ABSTRACT
Background@#The study was planned to show the status of indoor microorganisms and the status of the reduction device in the military dog clinic. @*Methods@#Airborne microbes were analyzed according to the number of daily patient canines. For identification of bacteria, sampled bacteria was identified using VITEK®2 and molecular method. The status of indoor microorganisms according to the operation of the ventilation system was analyzed. @*Results@#Airborne bacteria and fungi concentrations were 1000.6 ± 800.7 CFU/m3 and 324.7 ± 245.8 CFU/m3. In the analysis using automated identification system, based on fluorescence biochemical test, VITEK®2, mainly human pathogenic bacteria were identified. The three most frequently isolated genera were Kocuria (26.6%), Staphylococcus (24.48%), and Granulicatella (12.7%). The results analyzed by molecular method were detected in the order of Kocuria (22.6%), followed by Macrococcus (18.1%), Glutamicibacter (11.1%), and so on. When the ventilation system was operated appropriately, the airborne bacteria and fungi level were significantly decreased. @*Conclusion@#Airborne bacteria in the clinic tend to increase with the number of canines. Human pathogenic bacteria were mainly detected in VITEK®2, and relatively various bacteria were detected in molecular analysis. A decrease in the level of bacteria and fungi was observed with proper operation of the ventilation system.
ABSTRACT
Background@#The study was planned to show the status of indoor microorganisms and the status of the reduction device in the military dog clinic. @*Methods@#Airborne microbes were analyzed according to the number of daily patient canines. For identification of bacteria, sampled bacteria was identified using VITEK®2 and molecular method. The status of indoor microorganisms according to the operation of the ventilation system was analyzed. @*Results@#Airborne bacteria and fungi concentrations were 1000.6 ± 800.7 CFU/m3 and 324.7 ± 245.8 CFU/m3. In the analysis using automated identification system, based on fluorescence biochemical test, VITEK®2, mainly human pathogenic bacteria were identified. The three most frequently isolated genera were Kocuria (26.6%), Staphylococcus (24.48%), and Granulicatella (12.7%). The results analyzed by molecular method were detected in the order of Kocuria (22.6%), followed by Macrococcus (18.1%), Glutamicibacter (11.1%), and so on. When the ventilation system was operated appropriately, the airborne bacteria and fungi level were significantly decreased. @*Conclusion@#Airborne bacteria in the clinic tend to increase with the number of canines. Human pathogenic bacteria were mainly detected in VITEK®2, and relatively various bacteria were detected in molecular analysis. A decrease in the level of bacteria and fungi was observed with proper operation of the ventilation system.
ABSTRACT
Grip strength is used in the various field to assess the disorder of upper limb. Normative data on the grip strength of population is needed to assess decreased grip strength. In this study, we tried to make a estimating model considering age and anthropometry investigation data, by analyzing 2014-2015 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data. The subjects of this study were 10,430 participants who measured grip strength of both hands, have no missing data on anthropometry data and survey. Analysis showed that the grip strength had a curve-shaped correlation which could best be explained by the cubic expression of age, and linear correlation between height, weight and waist circumference. After the stratification of the gender, a prediction formula with age, height, and body weight as independent variables for dominant hand and non-dominant hand grip strength was presented. In addition, the distribution of estimated value to measured value ratio among subjects was suggested, which can be used to assess the abnormal value of grip strength. The distribution of non-dominant hand grip strength to dominant hand grip strength was also suggested, which can be used to determine decreased unilateral grip strength. Several studies have suggested normative value for grip strength by gender and age of Koreans, but there are no consideration for adjusting heightand weight. In this study, the model was developed to calculate the predicted grip force considering age, height, and weight. With the distribution data of measured value to predicted value ratio and non-dominant hand grip strength to dominant hand grip strength ratio, the model can be helpful to assess a reduction in grip strength.
Subject(s)
Anthropometry , Body Weight , Hand , Hand Strength , Korea , Nutrition Surveys , Regression Analysis , Upper Extremity , Waist CircumferenceABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to investigate factors associated with sleep disorders in male firefighters working in a metropolitan city in South Korea. METHODS: Self-administered questionnaires including the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire, Korean Occupational Stress Scale-Short Form, Psychosocial Well-Being Index-Short Form, Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index, and Beck-Depression Inventory-2 as well as surveys collecting socio-demographic characteristics and work-related factors were given to 730 male firefighters. After exclusion for missing data, 657 male firefighters were included, and logistic regression analysis adjusted for the work-related factors, psychosocial factors, and general risk factors were used to assess the relationship between sleep disorders and associated factors. RESULTS: The prevalence of sleep disorders was 48.7%. Shift work (adjusted OR 1.58, 95% CI = 1.02-2.45), musculoskeletal symptoms (adjusted OR 2.89, 95% CI = 2.02-4.14), and depression (adjusted OR 7.04 95% CI = 4.03-12.30) were associated with sleep disorders. CONCLUSIONS: Musculoskeletal symptoms, shift work, and depression are associated with sleep disorders. Integrated health management is needed to promote good sleep quality among firefighters.