ABSTRACT
Based on experiments on fresh cadaveric and accidentally amputated 8 upper limbs of children, study of ulnae for presence and absence of non articular strip on the trochlear notch, measurements of carrying angle, length of forearm bones, pronation-supination, height and weight in 2250 infants, children and adults of various age groups and clinical observations on 800 cases of injuries around elbow many new facts have been observed about the development of the carrying angle and its significance in the etiopathogenesis of various types of fractures seen around the elbow. The carrying angle develops in response to pronation of the forearm and is dependent on length of the forearm bones. Lesser the length of forearm bones greater is the carrying angle. So the carrying angle is more in shorter persons as compared to taller persons. It is abduction at the shoulder and not the carrying angle which keeps the swinging upper limbs away from the side of the pelvis during walking. Carrying angle is not a secondary sex character. The type of fracture a child sustains after fall on outstretched hand is also determined by the value of the carrying angle. A new type of fracture hitherto undescribed in the literature, T-Y fracture of the distal humeral epiphysis is also reported.
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Age Factors , Child , Child, Preschool , Cross-Sectional Studies , Elbow Joint/anatomy & histology , Female , Humans , Humerus/anatomy & histology , Incidence , India/epidemiology , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Male , Reference Values , Sex Characteristics , Sex Factors , Shoulder Fractures/epidemiology , Ulna/anatomy & histology , Ulna Fractures/epidemiologyABSTRACT
A new hypothesis has been proposed to explain excessive callus formation seen after injury to brain or spinal cord. Nervous tissue is very active metabolically and when damaged or inflammed it extracts, utilises and inactivates most of the corticosteroids and other anti-inflammatory substances present in the blood. Therefore now very little active corticosteroids are left to exhibit the inhibitory effect on callus formation. This leads to faster fracture healing with excessive callus formation in head or spinal cord injured patients.
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Bony Callus/physiology , Brain Injuries/complications , Child , Female , Femoral Fractures/complications , Fracture Healing/physiology , Humans , Male , Middle AgedABSTRACT
31 patients of recurrent anterior dislocation of shoulder treated by anterior glenoplasty using allogenic decalbone had good results. It is proposed that generalised congenital or developmental disorder may be an important etiological factor in pathogenesis of recurrence of the dislocation.
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Bone Transplantation , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Joint Instability/surgery , Male , Recurrence , Shoulder Dislocation/surgery , Transplantation, Homologous , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
Two hundred cases of cervical spondylosis were studied for 1 to 4 average (2 1/2) years. No co-relation could be established between the clinical features and the radiological findings in these cases. It was found that parasites play an important role in the multifactorial etiology of this condition and their eradication by deworming drugs gives better results than the traditional therapies. Many new hypotheses are proposed to explain the same.
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Biological Factors , Cervical Vertebrae , Combined Modality Therapy , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Incidence , Male , Middle Aged , Parasitic Diseases/complications , Recurrence , Spinal Osteophytosis/epidemiologyABSTRACT
A total of 155 consecutive patients of osteomyelitis were studied clinically, radiologically and bacteriologically. The follow up ranged from 2 1/2 to 4 1/2 yr (average 3.5 yr). Age varied from 8 months to 50 yr. Onset of the disease was acute in 106 and insidious in 49 patients. Of these 116 cases were treated conservatively which include 12 treated by incision and drainage. The rest underwent surgery (saucerization, curettage, sequestrectomy etc.). There was a trend for osteomyelitis to shift from the known incidence in early age to adulthood, acute to insidious onset and infection by Gram positive to Gram negative organisms.