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2.
Adv Rheumatol ; 63: 23, 2023. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1447160

ABSTRACT

Abstract Introduction The deficiency of ADA2 (DADA2) is a rare autoinflammatory disease provoked by mutations in the ADA2 gene inherited in a recessive fashion. Up to this moment there is no consensus for the treatment of DADA2 and anti-TNF is the therapy of choice for chronic management whereas bone marrow transplantation is considered for refractory or severe phenotypes. Data from Brazil is scarce and this multicentric study reports 18 patients with DADA2 from Brazil. Patients and methods This is a multicentric study proposed by the Center for Rare and Immunological Disorders of the Hospital 9 de Julho - DASA, São Paulo - Brazil. Patients of any age with a confirmed diagnosis of DADA2 were eligible for this project and data on clinical, laboratory, genetics and treatment were collected. Results Eighteen patients from 10 different centers are reported here. All patients had disease onset at the pediatric age (median of 5 years) and most of them from the state of São Paulo. Vasculopathy with recurrent stroke was the most common phenotype but atypical phenotypes compatible with ALPS-like and Common Variable Immunodeficiency (CVID) was also found. All patients carried pathogenic mutations in the ADA2 gene. Acute management of vasculitis was not satisfactory with steroids in many patients and all those who used anti-TNF had favorable responses. Conclusion The low number of patients diagnosed with DADA2 in Brazil reinforces the need for disease awareness for this condition. Moreover, the absence of guidelines for diagnosis and management is also necessary (t).

6.
Einstein (Säo Paulo) ; 15(1): 1-16, Jan.-Mar. 2017. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-840298

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT In the last few years, new primary immunodeficiencies and genetic defects have been described. Recently, immunoglobulin products with improved compositions and for subcutaneous use have become available in Brazil. In order to guide physicians on the use of human immunoglobulin to treat primary immunodeficiencies, based on a narrative literature review and their professional experience, the members of the Primary Immunodeficiency Group of the Brazilian Society of Allergy and Immunology prepared an updated document of the 1st Brazilian Consensus, published in 2010. The document presents new knowledge about the indications and efficacy of immunoglobulin therapy in primary immunodeficiencies, relevant production-related aspects, mode of use (routes of administration, pharmacokinetics, doses and intervals), adverse events (major, prevention, treatment and reporting), patient monitoring, presentations available and how to have access to this therapeutic resource in Brazil.


RESUMO Nos últimos anos, novas imunodeficiências primárias e defeitos genéticos têm sido descritos. Recentemente, produtos de imunoglobulina, com aprimoramento em sua composição e para uso por via subcutânea, tornaram-se disponíveis em nosso meio. Com o objetivo de orientar o médico no uso da imunoglobulina humana para o tratamento das imunodeficiências primárias, os membros do Grupo de Assessoria em Imunodeficiências da Associação Brasileira de Alergia e Imunologia produziram um documento que teve por base uma revisão narrativa da literatura e sua experiência profissional, atualizando o I Consenso Brasileiro publicado em 2010. Apresentam-se novos conhecimentos sobre indicações e eficácia do tratamento com imunoglobulina nas imunodeficiências primárias, aspectos relevantes sobre a produção, forma de utilização (vias de administração, farmacocinética, doses e intervalos), efeitos adversos (principais efeitos, prevenção, tratamento e notificação), monitorização do paciente, apresentações disponíveis e forma de obtenção deste recurso terapêutico em nosso meio.


