ABSTRACT
Background: Prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus shows wide variation across our country. From the recent studies, it is observed that incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus in antenatal women is increasing globally and India is not an exception from this. Gestational diabetes mellitus should be considered as a serious risk factor for both mother and baby as it affects two generations by having chance of developing diabetes and its related complications in future.Methods: A total of 585 pregnant women with 24 to 28 weeks of gestational age were recruited for the study. The study population was divided into four groups based on the age range; Group I include antenatal women with age <20 years, Group II includes antenatal women of age range 21-24 years, Group III includes antenatal women of age range 25-29 years, and Group IV includes antenatal women of age range ≥30 years.Results: In the present study GDM was diagnosed in 94 women among 585 antenatal women screened for GDM (16.06%). Majority of the studied population are in the age range of 20-29 years (441/585, 75.38%). The mean age of participants was 27.54±3.58 years (range 18-34 years). The prevalence of GDM was higher in the group of women aged ≥30 years (Group IV) followed by ≤20 years (Group I) (23.21% and 15.62% respectively) compared to the groups II and III (14.78% and 13.74% respectively). This observation was found to be statistically significant (p<0.001). Among 585 patients, delivery outcome was 100% successful, all delivered live babies, among them 64 patients delivered babies with macrosomia (11%).Conclusions: The study showed GDM prevalence of 16.06% from the neighboring rural villages attending our teaching hospital.
ABSTRACT
Background: Adolescents constitute about 21% of India’s population. Realizing the special needs of adolescents, GOI launched the adolescent reproductive and sexual health (ARSH) program in 2006. ‘Yuva’ clinic was established for the first time in Bihar in 2012 at Patna Medical College for providing services as per ARSH protocols. This study aimed at analyzing the biosocial and awareness profile of the adolescent clients vis a vis ARSH strategy, and the utilization of services at the clinic.Methods: Cross-sectional study using semi-structured questionnaire.Results: Total of 1180 adolescents (950 males, 230 females) was studied. Sixty-six percent males, 74.8% females were urban; about 90% were unmarried. Majority were from upper middle class. No females but 66.6% and 86.7% of males were taking alcohol and tobacco respectively. More than 90% of attendees reported regular physical exercise; 36.8% males and 58% females had abnormal BMIs. Seventy-six percent were nutritionally aware, 24.06% aware about reproductive and sexual health (RSH), and 64.74% about ARSH services. Rural and SES were significantly associated with the adolescents’ awareness of nutrition, RSH, and services available. Females had significantly more knowledge regarding RSH. Sixty-seven percent availed counseling services and 1.35% was referred, 50.6% came for clinical services out of which 69.8% remained unmet.Conclusions: ARSH clinic is a useful initiative. However there are gaps in services vis-a-vis ARSH strategies. If addressed, clinic is likely to attract more adolescents and achieve the objectives of improving their health and capacity to deal with their myriad problems in a better wa