ABSTRACT
Splenic abcess is a rare clinical entity with an incidence of 0.2 to 0.7 % in autopsy based studies. Untreated, a splenic abscess is associated with nearly 100% mortality. An 44 year old male was admitted with fever and fatigue for three weeks and abdominal pain for two weeks was found to have large splenic abscesses on imaging studies. Extensive workup revealed no evidence of hematogenous spread from an endovascular source, no septic emboli in other organs and no proof of local spread from an infectious origin within the abdomen.Our case introduces an unusal presentation of splenic abscess without well described pathophysiologic mechanism to support their etiology.
ABSTRACT
Maximum Voluntary Ventilation (MVV) test is an objective dynamic method of measuring the working capacity of respiratory muscles. Therefore, we designed the present study to determine the effect imposed by diabetes mellitus (Type 2) on respiratory muscle endurance in Jammu diabetic patients. In the present study, 100 diabetic patients of 50 Type I and 50 Type 2 and 50 healthy control. MVV showed significant decrease in male diabetic patients on oral medication. The findings suggest that there is significant decrease of respiratory muscle endurance in male diabetics on oral medication.
ABSTRACT
To find out the relationship between serum ferritin (SF) & serum insulin (SI) levels in type-2 DM and to study the influence of body iron stores on various biochemical parameters and diabetic complications. Settings and Design: Postgraduate Department of Medicine in tertiary care hospital in North India. Observational study. A total of 50 obese type-2 diabetic patients were selected randomly and were compared with an equal number of age, sex, BMI matched controls to find out co-relation between SF and SI levels. Influence of body iron stores on various biochemical parameters like Hb(A1c), total cholesterol(TC),Triglyceride(TG), high density lipoprotein (HDL), uric acid (UA) and low density lipoprotein (LDL) as well as development on diabetic complications was also studied.A directly proportional relationship was found between SF and SI levels. The correlation between SF and SI was significant. Diabetics with increased level of SF had significantly poor glycemic control reflected by higher levels of Hb(A1c). Significant relationship was found between increased SF and increased TC, TG and UA except LDL levels in diabetic patients and with decreased serum HDL levels. A similar relationship was evident between increased SF and nephropathy, retinopathy neuropathy and hypertension, where as, there was non significant relationship found between increased SF and peripheral vascular disease and ischemic heart disease.It is clear from the present study that increased SF levels are associated with increased SI levels reflecting insulin resistance, poor glycemic control and complications of type-2 DM.
ABSTRACT
HIV/AIDS is a disease that affects families in a profound and tragic way affecting family structure by erasing decades of health, economic, social progress and reducing life expectancy. There is limited empirical data on HIV/AIDS affected families.The present one and half year prospective study was conducted to identify HIV/AIDS existing in families. HIV/AIDS cases were diagnosed as per the NACO, 2000 criteria.The present study enrolled a total 230 HIV/AIDS patients. 65.21 % (150) of the patients were married and 34.78% (80) were unmarried. Among total unmarried population 27.39% (63) and 6.52% (17) were adults and pediatric population respectively. Among total pediatric population 4 were orphan, 3 were partially orphan with mother alive and 10 were with both parents alive but both positive for HIV/AIDS. Among total married 13.04% (30) were widow/widowers who had lost their spouse, whereas those living with live partner were 52.17% (120) forming a total of 60 pairs of couples. Among these 60 couples 40 of them were both positive for HIV/AIDS, in 15, single partner was positive with interesting finding in one case where male was negative and female was positive and mode of transmission was unclear and in another 5 status of spouse was not known due to unknown reasons. Among 40 couples where both partners were affected, 3 couples were isolated where complete family ie all children were affected by HIV/AIDS; in another 20 couples children’s were not affected; in 4 couples children were partially affected i.e. some children’s were affected; in 9 couples status of their children’s were not evident and another 4 couples were without any issue.The results of present study suggest HIV/ AIDS affects whole family and not an individual and thus whole family should be screened, evaluated, treated and educated for HIV/ AIDS.