Subject(s)
Humans , Immunoglobulins/therapeutic use , Consensus , Immunologic Factors/therapeutic use , Administration, Cutaneous , Brazil , Treatment Outcome , Administration, Intravenous , Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes , Immunologic Factors/supply & distribution
7.
Arq. Asma, Alerg. Imunol ; 1(1): 109-113, jan.mar.2017. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1380322

ABSTRACT

Linfocitopenia CD4 idiopática (LCI) é uma imunodeficiência rara e grave caracterizada por uma diminuição inexplicável da contagem absoluta de linfócitos T CD4, a qual está associada a infecções oportunistas. Existem poucos relatos de casos na literatura que descrevem a IL2 como uma opção terapêutica em infecções oportunistas associadas à LCI. Relatamos os benefícios da adição de IL2 ao tratamento padrão em um paciente com ICL e infecções oportunistas. Um homem de 38 anos de idade foi internado por acidente vascular cerebral isquêmico devido à vasculite infecciosa. A análise do líquido cefalorraquidiano mostrou meningite neutrofílica. Cultura e PCR foram positivos para Mycobacterium tuberculosis. A tomografia de tórax foi compatível com tuberculose pulmonar. O paciente também apresentava candidíase oral, onicomicose e dermatite seborreica. A contagem de células sanguíneas mostrou linfocitopenia. O tratamento padronizado para tuberculose disseminada (RIPE) e fluconazol foram iniciados e mantidos em casa após a alta do paciente. Após cinco meses de seguimento, o paciente foi encaminhado ao imunologista clínico, pois não apresentava melhora clínica significativa, tendo sido hospitalizado diversas vezes. A avaliação imunológica mostrou uma contagem sanguínea de CD4 T consistentemente inferior a 100 células/mm3 e o diagnóstico de LCI foi confirmado (linfocitopenia inexplicável com menos de 300 células/mm3 ou menos de 20% de células T CD4+ em mais de uma ocasião com pelo menos 2 meses de intervalo). O paciente também apresentava episódios raros de linfocitopenia de células B e hipogamaglobulinemia, tendo recebido gamaglobulina. Como tratamento adjuvante, a IL2 subcutânea foi associada ao tratamento padronizado. Até agora, o paciente recebeu cinco ciclos consecutivos de IL2, mostrando melhora clínica e aumento da contagem de células T CD4 no sangue, atingindo um valor máximo de 401 células/mm3. As células CD8, B e natural killer também aumentaram. Novas análises do líquido cefalorraquidiano foram normais, e a cultura de Mycobacterium tuberculosis e a PCR foram negativas. Nosso paciente com infecções oportunistas associadas à LCI apresentou evolução laboratorial e clínica favoráveis após a adição de IL2 ao tratamento padrão. Este relato de caso apoia o uso de IL2 como um coadjuvante seguro e potencialmente eficaz para infecções oportunistas associadas à LCI. O caso destaca a importância da avaliação e acompanhamento de pacientes com suspeita de imunodeficiência por imunoalergologistas.


Idiopathic CD4 T lymphocytopenia (ICL) is a rare and severe immunodeficiency disorder characterized by an unexplained decrease of absolute CD4 T-lymphocyte cell counts, which is associated with opportunistic infections. There are few case reports in the literature describing the use of interleukin 2 (IL2) as a therapeutic option in ICL-associated opportunistic infections. We report the benefits of adding IL2 to the standard treatment in a patient with ICL and opportunistic infections. A 38-year-old male patient was admitted with ischemic stroke due to infectious vasculitis. Cerebrospinal fluid analysis revealed neutrophilic meningitis. Culture and PCR were positive for Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Chest CT was compatible with pulmonary tuberculosis. The patient also presented oral candidiasis, onychomycosis, and seborrheic dermatitis. Blood cell count revealed lymphocytopenia. Standardized treatment for disseminated tuberculosis (RIPE therapy) and fluconazole were initiated and maintained at home after the patient's discharge. After five months of follow-up, the patient was referred to a clinical immunologist, due to the absence of significant clinical improvement, with multiple hospitalizations over the follow-up period. Immunological assessment showed CD4 T cell counts consistently below 100 cells/mm3, and the diagnosis of ICL was confirmed (unexplained lymphocytopenia with less than 300 cells/mm3 or less than 20% of CD4+ T cells on more than one occasion at least 2 months apart). The patient also presented rare episodes of B cell lymphocytopenia and hypogammaglobulinemia, treated with gammaglobulin. As an adjuvant treatment, subcutaneous IL2 was added to the standard treatment. So far the patient underwent five consecutive cycles of IL2, showing clinical improvement and increased CD4 T cell counts, reaching a maximum value of 401 cells/mm3. CD8, B and natural killer cells also increased. New cerebrospinal fluid analyses were normal, and new Mycobacterium tuberculosis culture and PCR were negative. Our patient had opportunistic infections associated with ICL and presented favorable laboratory and clinical outcomes after the association of IL2 to the standard treatment. This case report supports the use of IL2 as a safe and potentially effective adjuvant treatment for ICL-associated opportunistic infections. The case highlights the importance of immunological assessment and follow-up of patients with suspected immunodeficiency.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , History, 21st Century , Tuberculosis, Pulmonary , Vasculitis , Interleukin-2 , T-Lymphocytopenia, Idiopathic CD4-Positive , Ischemic Stroke , Mycobacterium tuberculosis , Therapeutics , Blood Cell Count , Opportunistic Infections , Diagnosis
8.
Braz. dent. j ; 27(6): 641-645, Nov.-Dec. 2016. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-828075

