ABSTRACT
A method has been developed for determining the major constituents of the plant commonly known in Thailand as “fah-talai-joan”, Andrographis paniculata (Burm.f) Wall. Ex Nees by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC); its constituents are andrographolide, neoandrographolide and 14-deoxy-11, 12-didehydroandro-grapholide. The reverse phase HPLC system consisted of a Lichrosorb R8 column, and acetonotrile/H2O/ethanol (21/56/20, v/v) as the mobile phase. The column effluent was monitored by a UV-detector at the 205 nm wave-length. The correlation of calibration curve of the lactones was r=0.9998, whereas the reproducibility study gave the percent C.V. of about 5 percent. With this analytical method, pharmacokinetics study of fah-talai-joan in both in situ and in vivo models was undertaken. It was found that 14-deoxy-11, 12-didehydroandro-grapholide was rapidly absorbed and neoandropholide was the poorest absorption compound. Andrographolide was administered orally to rats, the drug plasma concentration showed absorption with a rate constant of 0.0078 min.-1 Maxinum drug plasma level of 1.76 g/ml was observed at 2.04 hours after oral administration. The elimination half-life in rate was 1.34 hours. The developed analytical procedure as well as the pharmacokinetic parameters obtained from this investigation provide valuable information of future clinical efficacy studied of fah-talai-joan.
ABSTRACT
Method development for the determination of major constituents from Khamin-chan, Curcuma longa Linn., which are curcumin (CI), demethoxycurcumin (CII) and bisdemethoxycurcumin (CIII) by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) has been developed. The reverse phase HPLC system consisted of a Dupont Zorbax ODS column, and 36% tetrahydrofuran (THF) in 10% glacial acetic acid as a mobile phase. The column effluent was monitored by a Jasco FP-210 Spectrofluorometer detector with Ex = 420 nm, and Em = 530 nm. The correlation of calibration curve of CI, CII and CIII were excellent with their r’s value 0.99 in all cases. The reproducibility study gave a very good results with the percent C.V. of about 5 percent or less for all three curcuminoids. With this analytical procedure, pharmacokinetic study of Khamin-chan in in situ model was undertaken. It was found that all three curcuminoids were poorly absorbed. About 60-70 percent of curcumins were absorbed within 30 minutes. While there was no statistical difference in the absorption rate between CI and CII, the poorest absorption compound was found to be CIII.
ABSTRACT
The bioavailability of Elixir Theophylline (Siriraj Hospital Formula) and Table Aminophylline (The Government Pharmaceutical Association) was compared with Elixir Quibron in Thai asthmatic children. The mean rate of absorption and the extent of drug absorption were not significantly different for local made drugs, compared with that of an imported one. With regards to the mean maximum serum levels (Cmax) and time to maximum serum level (Tmax) values, there were also no significant differences between two local preparations and an innovative one. Thus, the results suggest that the local made theophylline drugs possess the same efficacy as the imported drug.