ABSTRACT
Background: Injuries due to road traffic injuries (RTIs) depend upon various factors that include human, vehicle and environmental factors that plays a vital role before, during and after a fatal vehicular accident. Road traffic injuries involve high human suffering and monetary costs in terms of ultimately deaths, injuries and loss of potential income. Aims and Objective: The aims and objective of study was to study the incidence of death due to road traffic injuries, demographic profile including various contributary factors of victims and vehicles and to analyse the magnitude of deaths.Material & Methods:The present retrospective and cross sectional study was conducted in Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Department, Government Medical College, Amritsar. All the autopsies conducted on road traffic injuries victims during the period from Jan, 2016 to Dec, 2020 were studied. Results:Majority of cases taken up for study were males (80%) followed by females (20%), majority cases belonged to the age group of 21 -30 years (34.72%). The majority of cases (70.61 %)that met with road traffic injury happened at evening time period. Head injury was the cause of death in 42.45% cases followed by 33.88% cases having multiple injuries.Conclusions:Motorization though has enhanced the lives in this era but that has come up with some price. High priority is demanded towards the alarming rate of human loss due to RTIs. Awareness at every level including the strict formation of policies that would prevent such RTIs in future.
ABSTRACT
Background: The term abandonment refers to babies or foetuses which are found abandoned at various unwanted places such as gutter, rubbish dumps, railway tracts and bushes. It does not refer to live born babies left in places, such as hospitals where care can be given by someone other than the mother. Aims and Objectives: To find out the distribution of death cases of newborns/feotuses and to trace its probable reason and its relationship with female foeticide.Methods:A retrospective study of all the medico-legal autopsies of foetuses and newborns was conducted in Forensic medicine and Toxicology department, Government Medical College, Amritsar (Punjab) from Jan 1, 2014 to Jul 31, 2021. During this period, 46 cases of fetal and newborn deaths had been studied.Results:The dead bodies of known foetuses/newborns is 43.5% cases while total unknown cases were 56.5% cases. 32.6% cases were non viable foetuses while 10.8% cases died as a result of prematurity. All the unknown cases (56.5%) were found from the abandoned places like street, bushes, canal side, water bodies that mainly includes pond and railway tract.Conclusion:Despite, the problem is present in every corner of the nation, there is dearth of research studies on this issue. Stringent measures and strict checks are required against antenatal sex determination. The motive behind the abandonment of foetuses can be any, but this grave issue needs urgent attention.
ABSTRACT
Background: In a country like India, the prisoner cells are not well structured. For instance prisons are known to be a high risk environment for infections like tuberculosis (TB), HIV, HCV, HBV etc. due to overcrowding, low levels of nutrition, poor infection control and lack of accessible healthcare services. This study is an effort to know about the pattern of infections in custodial death cases detected during post mortem examination. Aims and Objectives: To determine the common infections and to know the mortality caused by infections among prisoners in custody, people in police custody and mentally ill patients in mental health institute in Punjab.Methods:This cross sectional study of 100 cases of custodial deaths from 1st Jan 2019 to 4thMay 2021, was carried out in the Forensic Medicine department in collaboration with department of Microbiology, Govt. Medical College, Amritsar.Results:Klebsiella Pneumoniae (37.5%) is more common in age group of 10-30 years while Staphylococcus Aureus (35.9%) infection was more common in the age group of 31 to 50 years. Incidence of positive growth of infections was slightly more in female inmates (76.9%) as compared to the males (75.9%). Inmates from urban area background showed more growth of Staphylococcus Aureus (35.7%) than from rural area background(25%).Conclusions:Timely medical diagnosis and treatment of each prisoner with availability of good doctors are the important issues relating to the healthcare of the individuals in custody.