ABSTRACT

Abstract Oral manifestations of common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) are rare, have rarely been studied and have given controversial results. There are few data about IgA, IgG, and IgM antibody salivary levels in the literature, and there are few papers about the clinical impact of antibody deficiencies and CVID on the oral health of such patients. The aim of this study was to measure serum and salivary IgA, IgG, and IgM levels in CVID participants and controls, and to associate immunoglobulin levels with caries and periodontal disease. This was a case-control study involving 51 CVID individuals and 50 healthy controls. All participants underwent examination for dental caries and periodontal disease. Blood and whole saliva samples were collected on the same day of the oral examination. Serum IgA, IgM, and IgG levels were measured by turbidimetry and salivary IgA, IgM, and IgG titers were assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Incidences of caries and gingivitis were significantly higher in the CVID group than in the control group (p<0.05). Salivary and blood IgA and IgM titers were significantly reduced in the CVID group, but there was no association of salivary immunoglobulin levels with periodontal disease or with caries incidence (p>0.05 for both). Although CVID was associated with increased susceptibility to caries and gingivitis, it was not associated with low salivary levels of IgA and IgM.


Resumo As manifestações orais em pacientes com imunodeficiência comum variável (ICV) têm sido pouco estudadas e com resultados variados. Há escassos dados na literatura sobre os níveis de IgA, IgG e IgM na saliva, e pouco se sabe sobre o impacto clínico da deficiência destes anticorpos sobre a saúde bucal de pacientes com ICV. O objetivo deste estudo foi medir os níveis séricos e salivares de IgA, IgG e IgM em indivíduos com ICV e controles, e associar os níveis de imunoglobulinas com cárie e doença periodontal. Este foi um estudo de caso-controle, envolvendo 51 indivíduos ICV e 50 controles saudáveis. Todos os participantes foram examinados para cárie e doença periodontal. As amostras de sangue e saliva foram coletadas no mesmo dia do exame intraoral. Os níveis de IgA, IgM e IgG foram medidos por turbidimetria, e os títulos salivares de IgA, IgM e IgG foram avaliados através método imunoenzimático (ELISA). As incidências de cáries e gengivite foram significativamente maiores no grupo ICV do que no grupo controle (p<0,05). Os níveis de IgA e IgM salivares e no sangue foram significativamente reduzidos no grupo ICV, porém não houve associação dos níveis de imunoglobulina salivar com doença periodontal ou com a incidência de cárie (p>0,05 para ambos). Embora ICV foi associado com um aumento da susceptibilidade à cárie e gengivite, não estava associado com baixos níveis salivares de IgA e IgM.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Young Adult , Common Variable Immunodeficiency/metabolism , Immunoglobulins/metabolism , Saliva/metabolism , Case-Control Studies
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