ABSTRACT
The coeliac trunk is the branch of the abdominal aorta at the level of the twelfth thoracic vertebra. Its branches namely left gastric, common hepatic and splenic arteries supply the primary organs of the supracolic abdominal compartment namely the stomach, pancreas, spleen and liver. In this article, we report case series of three cases in male cadavers aged 65yrs, 60yrs and 70yrs respectively in the Department of Anatomy, Pondicherry Institute of Medical Sciences and MVJ Medical College and Research Institute wherein we discovered that the branching pattern of the coeliac trunk varied from the usual pattern, thus the specimens were photographed to understand further. The observation of first case, common trunk from abdominal aorta showed common hepatic and superior mesenteric artery and left gastric and splenic artery aroused as another common trunk from abdominal aorta. The second case showed the superior mesenteric artery arising from coeliac trunk and the third case was observed the inferior phrenic arteries were arising from coeliac trunk. Knowledge of this variable anatomy may be useful in planning and executing surgical or radiological interventions.
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Meniscal tears are commonly encountered in clinical practice and cause significant musculoskeletal morbidity. Most of the data available on Morphometry of menisci in Indian population are through cadaveric studies and very few MRI studies are available to substantiate the available data. Aim of the study: To gather data on the Morphometry of menisci in South Indian population and compare it with the existing literature. Material and Method: 100 MRI images collected retrospectively were used to study menisci. Height and width of MM and LM were measured both in sagittal and coronal planes. Results: It was observed that in both sexes the height of the Anterior horn of Medial meniscus was significantly higher than that of Lateral meniscus. Width of the Anterior horn and body showed significantly higher values in Lateral meniscus whereas width of Posterior horn of Medial meniscus showed significantly higher values in both sexes. Height of Medial meniscus in all the segments was higher in males though the difference was significant only in anterior horn and Posterior horn segments. Height of Lateral meniscus was significantly higher in males in all the segments. Conclusion: Results of this study will add to the existing literature on the Morphometry of menisci and will serve as a database for patients undergoing meniscal allografts.
ABSTRACT
Introduction: The anatomical knowledge of tracheobronchial tree and its variations will be useful in case ofmany interventional treatments. Hence we undertook the present study to document the variation in branchingpattern of segmental bronchi and its clinical implication.Materials and Methods: The Study was done on 30 right & 30 left formalin fixed adult lungs obtained from thecadavers in the Department of Anatomy, Kempegowda Institute of Medical Sciences, Bangalore. The lung wasdissected along the primary bronchi to expose the branching pattern, till the segmental bronchi. Ramification ofbronchial tree was observed and photographed.Results: Regular pattern of B1 to B10 was found to be more on right side (76.6%), Absence of B7 was also more onright side. The pattern B7, B8+9+10(6.6%), was seen only on right side, whereas the patterns, B1+B2,B3, B7+8,B9+10,B7,B8,B9+10 and B7+8, B9,B10 was seen only in the left lungs. Two left lungs exhibited an accessory bronchusafter lingual division and three left lungs had three bronchi in lingual division.Conclusions: The knowledge of anatomical variability of branching pattern will be useful for interventionalradiologist, which would help to diagnose or predict many adverse outcomes of chest diseases at earlier stageand surgeons for planning segmental resections or pulmonary lobectomy.
ABSTRACT
Background and Objectives: The lateral femoral cutaneous nerve (LFCN) of the thigh arises from the dorsalbranches of the second and third lumbar ventral rami. Several variations in the formation, course and branchesof this nerve have been reported. The regional anatomy of the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve is highly variedand may account for its susceptibility to local trauma. Knowledge of these variations is important for surgeonsto avoid injury to the nerve. The aim of this study was to evaluate the variations in the formation of LFCN of thethigh and to discuss its clinical implications.Materials And Methods: The study was conducted on 25(50 sides) adult human cadavers in the Department ofAnatomy, Sri Siddhartha Medical College, Tumkur, Karnataka, India by dissection method. The LFCN was lookedfor, bilaterally, and its formation studied. The specimens were numbered and photographed.Results: In the present study, the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve of thigh arising from dorsal divisions of L2 L3was observed in 34(68%) specimens. Variations in LFCN were observed in 16 specimens. The variationsencountered were the absence of LFCN (2%), the origin of LFCN from ventral ramus of L1 spinal nerve (2%), theorigin of LFCN from ventral rami of L1 L2 spinal nerves (8%), the origin of LFCN as a branch of femoral nerve (20%).Conclusion: The present study highlights the necessity for a thorough knowledge of the topographical features ofthe LFCN so as to increase the efficacy of diagnosis, reduce complications and increase patient comfort.