The Association of Relative Risk of High Risk HPV with Cervical Abnormalities in Bahrain.

Background: Th e study was conducted to see the association of cervical abnormalities in relation to high risk Human Papilloma Virus (HR-HPV) infection at King Hamad University Hospital, Bahrain. Materials and Methods: It was a retrospective cohort study completed in 3 years at King Hamad University Hospital, Department Pathology Lab and other private Hospitals of Bahrain. Patients of Obstetrics and Gynecology out patient’s clinic and other requesting private hospitals were included in this study.A non-probability purposive sampling technique was used for this retrospective review of 160pathology reports and HPV cervista reports. Data was collected from I-Seha and patients Al-care, and was transferred and assessed SPSS-version 22. Results: Th ere were 160 cases in total, who were examined for HPV–HR DNA using Cervista molecular testing. Th ere were 73 cases were Positive for HPV and 87 cases negative for HPV. Th e minimum age of patiesnt's was 20 years while the max was 70 years. Th e mean age was 42.5 years. HR-HPV was detected in (100%) all cervical HSIL cases and in 71% of LSIL cases. Cervical intraepithelial lesion CIN2/3+ was signifi cantly associated with HR-HPV positive cases. Compared to HPV positive cases, here was no cervical intraepithelial lesion (CIN) of any grade found in HR_HPV negative cases. Th ere were only four cases with LSIL found to be R-HPV positive, which may be associated with Low-risk HPV infection. Conclusion: Th ere was strongest association of cervical neoplastic lesions with high risk HPV to control.

Effects of angulated and non-angulated mini-implants abutment supporting mandibular overdenture on peri-implant bone height

Background: Mini-implants have been successfully used when there is a little bone to support complete dentures, using of mini-implants abutment is the key solution for stable and retentive overdentures

Objective: To compare peri-implant bone height post angulated or non-angulated mini-implants insertion

Design: A Randomized Two-Arm Parallel Study

Setting: Faculty of Dentistry, Al-Azhar University-Assiut Branch, Egypt

Method: The study was performed from October 2012 to December 2014. Twenty patients were included in the study based on two criteria [1] free from any systemic diseases and [2] their lower flat ridges resorbed with ill-fitted lower dentures. The patients were divided into two groups. The first group received lower overdenture with non-angulated abutment while the second group received lower overdenture with angulated abutment. The bone height for each subject was evaluated with panoramic X-ray after 6,12,18 and 24 months. The data were analyzed using SPSS program

Result: Twenty edentulous patients participated in this study. They were homogenous in their personal characteristics. Their education levels varied between primary and secondary levels. Insignificant differences in age, education level and gender were found [p > 0.05]

The differences between the two groups were highly significant. Mean bone height was found to be significantly higher in Group 1 than in Group 2 [p = 0.03]. The paired sample t-test showed a significant improvement in bone height in the non-angulated group [p = 0.03] and insignificant increase in the angulated group [p = 0.14]

Conclusion: Lower overdenture mini-implant with non-angulated abutment is better for edentulous patients compared to angulated abutment in term of bone height

Angiolipofibroma of the right colon: a rare type of submucosal polyp

Colorectal hamartomatous polyps originating from the submucosa represent a very small percentage of all colonic polyps. Mesenchymal hamartomatous polyps are formed by more than one type of mesenchymal tissue. We report the pathological findings of an unusual presentation of a polypoid proliferation of vascular, mature fatty and fibrous connective tissue. The histological findings support the diagnosis of a hamartoma rather than a true neoplasm

In vitro antibacterial activity of selected medicinal plants from lower Himalayas

The present studies cover antibacterial activity of the crude methanolic extracts of 11 medicinal plants viz. Adhatoda vasica, Bauhenia variegate, Bombax ceiba, Carrisa opaca, Caryopteris grata, Debregeasia salicifolia, Lantana camara, Melia azedarach, Phyllanthus emblica, Pinus roxburghii and Olea ferruginea collected from lower Himalayas against two Gram positive [Staphylococcus aureus, Micrococcus luteus] and two Gram negative [Escherichiacoli, Pseudomonas aureginosa] bacterial strains. The extracts were applied at four different concentrations [120 mg/mL, 90mg/mL, 60mg/mL and 30mg/mL] in dimethyl sulfoxide [DMSO] by using agar well diffusion method. Antibacterial activities against Staphylococcus aureus and Micrococcus luteus were observed formethanolic extracts of all the above mentioned plants. Greater antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa was only exhibited by Phyllanthus emblica, Pinus roxburghii, Debregeasia salicifolia and Lantana camara. Escherichia coli was highly resistant to all the plant extracts at all concentrations. It is inferred that methanolic crude extracts of the above mentioned plantsexhibitantibacterial activities against pathogenic bacteria, which proved the ethnobotanical importance of the selected plants that indigenous people use for cure against various diseases

