ABSTRACT
The social model has considered the concept of emancipation in the field of social participation of people with disabilities that is less frequently investigated. This study aimed to explore the facilitators and barriers of emancipation process in persons with physical disability.METHODSThis grounded theory study was conducted in the welfare originations of Tehran and Zanjan from October 2017 to September 2018. The study was conducted using semi‑structured interviews of 12 participants with physical disabilities, two family members, one nurse, one physician, and two employees of the Welfare Organization. Purposeful sampling was performed with maximum variation. All interviews were transcribed verbatim and data were analysed using the Strauss and Corbin 2008. The study continued until data saturation occurred.RESULTSThe analysis of the data led to the extraction of 2067 codes, 25 subcategories and 8 main categories. The study findings appeared in 4 main categories for barriers and 4 main categories for facilitators. Barrier categories include non-supportive community, unprotected interactions between family, person and self-disability. Facilitating categories includes flexible environment, supportive programs, emancipated family and individual competencies.CONCLUSIONSThere are barriers and facilitators to the process of emancipation, the most important of which are individual factors. So individual motivational interventions with physical disabilities can be effective in achieving the emancipation process.
ABSTRACT
Background: Because of vulnerability of the elders in disasters, preparedness of this group is very important in reducing the damages caused by the earthquake. Therefore, the present study designed and conducted with the purpose of developing interventions to increase earthquake preparedness and risk reduction in the elderly people living in Hadishahr Jolfa City, Iran
Materials and Methods: This study was a quasi-experimental study with pretest, posttest design and a control group. Fifty community dwelling elderly people were selected through simple random sampling method from 2 health centers and randomly allocated to intervention and control groups. Intervention program consisted of educational sessions with slideshows, group discussions, and sending reminder materials to their addresses a week later. The data were collected using the researcher developed preparedness questionnaire consisting of 58 items with 4 subscales [communication, environmental, during and after earthquake period]. Inferential analyses of data, including analysis of covariance was done by SPSS version 16
Results: The findings showed that scores in all subscales of earthquake preparedness [communication, environment, during and after earthquake] significantly increased after educational intervention [P<0.05]
Conclusion: Preparedness programs for disaster risk reduction has a positive effect on the elders' preparedness. Thus, similar multimodal preparedness programs should be used more frequently for this vulnerable community citizens
ABSTRACT
Background: resilience is a quality that affects an individual's ability to cope with tension. The present study was conducted to determine resilience and its contributing factors in high-risk adolescents living in residential care facilities affiliated to Tehran Welfare Organization in order to help develop effective preventive measures for them
Methods: the present descriptive study was conducted on 223 adolescents living in 15 different governmental residential care centers in 2014. Participants were selected through convenience sampling. The data required were collected via the Wagnild and Young Resilience Scale with content validity [S-CVI=0.92] and a reliability of [alpha]=0.77 and r=0.83 [P<0.001]. The data obtained were analyzed in SPSS-20 using descriptive and inferential statistics including Chi-square test, independent t-test and ANOVA
Results: the adolescents' mean score of resilience was 84.41+/-11.01. The level of resilience was moderate in 46.2% of the participants and was significantly higher in the female than in the male adolescents [P=0.006]; moreover, the score obtained was lower in primary school children as compared to middle school and high school students [P<0.001]
Conclusion: directors of care facilities and residential care personnel should adopt preventive resilience-based strategies in order to optimize resilience among adolescents, particularly the male. It is important to provide a basis to prevent adolescents' academic failure and place a stronger value on education than the past
ABSTRACT
Multiple Sclerosis [MS] is a chronic disease of central neurologic system that has a wide effect on neurological function; and can cause disability or poor quality of life in patients. The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of the Tai Chi Chuan on quality of life in women with the MS. This was a clinical trial which covered 34 women with MS in Iran Multiple Sclerosis Society in 2012. The participants were selected using purposive sampling and were randomly assigned to the experiment [n=16] and control [n=18] groups. Intervention was Tai Chi Chuan classes twice a week for 12 weeks. In this study, demographic questionnaire and Multiple Sclerosis quality of life questionnaire [MSQOL-54 scale] were used to collect data. Data were analyzed using the Chi-squared, independent samples T-test, paired samples T-test, Mann-Whitney U and Wilcoxon in the SPSS v.18. There were no significant differences between the mean quality of life and its subscales among patients in the experiment and control groups at baseline except for the emotional well-being subscale. After the Tai Chi training intervention, significant differences were found between the two groups in the mean of some subscales of the quality of life including role limitation due to emotional problems, pain, emotional well-being, energy, social function, health distress, overall quality of life, physical health composite score, mental health composite score and also total quality of life score [P<0.05]. The results suggested that Tai Chi Chuan could be an alternative exercise intervention to increase quality of life in patient with the MS