ABSTRACT
Primary hyperparathyroidism is an uncommon disease with an incidence of 21 cases per 100,000 per year (approximately).1 Symptoms produced by hyperplasia of the parathyroid are classified into three categories: a) those due to skeletal changes, b) due to urinary changes c) due to hypercalcemia itself.2 They may also be due to the mechanical effect of the tumour such as dysphagia or a feeling of fullness in the neck.3 While symptoms due to pressure per se are rare, it is possible for the tumour to be located such that constant irritation of the recurrent laryngeal nerve may set up local triggers, which when stimulated produce several episodes of coughing and sneezing followed by weakness and at times, syncopal episodes.
ABSTRACT
Alcohol-tolerant microbes are the prime requirement for industrial-scale production of biofuels and beverages.Tolerance is a complex phenomenon that is achieved by mutational changes at several points in the genome.Since a network of genes and pathways are involved in adapting to ethanol tolerance, it is, therefore, morepreferable to obtain ethanol tolerance phenotype by adaptive evolution. Adaptive evolution ensures genotypicchanges which result in the evolution of a phenotypically tolerant strain. In the present work, Lysinibacillussp. isolated from the estuarine area was subjected to adaptive evolution under ethanol stress that resulted in anincrease in ethanol tolerance from 1.6% to 6.4%.
ABSTRACT
Understanding the protein–ligand interaction is a fundamental step for drug discovery in numerouspharmaceutical enterprises. The integration of computational and experimental process can reduce the timeand cost for the advancement of novel medications. Molecular docking is one of the modern drug designingstrategies, which explore the competence of a ligand by computing the minimum binding energy. Dockingis utilized in virtual screening of enormous databases of compounds for hit identification and assessing theimpact of chemical modifications during lead optimization. Sickle cell disease is a serious issue that affectspeople worldwide. Leaf extracts and ripe fruits of Carica papaya have been identified for curing sickle celldisease. Molecular docking approach using ArgusLab 4.0.1 was used to study the interaction between 24different phytocompounds of C. papaya and sickle cell protein [2 Deoxyhemoglobin S (2HBS)] to identify thebest phytocompounds for curing sickle cell disease. Three phytocompounds, Xanthoangelol D, N-[(4R)-4-(3-fluorophenyl)-6-oxo-4,5-dihydro-H-pyrimidin-2-yl]-3-methoxybenzamide, and Carpaine showed the highestinhibitory activity against the 2HBS protein which may become potent anti-protein drugs for the treatment ofsickle cell disease with the support of further studies.
ABSTRACT
Increasing solar ultraviolet irradiation on the Earth’s surface due to depletion of stratospheric ozone layer has raised the concern about its detrimental effect on living organisms. In this context, to understand the process of such damage, here, we studied the effect of UV-mediated stress on a primitive O2-evolving photosynthetic prokaryote species. Precisely, we investigated the response of UV-C irradiation on the cyanobacterium Scytonema millei isolated from the exterior of a stone monument of Santiniketan, West Bengal. Molecular phylogeny based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing confirmed the taxonomic position of the species with other false branched filamentous cyanobacteria. Progressive condensation of cytoplasm, changes in the shape of cells/trichome and integrity of sheath of the organism was observed with increased duration of exposure to UV-C until 72 h. Higher content of scytonemin and mycosporine-like amino acids (MAAs) in UV exposed cells suggest their protective role against UV irradiation.