ABSTRACT
Gaze or eye movements are used as a communication interface in daily life. Herein, we developed a simple method for gaze estimations based on planar approximations of voltage ratios calculated from multiple electro-oculogram signals not affected by drift phenomena, which decrease accuracy. Subsequently, we conducted simulations using an eyeball battery model and investigated the effects of adjusting electrode arrangements, determination coefficients for planar approximations of voltage ratios, and threshold values for angles between simultaneous linear equations, to improve the estimation accuracy and decreased the number of required electrodes. Numerical experiments were used to identify arrangements of six electrodes with errors that were approximately 5° less than those of nine-electrode L-shaped arrangements, indicating improved estimation accuracy with fewer electrodes.