ABSTRACT
Objective: To determine the extent of morbidity and mortality in newborns with neonatal hyperglycemia where published data are limited
Study Design: Observational case control study
Place and Duration of Study: Department of Neonatology, the Children's Hospital and the Institute of Child Health Lahore, from 1[st] May to 31[st] Oct 2015
Material and Methods: A prospective, observational case control study was conducted in the Department of Neonatology, the Children's Hospital and the Institute of Child Health, Lahore, from 1st May till 31st October 2015. The sample size was 192, with 96 babies each in 'study' and 'control' groups. All neonates fulfilling the inclusion criteria were enrolled in the 'study group' while 'control group' consisted of euglycemic babies matched for age, weight, gestational age and clinical status. All babies were monitored for morbidity intraventricular hemorrhage [IVH], necrotizing enterocolitis [NEC], infections and outcome [duration of hospital stay, discharged or expired]
Results: The data analysis showed that 74% neonates, of study group, had hyperglycemia during first week of their lives. Moreover, 84.4% babies were less than 2.5kg. Significant high number of babies in the study group developed complications [p<0.001]. These complications included IVH [p<0.001], NEC [p=0.024] and infections [p=0.019]. As regards outcome, the neonates in the study group had significantly prolonged hospital stay [p=0.028], lower discharge rate [p=0.040] and higher mortality [p=0.040]
Conclusion: Hyperglycemia not only significantly increases risk of IVH, NEC and infections, but also prolongs hospital stay and contributes to mortality among newborns
ABSTRACT
Objective: To study the spectrum of neonatal admissions and their outcome in a tertiary care hospital
Study Design: A descriptive observational study
Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted in Neonatal Unit of The Children's Hospital and Institute of Child Health, Lahore for a period of one year from 1st Jan 2015 to 31st Dec 2015
Material and Methods: Data of all admitted patients during the study period were reviewed and analysed in terms of gender, gestational age, age at presentation, weight, cause of admission and their outcome. Neonates with incomplete data were excluded subsequently. Diagnosis were made on clinical examination, radiological findings and laboratory investigations. Data were analysed using SPSS version 20
Results: Out of 11427 neonates admitted during the study period, 397 were excluded because of deficient record. Of the 11030 neonates males were 7673 [69.6%] and females were 3353 [30.4%]. Full-term neonates were 8123 [73.64%] while preterm were 2907 [26.35%]. Low birth weight [LBW] babies were 5636 [51.1%]. Newborns presented within first 24 hours of life were 1478 [13.4%]. Birth asphyxia 3518 [31.89%] was the most common cause of hospital admissions followed by prematurity 2907 [26.36%] and neonatal sepsis 1865 [16.91%]. Out of 11030 babies, 7055 [64%] were discharged, 2805 [25.4%] left against medical advice and 1170 [10.6%] neonates expired. Highest number of deaths was because of prematurity 469 [39.32%] followed by asphyxia neonatorum 359 [30.68%] and neonatal sepsis 180 [15.38%]
Conclusion: Birth asphyxia, prematurity and sepsis constitute three fourths of hospital admissions in our neonatal unit. Most common cause of mortality was prematurity followed by birth asphyxia and neonatal sepsis