ABSTRACT
Background: According to National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health, computer vision syndrome affects 90% people who spend more than 3 hours a day on the computer. It is a group of eye and vision related problems. It is a temporary condition resulting from focusing the eyes on a computer display for prolonged, uninterrupted period of time. Also different reactions of the eye and the brain to the characters on the screen cause strain. Hence, this study is planned to assess computer vision syndrome in software professionals. Objectives: To assess Computer Vision Syndrome by history and clinical examination. Material and Methods: An assessment survey was conducted in a convenient software company. A total number of 60 people in age group 28-40 years having minimum exposure of three years to computer everyday were recruited in the study. A questionnaire was developed to collect data about perceived symptoms on computer vision syndrome. Results: It was observed that 80% of subjects suffer from backache, wrist and shoulder pain. 72% subjects complained of eyestrain and 70% complained of dry and irritated eyes. 62% subjects complained of headache. More than 50% subjects gave history of watering and redness of eyes. Conclusion: Study shows that more than 50% subjects suffer from some or the other symptom of computer vision syndrome. Early detection and prevention of computer vision syndrome is necessary to prevent future complications and better health of software professionals.
ABSTRACT
Background:- Sexual dimorphism in coronary artery disease (CAD) mortality is attributed to the cardioprotective effects of estrogen.This is reinforced by the observation that incidence of myocardial infarction is higher in menstrual phase, corresponding with low estrogen levels, in people who are predisposed to CAD due to the presence of modifiable risk factors. Cyclical variability of estrogen and progesterone in normal menstruating women may be associated with variability of platelet aggregation and fibrinolytic activity.There exists a delicate balance between fibrinolytic activity and platelet aggregation governing the haemostatic status. Objectives:- Platelet aggregability and fibrinolytic activity were measured and compared during menstrual (1-5 days), follicular ( 9-12 days) and luteal (20-25days) phases of menstrual cycle. Method:- In this cross sectional study of 50 normal menstruating females in age group of 18-35yrs, Platelet aggregability was measured by ADP induced platelet aggregation on a spectrophotometer. Fibrinolytic activity was estimated by euglobulin clot lysis time. Results :- Results were analyzed by students unpaired ‘t’ test. Change in platelet aggregability was found 0.12 ± 0.15, 0.04 ± 0.04 and 0.08 ± 0.07 in menstrual, follicular and luteal phase respectively. Platelet aggregability was found significantly (p < 0.001) higher in menstrual and luteal phases than follicular phase. The mean euglobulin clot lysis time was found 277.6 ± 43.96, 147.6 ± 52.78 and 244.6 ± 59.12 in menstrual, follicular and luteal phase respectively. Fibrinolytic activity was found significantly (p < 0.0001) lower in menstrual and luteal phases than follicular phase. Conclusion :- According to the present study, in both luteal and menstrual phases, not only platelet aggregability was found higher, but fibrinolytic activity was also found lower as compared to follicular phase, thereby pointing towards thrombotic tendency in these phases. Hence, these phases require careful monitoring in women who are susceptible to thrombotic disorders. However, follicular phase with lower platelet aggregability and higher fibrinolytic activity is relatively free from thrombotic risk.
ABSTRACT
Background: According to World Health Organisation, type 2 diabetes mellitus [type 2 D. M] has recently escalated in all age groups and is now being identified in younger age groups. This underscores the need for mass awareness and screening programs to detect diabetes at an early stage. For this purpose we have used a simplified Indian Diabetes Risk Score (IDRS) for prediction of diabetes in undergraduate medical students. Objectives: To screen and to identify 1st MBBS students at risk for developing type 2 D. M using IDRS. Materials and Methods : 261 undergraduates (1st MBBS students) were scored using IDRS which includes age, family history of diabetes, exercise status, and waist circumference. After scoring them, we assessed random capillary blood glucose (RCBG) in students with high IDRS score. Students with RCBG ≥ 113 mg/dl are followed for definitive tests for diagnosis of prediabetes and diabetes. Results and Conclusion: We have assessed 261 students till now. It was observed that 5%, 55%, and 38% students in High, Moderate, and Low risk group, respectively, for developing type 2 D. M. The mean abdominal obesity in high risk students was 101.95 ± 5.76 as compared to 79.17 ± 11.08 in moderate and low risk students (P < 0.0001). 63% students were having sedentary lifestyle. Family history of diabetes in either or both parents was present in 25% students. Mean RCBG in students having score more than 50 was 97.33 ± 9.68 mg/dl. Also, two students were having RCBG > 113 mg/dl in which one student found to have prediabetic. Conclusion: This underscores the need for further investigations to detect diabetes at an early stage and to overcome the disease burden of diabetes in future. Prevention of obesity and promotion of physical activity have to be the future plan of action which can be suggested in the form of regular exercise and diet planning for the students as part of an integrated approach.