ABSTRACT
Objective: to determine the vaccination practices of mothers for children less than two years of age admitted with the complain of diarrhoea in the Zainab Panjwani Memorial Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan
Methods: a Cross sectional hospital based study was conducted to determine the vaccination practices of mothers whose children were admitted with the complain of diarrhea in the paediatric ward of Zainab Panjwani Memorial Hospital, Karachi. Study was approved by the Ethical Review Board of Zainab Panjwani Memorial Hospital. After taking verbal consent from mothers or caregivers, the data was collected by using a semi-structured questionnaire. The study was conducted from 1st March to 30th April 2015. About 207 mothers were selected through consecutive sampling from paediatric units of Zainab Panjwani Memorial Hospital. Data was entered and analyzed by using SPSS V.21
Results: out of 207 children 51% were females, 89% of the children were under 1 year of age. About 90% of the children received BCG and OPV at birth, 82.1 % received Pentavalent1+Hib1+OPV1 at 6 weeks, 75.8% were vaccinated with Pentavalent 2 +Hib2+OPV 2 at 10 weeks. About 66.2% children received Pentavalent 3+Hib3+OPV3 at 14 weeks and 52% of the children were vaccinated with Measles vaccine at 9 months of age.The coverage rate was found low to be 30% at 15 months of age. More than 45% of the mothers reported difficulty in accessing vaccination center as the major reason for not getting their children immunized against EPI [Expanded Program of Immunization] vaccine preventable diseases
Conclusion: the practices of mothers for immunization at birth, 6 weeks and10 weeks interval were found more than 90% but at 9 months and 15 months the immunization rate for under 2 years of age child was found below 35%. The mothers should be encouraged through awareness campaign for EPI vaccination to completely immunize their children under two years of age
ABSTRACT
Objective: The aim of the study was to determine the frequency of smear positive malaria and sociodemographic factors of patients visiting the Microscopy center of Civil hospital Khairpur
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted January 2016 to April 2016 by using structured questionnaire to assess frequency of smear positive malaria among patients visiting Microscopy center of Civil Hospital Khairpur. About 138 patients who were prescribed Malaria Parasite [MP] Test by the doctors were selected by using consecutive sampling technique and interviewed regarding their socio-demographic characteristics. Data was entered and analyzed by using SPSS version 21
Results: Out of total 138 participants, 55.5% were males, Majority were less than forty years of age with highest range of 25-40 years. Malaria parasite test was found to be positive in 6.5 % participants and the most common identified species was Plasmodium Vivax
Conclusion: This study suggests that Malaria is endemic in certain areas of Khairpur District and Plasmodium Vivax is the most common species affecting the people who visited Microscopy centre for the Malaria Parasite [MP] test. Health education and community participation would be needed to eliminate the Malaria from community
ABSTRACT
To assess awareness about Tuberclosis in community and compliance for DOTS [directly observed treatment short-course] in patients. It is Descriptive cross sectional study was conducted at two places, i.e., Arafat Town and Sindh Government Hospital, Karachi. A sample of 175 subjects were selected, out of which 75 subjects were selected from Arafat town [community] while 100 subjects [patients] were selected from Sindh Government Hospital, Karachi. The survey was conducted by interview comprising of questions related to personal information regarding Tuberculosis, its symptoms, different mechanisms of its spread, diagnosis and its treatment by DOTS, knowledge of DOTS and satisfaction of patients receiving DOTS. The data collected was analyzed by using SPSS version 11. Out of 75 study subjects from community 43.5% of subjects were uneducated or had only religious knowledge, 65% did not know Tuberculosis, 20% did not have any knowledge regarding the symptoms of Tuberculosis, 22% of subjects were unaware of the preventive measure against TB. In the hospital setup, 99% of patients were satisfied from DOTS and the compliance rates was 88%.Most of the subjects were unaware of Tuberculosis that seems to be due to their illiteracy and those who knew had got the knowledge from media but the majority of the patients who were on DOTS were found to be satisfied