ABSTRACT
Introduction: Lumbar vertebral column is exposed to various kinds of stress during locomotion. In erect posture weight transmitted through posterior part including pedicles. This causes deformities of this region as the age advances in many individuals. Proper correction of deformity is challenging. There have been advances in spinal fusion procedures and interspinous implantation of devices including pedicle screws. Use of unsuitable dimensions of screw may cause problem of destruction of pedicle. Correct metricular data of pedicle is necessary for choice of appropriate screw size. Aims and Objectives: 1) To measure the various dimensions in Indian adult human lumbar vertebral pedicles. 2) To prepare data of lumbar pedicles useful in various surgical procedures. Material and Methods: A Cross-sectional study was done on 45 dry, fully ossified human lumbar vertebral sets. The bones were grouped into typical (L1 to L4) and atypical (L5) lumbar vertebrae. The dimensions measured included pedicle length, height, thickness, axial length, transverse and sagittal angles. ‘Digital Vernier Caliper’ and Protractor were used. The data was analyzed statistically. Results: The mean length, height and thickness of typical vertebral pedicles increases gradually. In atypical (L5), pedicle thickness suddenly increases. The transverse angle of pedicle elevated gradually from L1 to L4 but at L5, it abruptly increased. Conclusions: The study reported significant differences in several dimensions of pedicles of typical as well as atypical lumbar vertebrae. These differences should be considered by neurosurgeons.
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Evaluation of height from multiple long bones is done by several researchers with variable degreeof success. Limited literature exists on establishing the correlation between foot length (FL) and height (Ht). Thepresent study was implemented to find out percentage ratio of FL to Ht and to assess the relationship betweenfoot length and height through regression analysis method.Materials and Methods: An observational anthropometric study was done on healthy 500 male and femalestudents with age bracket of 18 to 23 years. Foot length and height measurements were done by appropriateinstruments and same expert to avoid observer bias. SPSS (Version 12) software was used for data analysis andcorrelation coefficients. Multiple regression correlation analysis methods were used to evaluate statisticaldifferences.Results: The mean FL was significantly higher in all age groups of males than that of females (p < 0.001). Thecorrelation coefficient ‘r’ was statistically significant for majority of age groups (p < 0.01). There was positivecorrelation between foot length and height and in the study reliable regressive equation was derived.Conclusions: The study reported statistically significant correlation between foot length and height of individuals.The regression equation derived in the study can be utilized effectively for estimation of height in a diversepopulation group and it would be very useful for personal identification in forensic medicine field andanthropology.
ABSTRACT
Introduction: The cervical region of vertebral column being the most common site of expression of stress in theform of pain in neck, cervical disc prolapse and cervical neuropraxia. Cervical vertebral column is influenced bymechanical, environmental, genetic, metabolic and hormonal factor and has to react to the forces of every day.Accurate anatomical descriptions of the pedicle, lamina and vertebral foramen are necessary for developmentand use of implantable devices and for spinal instrumentation that ranges from ‘transpedicular screw fixation’to ‘vertebroplasty’.Aim: To study the morphometric database of pedicles, laminae and vertebral foramina of subaxial cervicalvertebrae.Materials and Methods: Fifty-seven dry macerated sets of adult human cervical vertebral columns of unknownsex and age in the Department of Anatomy in Bharati Vidyapeeth University Medical College Pune and Smt.Kashibai Navale Medical College and General Hospital, Pune in Maharashtra. The length, thickness and heightof pedicles and laminae and anteroposterior and transverse length of vertebral foramina were measured withdigital Vernier caliperObservation: The pedicle length and thickness was found to increase uniformly from C3 to C7. Thickness oflamina was found to be maximum at C7 vertebra. Maximum anteroposterior length of vertebral foramen wasobserved at C3 and the maximum transverse length at C6.Conclusion: The result of this study will help in designing implants and instruments related to the cervicalvertebral column. It can also help in the management of traumatic and pathological fractures of cervical vertebralcolumn.