ABSTRACT
A validity test of a Food Frequency Questionnaire was carried out using 50 students of health occupation in São Paulo, Brazil. Therefore, a three day dietary record was used as reference method and variables such as energy, macronutrients and dietary fiber were analyzed. The accordance between the Food Frequency Questionnaire and average data from dietary record was tested with kappa statistics and intra-class correlation coefficients (ICC). Limits of agreement were estimated by the Bland-Altman's method. Better results were found for calories (ICC 0.43; 95%CI 0.17 - 0.63) and non-energy-adjusted nutrients, except dietary fiber (ICC 0.34; 95%CI 0.07 - 0.56). The percentage of individuals classified in the same category of consumption was nearly half (49.8%), while only 16% of them were classified in opposite categories. With the exception of lipids, other analyzed variables tended to be overestimated by the Food Frequency Questionnaire. The Food Frequency Questionnaire is recommended as a method of assessing food intake of university students in studies which focuson calorie estimates and also intend to classify groups into intake categories.
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Male , Diet Records , Surveys and Questionnaires , Students , UniversitiesABSTRACT
Food intake studies on women have shown inadequacies in the consumption of nutrients, especially when calcium is concerned. Therefore, calciumin take of breast feeding women was assessed and compared to the Institute of Medicine (1997) recommendations, considering the women's nutritional requirements. Secondary data of 46 exclusively breastfeeding women were analyzed regarding food intake, collected from a validated food frequency questionnaire, and also socio-economic and anthropometric data. Statistical tests such as Student's t and ANOVA were performed,considering a 5% level of significance. As for the results, it could be observed that the mean macro nutrient consumption as well as calcium intake did not differ according to socio-economic or anthropometric variables. Besides, calcium intake was much lower (659.8mg) than the latest recommendation (1000mg), which suggests the need for health politicies that could encourage its intake by the population, particularly breastfeeding women.
Estudios de evaluación de consumo de alimentos en mujeres han mostrado inadecuación nutricional, especialmente en relación al calcio. Por esto, fue controlado el consumo de este nutriente en un grupo de mujeres durante lalactancia, a fin de determinar si está adecuado con las recomendaciones del Institute of Medicine (1997), para mujeres durante esta fase. Se utilizaron datos secundarios de 46 mujeres con lactancia materna exclusiva en relación con el consumo de alimentos, por medio del cuestionario de frecuencia de consumo de alimentos, características sociodemográficas y antropométricas. Las pruebas estadísticas utilizadas fueron Test t de Student y ANOVA, conun nivel de significancia de 5%. Se observó que el consumo promedio diario de macronutrientes y calcio no varían en función de los factores sociodemográficos y antropométricos analizados. Por otra parte, se constató que la ingestión de calcio (659,8mg) fue menor que la recomendada actualmente (1000mg), lo que sugiere la necesidad de programas que fomenten un mayor consumo de este nutriente en la población, especialmente de lactantes.
Estudos de avaliação do consumo de alimentos em mulheres têm mostrado inadequações nutricionais, especialmente no tocante ao cálcio. Desse modo, avaliou-se o consumo deste nutriente em mulheres na fase de lactação, de forma a identificar se o mesmo encontrava-se adequado às recomendações, de acordo com o Institute of Medicine (1997), considerando as necessidades nutricionais da mulher. Foram utilizados dados secundários de 46 mulheres em aleitamento materno exclusivo com relação ao consumo alimentar, a partir do questionário de frequência alimentar, características sociodemográficas e antropométricas. Foram realizados os testes estatísticos t de Student e ANOVA, com nível de significância de 5%. Observou-se que a média do consumo diário de macronutrientes e cálcio não variou de acordo com as variáveis sociodemográficas e antropométricas analisadas. Além disso, verificou-se que a ingestão de cálcio (659,8mg) foi inferior à recomendada atualmente (1000mg), o que sugere a necessidade de programas que incentivem o aumento no consumo desse nutriente entre a população, especialmente a de lactantes.