased with increased number of patients present for assessing the operation as example; implant integrity; a radiologist should be familiar with the spectrum of appearances of the complications. The imaging appearances of the cosmetic breast as common breast implants and their complications using different radiological modalities as mammogram, ultrasound and MRI are varied

Recommendations: In symptomatic patients, after an initial evaluation with mammography and USG, non contrast MRI is recommended to rule out the diagnosis of rupture. Dynamic contrast enhanced MRI could be indicated in patients with breast reconstruction surgeries after mastectomy for breast cancer or in breast implant patients with suspicious masses

Evaluation of coronary artery disease among population with fatty liver disease using multi-slice computed tomography

Background: Fatty liver disease [FLD] is a common disorder with an increasing prevalence. It is considered to be an important syndrome associated with several cardiovascular risk factors and to be a component of metabolic syndrome. Several studies found significant association of fatty liver and coronary artery disease [CAD]

Aim of the Work: was to evaluate the presence and the severity of coronary artery disease among FLD population and to evaluate the association of FLD and CAD using Multi-Slice Computed Tomography [MSCT] and the possibility of considering FLD as a predictor for CAD

Patients and Methods: The study was conducted in Radiological Department of Ain-Shams Hospital and other private centers. It focused on evaluating 30 patients, who were referred to perform CT coronary angiography. These patients were examined in the period between 1[st] of Oct. 2017 and 1[st] of Apr. 2018. The target sample was patients with fatty liver who underwent CT coronary angiography for recent chest pain. Fatty liver was diagnosed using non-contrast CT when calculated attenuation value of the liver is less than spleen by 10 UH. The coronary arteries were assessed using CT angiography, significant CAD was defined as a stenosis of more than 50% in at least one major coronary artery

Results: fatty liver developed coronary atherosclerosis were 17 [56.7%] and this was statistically significant P= 0.017. Patients with fatty liver developed significant CAD were 9 [30.0%] and this was statistically insignificant P=0.266

Conclusion: Fatty liver disease may be considered as a predictor for coronary atherosclerosis and based on this, more individuals from the general population with subclinical CAD could be detected at earlier stages when fatty liver is identified. Presence of fatty liver may help in cardiovascular risk stratification and assessment

Recommendations: It will be worthwhile to study whether improving FLD will ultimately prevent the development of CAD

Designing Evidence-Based Counseling for Family Planning and Nutrition Programs in Dhamar, Yemen.

Objectives: To address the main causes of malnutrition (high fertility, illness, and inadequate nutrition), implementation research was conducted in two districts of Dhamar, Yemen, to design an integrated counseling package to improve family planning by couples and consumption of micronutrient-rich foods by mothers and children younger than two years of age. Methods: Trials of Improved Practices (TIPs) methodology determined maternal, infant and young child nutrition and family planning (MIYCN-FP) practices. Mothers were asked to try new MIYCN practices over a two-week period to determine the barriers to continued use. Couples were asked to try a new FP practice, also over the same period. A total of 88 mothers and husbands participated in the study along with 12 key informants who were asked about their knowledge and perceptions of MIYCN-FP practices. Results: FP use and consumption of micronutrient-rich foods by both mothers and children was limited. The majority of mothers and couples tried a new MIYCN and FP practice and were positive about the practice they tried. For example, a few couples were motivated to use FP because it saved money to have fewer children. Mothers could introduce micronutrient-rich foods earlier but mentioned that a few foods, such as meat, were too expensive to buy daily. Conclusions: In rural communities of Yemen, where rates of malnutrition are high and family planning use is limited, families can improve their use of optimal practices, if given the information about these practices and the support to use them.