A Radiographic Observation of the Kidney in the Normal Korean Adult / 대한비뇨기과학회지

The place of excretory urography in the diagnosis of both renal and extrarenal lesions has been firmly established. Radiographic findings of the kidney by means of excretory urogram is no less important than any other functional study in the evaluation of clinicalconditions, such as atrophic kidney, hydronephrosis, renal tumor, renal hypertension and polycystic kidney. The present investigation was undertaken to establish the morphological features of the normal kidney in Korean adults of both sexes, such as size (length and width), renovertebral angle and distance, number of calices and position in the renal pelvis. 200 cases of normal intravenous pyelography were subjected to the present investigation. These materials were randomly selected from the X-ray file of St. Vincent's Hospital covering the period from Jan. 1979 to Dec. l980. There were 96 males and 104 females of normal health, and the age ranged from 20 to 54 years old, showing comparatively even distribution. The results were as follows: 1. Length: The mean values in males were 12.50 cm for the right side and 12.95 cm for the left side and those in females were 11.99 cm for the right side and 12.43 cm for the left side. The figures for both sides were about 0.5 cm larger in males than in females and the left side was about 0.5 cm larger in both sexes than the right side. 2. Width: The mean values in males were 6.24 cm for the right side and 6.60 cm, for the left side and those in females were 6.07 cm for the right side and 6.38 cm for the left side. The figure for the left side were wider than the right side about 0.4 cm in males and 0.3 cm in females, but there were no significant differences between the left side and the right side in both sexes. 3. Renovertebral angle: The mean values in males were 15.39 degrees for the right side and 15.40 degrees for the left side and in females the figures were 13.34 degrees for the right side and 13.47 degrees for the left side. There were no significant differences between the right and the left side in both sexes, but the angle in both sides were about 2 larger in the male than in the females. 4. Renovertebral distance: The mean values in males were 5.9 cm for the right side and 6.01 cm for the left side and in females the figures were 5.05 cm for the right side and 5.09 cm for the left side. There were no significant differences between the right and left and left side in both sexes, but the distance in both sides were about 0.9 cm larger in the males than in the females. 5. Number of the calices: The number of major calices was 2 to 4 and that of minor calices 5 to 13. The number of minor calices was 7 to 10 in 357 kidneys (89.3%). 6. Position in renal pelvis: An intrarenal pelvis was found in 263 cases (65.8%)and an extrarenal pelvis was seen in 137 cases (34.2%).

A Case of Partial Renal Infarction due to Trauma / 대한비뇨기과학회지

One case of renal infarction due to trauma in a 26 years old male patient, which was treated with partial nephrectomy, was presented with the brief review of literature.

Clinical Observation on Bladder Rupture / 대한비뇨기과학회지

A clinical observation was made on 26 cases of bladder rupture (16 patient had intraperitoneal rupture and 10 patient had extraperitoneal rupture) in the Department of Urology, Catholic Medical College from Jan. 1972 to Feb. 1981. The following results were obtained: 1. The bladder rupture was 26 cases (12.0%) of 217 urogenital injuries. 2. The 26 patient comprised 20 males and 6 female cases. Nine patients were belong to the age group of 31 to 40 years old, 8 Cases were 41 to 50 years old and 5 cases were 21 to 30 years old. 3. Traffic accidents were responsible for the injury in 10 patients, direct blow in 6 patients, industrial accidents in 5 patients and spontaneous bladder ruptures were seen in 2 patients. 4. The major clinical manifestations of bladder rupture were hematuria (20 patients, 76.9%) and abdominal pain and distension(12 patients, 46.2%). 5. Of the 26 patients, 15 had associated fractured pelvis, 7 had fractured extremity, 6 had urethral rupture, 3 had intestinal injury and 3 had skull fracture. 6. Diagnosis was made by retrograde cystography, laparatomy and cystoscopy. Twenty cases (76.9%) was diagnosed by retrograde cystography. 7. Four patients with intraperitoneal rupture and 6 patients with extraperitoneal rupture were treated by operative repair Of the defect with suprapubic cystostomy and drainage of the perivesical space. Twelve patients with intraperitoneal rupture and 2 patients with extraperitoneal rupture were treated by operative repair of the defect with indwelling urethral catheter and drainage of the perivesical space. The remaining 2 patients of extraperitoneal bladder rupture were treated by indwelling urethral catheter for7 to 10 days. 8. There was a 7.7% mortality rate.

A Case of Calyceal Diverticulum Treated by Partial Nephrectomy / 대한비뇨기과학회지

Calyceal diverticula are eventrations of the upper collecting system, lying within the renal parenchyma, communicating with the main collecting system via a narrow channel and lining by transitional tell epithelium. Most are asyptomatic and rarely require any form of treatment but complicated one needs surgical correction. We experienced one case of calyceal diverticulum associated with stone in 47 year old man. This calyceal diverticulum was removed by partial nephrectomy.