ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Helicobacter pylori colonizes the gastric surface epithelium and the mucus gel layer. It has been known that H. pylori infection decreased the gastric mucin expression. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of H. pylori eradication on mucin expression (MUC5AC, MUC6 and MUC1) in the gastric epithelium. METHODS: This study included 20 patients positive for H. pylori whom successful eradication was performed between March 1998 and December 1999. H. pylori status was determined by histology, rapid urase test and urea breath test. Gastric antral biopsy specimens were examined by immunohistochemistry for mucin (MUC5AC, MUC6 and MUC1) expression. The distribution of epithelial cells expressing MUC5AC was calculated at two sites (surface mucous cells, pyloric glands). Two scores system (weak-strong) was used to assess staining intensity. RESULTS: There was a gradient of MUC5AC expression, higher to lower from the surface to the glands. Increased MUC5AC expression in the surface mucous cell (p=0.013) and in the glands (p=0.008) was found after H. pylori eradication. MUC6 and MUC1 distribution was not changed after H. pylori eradication. CONCLUSION: MUC5AC expression was increased after H. pylori eradication. These results suggest that MUC5AC may relate in the pathogenesis of H. pylori.
Subject(s)
Humans , Biopsy , Breath Tests , Colon , Epithelial Cells , Epithelium , Gastric Mucins , Helicobacter pylori , Helicobacter , Immunohistochemistry , Mucins , Mucus , UreaABSTRACT
A 68-year-old man was refered for evaluation and treatment of advanced esophageal cancer. He complained of substernal dysphagia for solid and liquid foods. He did not remember episodes about ingesting something that correlated with symptoms. The single-contrast esophagogram revealed subtotal obstruction of the cervical esophagus with barium outlining the polypoid-filling defect irregularly. After 18 hours later, the patient underwent endoscopic examination and at the direct esophagoscopic finding, the food materials mainly consisted of packed rice was filled in the cervical esophagus. After saline irrigation, a fish bone, which was about 50X9 mm, and looked like a knife was lodged just distal to the impacted food materials. The fish bone was removed successfully from the esophagus. The patient experienced dramatic relief of symptoms shortly after procedure.
Subject(s)
Aged , Humans , Barium , Deglutition Disorders , Esophageal Neoplasms , EsophagusABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: There have been growing interests about alopecia occured during childhood and adolescence in clinical practice. The purpose of this paper is to explore the clinical characteristics of early onset alopecia in order to establish effective psychiatric intervention strategy. METHODS: The subjects were 31 early onset alopecia patients(14 males, 17 females) and 62 late onset control patients(26 males, 36 females). These patients had visited psychiatric outpatient clinic consulted from the department of dermatology, Yongsan hopital, Chung Ang University, Seoul, Korea, from January 1998 to june 1999. The sociodemographic data, clinical pattern of alopecia, psychiatic characteristics, comorbid physical illnesses and treatment variables were assesed. The data was statistically analyzed using chi-squre test and t-test through SPSSWIN 9.0V. RESULTS: 1) Early onset alopecia patients were more likely born in autum, had fewer siblings, and showed higher economical level of both patient and their parents than late onset patients. 2) Early onset alopecia patients were more likely to show diffuse hair loss, had more experienced past history of alopecia, more frequently had recurrence more than 3 times, were more severely damaged, had longer duration of hair loss had more loss of hairs on the vertex area at onset of alopecia, had more loss of hairs more than 2 areas, and had poorer prognosis such as no change or exacerbation in spite of treatment, spontaneous withdrawal of tratment and lack of efficacy to treatment than late onset patients. 3) Early onset alopecia patients were poorer in their adjustment in family life, or interpersonal relations, and more suffered from school stress such as changes of school life or test stress related with school entrance examination than late onset patients. 4) Early onset alopecia patients were more likely to show serious psychopathology such as increased rate of the anxiety disorders, of anxiety symptoms or depressive symptoms, and of personality disorders including the histrionic or the passive traits than late onset patients. 5) Early onset alopecia patients were more likely showed dermatitis including seborrheic dermatitis, and more significantly responding to the treatment with anti-anxiety drug, such as alprazolam, and dermatological therapies including polytar or tretinin than late onset patients. CONCLULSION: These findings suggest that dermatologists, as primary care physicians, are in unique position to recognize psychiatric comorbidity and to execute earlier intervention, in collaboration with psychiatrists, of early onset alopecia patients.
