ABSTRACT
Purpose: To study the correlation between choroidal thickness (CT) and IOP control in primary angle?closure glaucoma (PACG). Methods: In total, 61 patients (102 eyes) with PACG underwent subfoveal CT (SFCT) scanning using enhanced depth imaging–optical coherence tomography. The subjects with PACG were further grouped as controlled IOP (?21 mm Hg on maximal medical therapy) and uncontrolled IOP (>21 mm Hg on maximal medical therapy). The average CT of the PACG eyes was calculated and compared between both groups. A correlation analysis was done between CT and intereye difference in CT with the disease parameters. Results: The mean CT was 274.38 ± 42.10 ?m in 102 PACG eyes. SFCT was significantly increased in the uncontrolled IOP group as compared with the controlled IOP group. The mean SFCT was 245.57 ± 62.10 ?m in the controlled group and 294.46 ± 51.05 ?m in the uncontrolled group (P < 0.01). Factors associated with a thicker choroid were younger age, high IOP, and higher optic nerve head cupping (P < 0.001). Neither the visual field?mean deviation (VF?MD) nor pattern standard deviation (PSD) was found to be associated with overall CT. The intereye asymmetry between CT was significantly associated with poor VF?MD and PSD. Conclusion: PACG eyes with thicker choroid may be a risk factor for poor IOP control on medical anti?glaucoma therapy. Thicker choroid as compared to the fellow eye is a poor prognostic sign and these eyes should be monitored closely
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is the standardof care for Gall Stone diseases. Conventionally monopolarenergy source is used for dissection of cystic artery and ductand dissection of Gall Bladder from GB fossa. There arehigh risk of thermal injury and biliary complications, morevisceral and solid organ injury due to frequent exchange ofinstruments. All these factors lead to increased operating timeand complications. The use of harmonic assisted laparoscopiccholecystectomy has decreased the operating time andcomplications. The objective of this study was to compareHarmonic assisted Laparoscopic cholecystectomy withconventional monopolar energy.Material and Methods:- This prospective study was carriedout on 158 patients which were randomly assigned toeither group. Total 75 patients were present in conventionalmonopolar assisted LC and 83 patients in Harmonic assistedLC.Result: This study reveals that in harmonic assistedLaparoscopic cholecystectomy time taken for surgery is less,minimal thermal dispersion of energy, reduced requirements ofanalgesics, reduced incidence of bleeding and GB perforation.Conclusion: Harmonic Assisted LaparoscopicCholecystectomy advantage over Conventional MonopolarAssisted Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy with respectto operating time, postoperative pain, and perioperativecomplications. Thus its use should be advocated whereFacilities are available
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INTRODUCTION:Enteric fever, caused by Salmonella typhi and Salmonella paratyphi, is the leading cause of bacterial feile disease in South Asia. Enteric fever is a systemic infection caused by the bacteria, Salmonella Typhi (S. typhi) and Salmonella Paratyphi (S. paratyphi A, B and C). Disease burden is more in the developing countries like India. There is day by day increase in the multidrug resistant strains. OBJECTIVES: The present study was conducted to assess the efficacy of azithromycin as a first line antibiotic in the treatment of uncomplicated enteric fever. METHODS: This case series study was conducted in JawaharLal Nehru Medical College And Hospital, Bhagalpur, Bihar in which180 children between 2– 12 years of age were enrolled for the study. Those patients who were Typhidot and/or blood culture positive were included in this study and treated with azithromycin 20mg/kg/ single dose daily for 7 days. RESULTS: In the present study, out of the 180 children enrolled, 162 (90.00%) completed the study and eighteen children lost to follow up. Male to female ratio was 1.5:1 andthe common age group in which typhoid fever was seen, was found to be 6–10 years. S. typhi was isolated in 10 (6.17%) cases and all achieved bacteriological cure by day 7. Mean (SD) duration of fever at presentation was 6±2.07 days. Clinical cure was seen in 152 (93.82%) subjects. Mean day of response was 4 days. There was no death or serious adverse effects observed in our study. CONCLUSION: In our study it was found that Azithromycin was safe and efficacious for the management of uncomplicated typhoid fever in a dose of 20 mg/kg/day per oral once a day for seven days.Oral azithromycin could be a convenient and cheap alternative for the treatment of typhoid fever, especially in children in developing countries like India where medical resources are scarce.