Households' preparedness for first-aid of burns and falls in Khartoum

Background :Reports of natural disasters and injuries have increased in recent years in both low and high-income regions. Household emergency preparedness can limit the effects of not only natural disasters but also simple injuries. Little is known regarding the level of emergency preparedness in Sudan households. Method:A cross sectional community based survey was conducted in the Alemtidad region of Sudan between September 2012 and December 2012. A random selection of 89 households was done from 3200 in the region as per power calculation. Data were collected using a structured designed questionnaire and analysed using the statistical package for social science (SPSS) program version 20 and demographics were presented accordingly.Result:Less than half of households surveyed had any first aid supplies and most of these supplies were incomplete. Only 66 of housewives demonstrated knowledge about first aid for burns and falls; 88 took preventive measures against burns and falls and 51 had an action plan in case serious injury occurred. Knowledge levels of housewives reflect unacceptable levels of preparedness. Education is a significant predictor of preparedness. Conclusion :Household emergency preparedness is poor. It can be encouraged by community based outreach and education programmes focused on prevention and treatment of common injuries

En block excision and iliaccrest autograft intepositional arthrodesis for giant cell tumour of distal radius: [campanacci grade·III]

Objective: to study wide resection and arthrodesis of wrist, utilizing an autologous iliac crest for giant cell tumour of distal radius [Campanacci Grade-I I I]

Material and Methods: between Feb 2004 to Nov 2011 ,fourteen patients with amean age of 31 .5 years [21-42 years] with Campanacci Grade-Ill GCT of distal radius were admitted in orthopaedic ward Services hospital Lahore. Thirteen patients were managed with wide excision of tumour and reconstruction with ipsilateral iliac crest, fixed with small fragment plate to the remnant of radius. Primary autogenous iliac crest grafting was done at iliac crest radial junction in all the patients

Results: all the patients were followed to bony union, and twelve out of 14 patients were available at mean follow up of 24 months [10 to 26].The mean time to union was four months [3.0 to 6.0] at iliac crest-carpal site and 4.5 months [3.0 to 6.60] at iliac crest- radial site. Eleven patients had a reasonably good range of supination and pronation. The mean Musculoskeletal Tumour Society score was 23.21[77.38%, range21 to 25]. Among the complications, two patients developed radioulnar synostosis, one patient had a local recurrence, but with no bony involvement. Local excision was done and no local recurrence took place thereafter and he is disease free. One patient developed stiffness of fingers, which improved with physiotherapy. There was no other complications like nonunion at the graft bone junction, wound infection [superficial or deep], skin necrosis deformity and bony metastasis and refracture at the reconstruction site

Conclusions: iliac crest provides a local corticocancellous bone graft to reconstruct the defect left after excision of the distal radius for giant cell tumour. Iliac crest graft has advantage over the fibular and ulna graft of having the early union and better incorporation to the host bone, with no evidence of nonunion in our studies. It provides good stability at wrist with contouring of DCP over its concave surface, while retaining a good function of hand and forearm rotation

Maternal periodontal disease and preterm low birth weight: an update

In the past decade, there has been mounting scientific evidence suggesting that periodontal disease may play an important role as a risk factor for adverse pregnancy outcomes. Maternal periodontal disease is emerging as a major risk factor for preterm delivery and low birth weight. Preterm birth, resulting in babies born too little and too soon, is a major cause of morbidity and child hood handicap. Data from recent studies have implicated periodontal infections as a potential independent risk factor for preterm low birth weight, but several risk factors for pregnancy outcomes, such as socioeconomic factors, smoking, diabetes and stress, have also been consistently associated with periodontitis. This review focuses on the definition, classification of periodontal disease and its plausible link to preterm low birth weight babies, incidence and the risk factors associated with preterm low birth weight. Additionally this review summarizes the current scientific data on preterm low birth weight and makes a conclusion based on current understanding of the topic. Finally, the clinical relevance of maternal periodontal health and disease has been emphasized and need of antenatal oral health care has been highlighted. It is hoped that both medical and dental practitioner world will realize the importance of maternal oral health in relation to pregnancy outcome. Ultimately, it is hoped that the quantity of life of both mother and infant would improve through early intervention and control of periodontal diseases in pregnant mothers

p53 and p21/WAF-1 overexpressions in prostatic adenocarcinoma

OBJECTIVES: This study was carried out to determine the role of p53 and p21 in the pathogenesis of prostatic adenocarcinoma and their association with tumour grade. METHOD: Sixty-seven histologically confirmed prostatic adenocarcinoma cases collected from Hospital Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia and General Hospital Kuala Lumpur were studied. The formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues were stained with monoclonal antibody p53 (clone DO-7) and p21 (clone SX II8) using standard avidin-biotin complex immunohistochemistry (IHC) after microwave antigen retrieval. The adenocarcinomas were graded histologically according to Gleason score: low grade = score 2-4, intermediate grade = score 5-7, high grade = score 8-10. Histological grade was analysed against IHC expressions of p53 and p21 and against patient age and ethnicity. RESULTS: IHC positivity for p53 was expressed in 1/2 (50%) low grade, 14/33 (42%) intermediate grade, and 21/32 (66%) high grade tumours. p21 was expressed in 0/2 low grade, 16/33 (48%) intermediate grade and 15/32 (47%) high grade tumours. p53 and p21 expressions did not show statistically significant correlation with the different grades of prostatic adenocarcinoma or with each other (p = 0.42). There was no correlation between tumour grade and age or ethnicity. CONCLUSION: Although the p53 positivity rate was higher in high-grade prostate adenocarcinoma, this was not statistically significant. We found that a combined expression of p21 and p53 was not correlated with tumour grade. We could not confirm that p21 expression was dependent on p53 expression.