ABSTRACT
3p deletion is a rare cytogenetic finding. Here we describe a 3 months old male with congenital malformations. His karyotype revealed 3p deletion 46,XY,del(3)(p25-pter). The child had flexion deformity of wrist and elbow which has never been reported before.
ABSTRACT
Aims: To compare the clinical and pathologic assessment of response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy and describe the various histopathologic changes observed. Materials and Methods: We studied a group of 40 patients with locally advanced breast cancer who had their initial workup in the form of clinico-imaging assessment of the size and pretreatment biopsy from the lesion. All the patients received two to six cycles of neoadjuvant chemotherapy, either cyclophosphamide 50 to 60 mg/m 2 IV, doxorubicin 40 to 50 mg/m 2 IV and 5-fluorouracil 500 to 800 mg/m 2 IV (CAF) or cyclophosphamide, epirubicin, and 5-fluorouracil (CEF). Clinical and pathologic assessment of response to chemotherapy was done based on the UICC guidelines. Result: Complete clinical response (cCR) was seen in 10% cases (4/40), thirty percent patients had (12/40) partial response and 60% (24/40) had stable disease after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Pathologic complete response (pCR) with no evidence of viable tumor was observed in 20% patients (8/40). Fifteen patients (37.5%) showed partial response and 42.5% patients (17/40) had a stable disease. No patient progressed during the course of chemotherapy. Changes in the tumor type were observed following chemotherapy, most common being the mucinous change. Histologic changes like dyscohesion, shrinkage of tumor cells, elastosis, collagenization, necrosis, lymphocytic reaction, giant cell response are some of the common observations seen following treatment with neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Conclusion: Pathologic assessment of response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy is a better predictor than the clinical response. The chemotherapy drugs can be modified based on the response observed after 1-2 cycles of neoadjuvant, the response being based on both tumor and patient's responsiveness.
Subject(s)
Biomarkers, Pharmacological/metabolism , Breast Neoplasms/drug therapy , Breast Neoplasms/pathology , Carcinoma, Ductal/drug therapy , Carcinoma, Ductal/pathology , Cyclophosphamide/administration & dosage , Cyclophosphamide/adverse effects , Disease-Free Survival , Doxorubicin/administration & dosage , Doxorubicin/adverse effects , Epirubicin/administration & dosage , Epirubicin/adverse effects , Female , Fluorouracil/administration & dosage , Fluorouracil/adverse effects , Humans , Middle Aged , Neoadjuvant Therapy , Predictive Value of Tests , Prognosis , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
Ciprofloxacin has been widely used for treating infections and has been found to have very low cardiovascular side effects. QTc prolongation with the use of ciprofloxacin is yet to be reported in literature. A case report highlighting QTc prolongation by use of ciprofloxacin is being presented.
Subject(s)
Adult , Anti-Infective Agents/adverse effects , Ciprofloxacin/adverse effects , Electric Countershock , Electrocardiography/drug effects , Female , Humans , Tachycardia, Ventricular/therapyABSTRACT
Shoot tip explants of 5.chickpea varieties were evaluated for efficiency of rooting using MS basal medium (1/4, 1/2 and full strength). Maximum rooting was observed in 3 varieties when cultured in MS medium with 1/4 strength. Plantlets thus developed, were further cultured in Hoagland solution (1/4 strength) for 15-20 days which enhanced root number and root length. Such plantlets established well in vermiculite/soil.