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Humans , Male , Alopecia , Alprazolam , Ambulatory Care Facilities , Anxiety , Anxiety Disorders , Comorbidity , Cooperative Behavior , Depression , Dermatitis , Dermatitis, Seborrheic , Dermatology , Equidae , Hair , Interpersonal Relations , Korea , Parents , Personality Disorders , Physicians, Primary Care , Prognosis , Psychiatry , Psychopathology , Recurrence , Seoul , SiblingsABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: The present study was performed to reveal correlations between the severity of the alopecia and their alopecia related variables such as patterns of hair loss, psychiatric characteristics, associate illnesses, and methods of treatment and to use them as basic materials for proper manaement and early prevention of the alopecia prone cases. METHODS: In order to analyze correlation between the severity of psychopathogy and the severity of hair losses, the subjects were divided into two subgroups as the 60 case of alopecia areata and the 33 cases of alopecia totalis with more severely affected loss of hairs, who had visited to the department of psychiatry after they were consulted from the department of dermatology, Yongsan hopital, ChungAng University, Seoul, Korea, from January 1998 to December 1998. In data analysis, the subjects were statistically assesed by chi-squre test and T-test through SPSS-PC+ 8.0V. RESULTS: 1) Those with the more severely affected alopecia were more likely to visit to the department of dermatology in winter, and to show lower socioeconomical level in comparison to the alopecia areata. 2) Those with the more severely affected alopecia were more likely to show past history of alopecia, to recur frequently more than 3 times, to be damaged more severely, to have an younger mean age at onset of alopecia, to have longer total duration of hair loss than 2 years, to have longer recent duration of hair loss than 9 months, to have more loss of hairs on the vertex area at onset of alopecia, to have more loss of hairs in eyebrows, to have more loss of hairs more than 2 areas, to have more family history of alopecia in their parent, and to have poorer prognosis in comparison to those of the alopecia areata. 3) Psychosocial stress were positively correlated with the severity of loss of hairs. In the more severely affected alopecia group, their degree of stress were perceived higher. The more severely affected patients with alopecia , were poorer in their adjustment in family life,interpersonal relations or heterosexual relations, and suffered more from intrafamilial life changes in comparison to those of the alopecia areata group. 4) Those with the more severly affected alopecia were more likely to show serious psychopathology such as an increased rate of the depression, to complain more frequently with anxiety symptoms or depressive symptoms, to have personality disorders including the histrionic or the passive aggressive traits in comparison to the alopecia areata. 5) Those with the more severly affected alopecia were more likely to show neurotic MMPI code profiles such as histrionic or hypochondriacal trends. 6) Antianxiety drug such as alprazolam and drug therapies including tretinin,polytar or oral sorarens plus ultra-violet light A photochemotherapy were significantly more effective in the treatment of those with the more severly affected alopecia group. CONCLUSION: The most important factors in developing a psychopathologic reaction to the hair loss due to alopecia seems to be the presence of mental disorders including depression, the presence of stressful life events such as intrafamilial life changes, the presence of a significantly higher percentages of personality disorders such as the hysterical or the passive aggressive, and the presence of the psychosocial sequele and maladjustment in various life situations. From the above facts, the authors suggested that dermatologists acting as the primary care physician are in a unique position to recognize psychiatric comorbidity and execute meaningful intervention for patients with alopecia with psychiatrists.
