ABSTRACT
Introduction: In the 21st Century,a large proportion of India’s population belongs to the younger age groupthat’s why called Young India. Before being diagnosed as diabetic, the individual goes through the pre-diabetic period or impaired glucose tolerance phase for almost 4- 5 years which includes acute episodesof hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia. These acute episodes may lead to micro-vascular diseases resultingin deficits in cardiorespiratory endurance and neurophysiological variables. Targeting young Type 2 DiabetesMellitus (T2DM) patients with exercise therapy may delay the onset and complications and provide them witha better quality of life. Therefore, the present study has assessed, in a randomized manner, the impact ofexercise therapy on cardiorespiratory endurance and neurophysiological functions in young adults of agegroup 20-45 years with T2DM.Objectives: To study the effects of six months structured exercise therapy on cardiorespiratory enduranceand neurophysiological variables in young adults of age 20-45 years with newly diagnosed T2DM on dietarycontrol and anti-diabetic drug of age groupMaterial & Methods: The study was conducted in the Research Laboratory, Department of Physiology onnewly diagnosed asymptomatic patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus of age group 20-45 years. Studyparticipants were recruited from the OPD, Department of Medicine, KLE’s Dr. Prabhakar Kore Hospital andResearch Centre. Recruitment started from the period of April 2017 ended in October 2018 Ethical approvalwas obtained from the institutional ethical committee. Written Informed consent was obtained from allparticipants. The patients were enrolled as per inclusion criteria and then randomly divided into diabeticcontrols and Interventional group. The interventional group was given six months of structured exerciseprogram consisting of aerobic and resistance exercises. The primary study variables were Cardio-respiratoryEndurance variables viz; Physical Fitness Index (PFI) and Maximal oxygen uptake (VO2 maximum) andNeuro- Physiological Variables viz; Nerve Conduction Velocity (NCV) and Audio-Visual Reaction Time (ARTand VRT). The data were collected at baseline and 6th months for both groups and 2nd, 4th month for theinterventional group.
ABSTRACT
Eighty one patients with ischemic heart disease divided in four groups (group 1, n = 24, without ischemia; group II, n = 20, myocardial ischemia before invasive procedure; group III, n = 18, myocardial ischemia during invasive procedure, group IV, n = 19, myocardial ischemia before and during the invasive procedure) were studied at rest, by bicycle ergometric exercise test and cardiac catheterisation (including selective coronary angiography) to assess the response of autonomic nervous system as judged by the non-invasive parameters of myocardial oxygen demand. Patients in group II and IV had increased double product before the invasive procedure, diminished coronary reserve and left ventricular ejection performance although the vessel involvement in these groups was similar to that of other two groups. Patients with ischemic heart disease manifest different degree of myocardial ischemia before and during cardiac catheterisation depending upon the activity of autonomic nervous system.
Subject(s)
Adult , Coronary Disease/diagnosis , Electrocardiography , Exercise Test , Cardiac Catheterization/methods , Humans , Male , Middle AgedABSTRACT
To explore relationship between hypertrophy of left ventricle and its shape, blood supply and calcium turnover, the study enrolled 105 male patients with ischemic heart disease or those suspected of its presence. All patients underwent contrast coronary ventriculography, M-mode echocardiography and sectorial scanning. Moderately limited myocardial blood supply was found to be a factor, stimulating its local hypertrophy. In the event of severely impaired blood supply, no substantial myocardial hypertrophy is detectable in corresponding regions, while dynamic observation not infrequently reveals thinning of the wall. Patients with intact coronary arteries, and having more elongated shape of left ventricular cavity, demonstrate larger thickness of walls along the long axis, that is probably due to dependence of intramyocardial tension on the radius of the wall curvature. While performing ventriculography in the patients with hypertrophic myocardium, disclosed elevated level of calcium in the blood and enhanced calcium uptake by cardiac muscle versus patients without left ventricular hypertrophy.