ABSTRACT
A incidência da Síndrome da Imunodeficiência Adquirida (AIDS) continua a aumentar em nosso país, mesmo com o avanço da Terapia antirretroviral (TARV) e a diminuição da mortalidade. Assim, aspectos relacionados ao cuidado destes pacientes tornam-se relevantes, especialmente quanto ao papel das equipes de saúde provedoras da atenção. O objetivo deste trabalho foi identificar particularidades relacionadas ao cuidado das pessoas com HIV/AIDS em um centro de referência de um município da Foz do Rio Itajaí-Açu, Santa Catarina Brasil. Foi realizado um estudo qualitativo com coleta de dados por meio de grupo focal e utilizada a técnica de análise de conteúdo temático para avaliação e apresentação dos resultados. Identificaram-se duas grandes categorias, com suas respectivas subcategorias sendo: aspectos promotores de cuidado (acolhimento no serviço de saúde, trabalho em equipe, entendimento/aceitação da doença, presença de rede de apoio, existência de grupos nos serviços, atenção individual do profissional e tratamento medicamentoso) e aspectos dificultadores do cuidado (baixo número de profissionais; falta de ambiência/espaço físico adequado no serviço; sigilo/estigma do local e gestão dos serviços). Conclui-se que o cuidado do paciente com HIV/AIDS apresenta dimensões que extrapolam o conhecimento técnico sobre a doença, devendo considerar aspectos relacionados à vida da pessoa, na qual a organização do serviço de saúde apresenta papel determinante. Aspectos estruturais e de gestão também foram identificados como importantes na adesão ao tratamento e no cuidado desses pacientes.
The incidence of Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) continues to increase in our country in despite of theadvanceof antiretroviraltherapy (ART) anddecreasedmortality. Thus, related aspects to the care of these patients become relevant, especially about the role of health careproviders. The objective of this study was to identify aspects related to the care of people with HIV/AIDS, in a reference center of a city of Foz do Rio Itajaí-Açu, Santa Catarina - Brazil. A qualitative study was conducted with data collection with a focus group, and the thematic content analysis technique wasused for analysis and presentation of results. Two major categories related to the care of people with HIV/AIDS were identified, with their respective subcategories: care-promoting aspects (health service reception, teamwork, understanding / acceptance of the disease, presence of support network, existence of groups in this service, individual professional attention and drugtreatment) and aspects that hinder the care (low number of professionals; missing ambience/suitable physical space in the service; confidentiality / stigma of the placeand management of the services. It is concluded that the care of patients with HIV/AIDS hás dimensions which go beyond the technical knowledge about the disease, and aspects related to the person's life should be considered, which the organization of the health service plays a determining role. Structural and management aspects were also identified as important aspects that interfere in the patient adherence and care.
ABSTRACT
ABSTRACT Itajaí is a port city in southern Brazil with one of the highest incidence and mortality rates from AIDS in the country. The prevalence and incidence of HIV infection were investigated in 1085 of 3196 new HIV-1 infection cases evaluated in the counseling and testing center of Itajaí from January 2002 to August 2008. Recent infections were assessed using the BED(tm), and polregion sequencing was performed in 76 samples. The prevalence ranged from 3.08% to 6.17% among women and from 10.26% to 17.36% among men. A total of 17% of infections were classified as recent, with annual incidence varying from 1.6% to 4.8 per 100 patient/year among women and from 2.05% to 8.5 per 100 patient/year among men. Pol sequences were obtained from 38 randomly recent infections selected individuals: 71% were infected by subtype C, 24% B, 2% D, and 2% F1. Among 38 subjects with established infection, 76% were subtype C, and 24% B. Transmitted drug resistance was detected in 18.4% of recent infection subjects (7.8% to nucleoside analog reverse-transcriptase inhibitors, 5.2% to non-nucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitors, and 5.2% protease inhibitors) and 5.2% of subjects with established infection had nucleoside analog reverse-transcriptase inhibitors resistance. The high prevalence and incidence of HIV infection in this region is unprecedented in studies involving cases evaluated in the counseling and testing centers in Brazil.