Subject(s)
Humans , Alopecia Areata , Alopecia , Alprazolam , Anxiety , Climacteric , Comorbidity , Depression , Dermatology , Drug Therapy , Equidae , Eyebrows , Hair , Heterosexuality , Korea , Mental Disorders , MMPI , Parents , Personality Disorders , Photochemotherapy , Physicians, Primary Care , Prognosis , Psychiatry , Psychopathology , Seoul , Statistics as TopicABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: The dopamine-blocking effects and the associated side effects(amenorrhea, lactation, sexual dysfunct of classical antipsychotics in schizophrenic patients have been studied for a long time. The purpose of this study to find out these effects of new antipsychotics(risperidone, olanzapine) in schizophrenic patients treated with clinical relevant doses. METHOD: Plasma levels of both prolactin and testosterone were measured in 91 schizophrenic patients(28 taking haloperidol, 4-20mg/day ; 31 taking risperidone, 2-6mg/day/ 32 taking olanzapine, 5-20mg/day). RESULTS: In male schizophrenic patients, the prolactin levels of risperidone group(76.44+/-38.85ng/ml) and haloperidol group(60.26+/-20.74ng/ml) had no significant difference, but were significantly higher than that of olanzapine(26.90+/-5.36ng/ml). In female, the prolactin level of olanzapine group(36.66+/-17.55) was significantly lower than those of risperidone(121.7+/-.33) and haloperidol group(161.66+/-37.53). And prolactin level of risperdone group was lower than that of haloperidol group. While the testosterone plasma level of risperidone, haloperidol and olanzapine in both male and female schizophrenic patients had no significant difference. CONCLUSIONS: At doses known to be effective in popular clinical setting, prolactin level in patients taking risperidone we higher than that of haloperidol, while olanzapine showed no significant difference in terms of prolactin plasma level haloperidol. New antipsychotics may not influence the testosterone plasma level.
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Male , Antipsychotic Agents , Haloperidol , Lactation , Plasma , Prolactin , Risperidone , TestosteroneABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: This study was done to investigate the relationship between test anxiety and individual, socioenvironmental factors in adolescents. Also, this study assessed whether two components, worry and emotionality, of test anxiety were distinctly distinguished or not, and whether test anxiety was specific state anxiety limited to test situation or a part of general trait anxiety. METHODS: The subjects of this study were 880 middle and high school students in Seoul. To evaluate test anxiety level, we used Spielberg's Test Anxiety Inventory. For the evaluation of individual psychological factors, Rosenberg's self-esteem scale, Maudsley's Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory, Lee's the Korean version of Fear-Anxiety Survey Schedule for Children, and Ellis' Demand for Approval scale were applied. RESULTS: The results were as follows. 1) Test anxiety level was higher in girls, first grade middle school students, offspring's of high school graduate mother, and high economic class but there was no significant difference in school characteristics and residence location. 2) Test anxiety was correlated negatively with self-esteem, I.Q. and correlated positively with obsessive-compulsiveness, demand for approveness, especially general fear-anxiety(r=0.47). So although test anxiety occurs in test situation, test anxiety is a part of general trait anxiety affected by individual psychologic factors. 3) The better school achievement subjects showed the lower worry component of test anxiety. 4) Two components, worry and emotionality, of test anxiety were not distinctly distinguished in this study. CONCLUSION: In summary, first, Worry and Emotionality of test anxiety were not markedly different from according to adolescent's psychological factor, sociodemographic factor but performance achievement was significantly correlated with Worry of test anxiety. Second, although test anxiety was occurred in specific situations as test, test anxiety was affected individual psychological factor so defined by a series of anxiety disorder. Third, only Worry of test anxiety was correlated with performance achievement and Wory and Emotionality were correlated with psychological factor. Forth, mother's education level was significantly correlated with test anxiety, this means that mother has the wish to compensate the her inferiority through her offspring and mother strongly affect to adolescent's psychological state.
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Child , Female , Humans , Anxiety Disorders , Anxiety , Appointments and Schedules , Education , Mothers , Psychology , SeoulABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: The present study was performed to identify the socio-psychiatric aspects of adolescent criminal offences reported on daily newspapers and to use them as basic materials for prevention of adolescent criminal offences. METHODS: The author analysed 681 cases of adolescent criminal offenders, including 642 males and 39 females who reported on daily newspaper such as DongA Ilbo and Chung-Cheong Ilbo, aged from 12 through 21. In data analysis, the subjects were divided into two subgroups as the student(261 cases) and the non-student(420 cases). RESULTS: 1) The rate of student were more common in female and younger in their age group comparing with the non-student. Recently, the incidence of student's offences of all adolescent of offences were remarkably increased, while those of the non-student was Decreased. 2) Violence and theft or group offences were more common in the student, while felony or solitary offences were more frequently observed in the non-student. The more vulnerable time of criminal offences in the student were more in afternoon, while the non-student were more in midnight. 3) The psychological conflicts and the economical causes were the most ones in the student, while the curiosity, the personality problems and the heterosexual conflicts were more common in the lion-student. physical aggressions were more prominent ones in the student, compared with the instrumental aggression in the non-student. 4) The student committed offense more in the patterns of group offences with peers, younger in their age and were more often with their peer students, while the non-student committed offense more in the patterns of solitary crime, more prevalent with older aged jobless peers. 5) Most of the victims in the student were more abused to the intimate persons, and more younger students, while those in the non-student were more abused to the unknown persons and more older aged adolescents. CONCLUSION: In order to prevent and correct increasing trends of violence in school, nationwide guidance programs should be promptly applied through promotion of psychological wellbeing in family and school, proper guidance to peer relationship, and providing more opportunities for sound recreational activities in evening time to help dissipate the frustration of the adolescents.
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Female , Humans , Male , Aggression , Crime , Criminals , Exploratory Behavior , Frustration , Heterosexuality , Incidence , Korea , Periodical , Statistics as Topic , Theft , ViolenceABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: Sexual dysfunction has been frequently experienced by male alcoholics. The possible etiologies of the sexual problems in alcoholics has been known to be hormonal rather than neuropathic or psychosocial. The main purpose of our study was, therefore, to examine the different parameters of the hypothalamic -pituitary- gonadal awis(testosterone, estradiol, luteinizing hormone, follic1e-stimulating hormone ; HPG axis) in chronic alcoholic men. On the other hand, cortisol and prolactin were included because they could influence the HPG axis. METHODS: Serum concentrations of testosterone, estradiol, luteinizing hormone, follic1e-stimulating hormone, cortisol, and prolactin were measured in 15 male patients with alcohol dependence once during withdrawal and once after 21 days of abstinence. The results were compared with those of 12 healthy male volunteers. RESULTS: During withdrawal, luteinizing hormone, estradiol, cortisol and prolactin levels were significantly enhanced. Estradiol and cortisol concentrations fell significantly during abstinence, whereas luteinizing hormone and prolactin concentrations remained elevated. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that normal serum concentrations of testosterone were maintained in chronic alcoholic men without hepatic cirrhosis. In contrast to this, estrogen and prolactin concentrations seemed to be markedly enhanced. Whether this increase in estrogen and prolactin concentrations is implicated in different clinical and psychological symptoms seen in chronic alcoholics remains to be investigated.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Alcoholics , Alcoholism , Axis, Cervical Vertebra , Estradiol , Estrogens , Gonadal Steroid Hormones , Gonadotropins , Gonads , Hand , Hydrocortisone , Liver Cirrhosis , Luteinizing Hormone , Prolactin , Testosterone , VolunteersABSTRACT
No abstract available.
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Humans , Adolescent, Hospitalized , Mental DisordersABSTRACT
No abstract available.