ABSTRACT
Karpoora Cinthamani Mathirai (KCM) is a traditional Siddha medicinal preparation using to treat Arthritis associated with fever narrated in the text Anubhoga Vaithiya Navaneetham. This formulation has the detoxified ingredients such as Hydrargyrum subchloride and Croton tiglium seeds. The aim was to establish a fingerprint to ensure the quality and safety of KCM. Physicochemical characterization of KCM was carried out using qualitative biochemical analysis and modern techniques such as Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy, inductively coupled plasma analysis and scanning electron microscopy. Physical evaluation revealed that KCM is a light green colour pill, neutral nature and having solubility in water and HCl with stabilized particle size distribution of 3μ. A clearly identifiable fraction of KCM particles were below 50 nm. The presence of nano sized particles and functional groups carboxylic acids and nitrocompounds in KCM might impart the therapeutic property. Trace elemental analysis of KCM revealed that heavy metals like arsenic, cadmium, mercury and lead were below the deduction limit. Further, elemental analysis of KCM revealed the presence of minerals like calcium, iron, potassium, sodium, and phosphorus under acceptable limits at the prescribed dose of KCM.
ABSTRACT
Handa et al., 1986 noted that in India, more than 87 plants are used in 33 patented and proprietary multi-ingredient plant formulations for liver protection. Siddha Materia Medica illustrates a safer, cheap and potential hepatoprotective polyherbal decoction ‘Pidangunaari kudineer’ comprised of three herbal ingredients such as leaves of Premna tomentosa, pericarp of ripe fruits of Terminalia chebula, rhizomes of Curcuma longa. This formulation is very effective against hepatitis in the clinical practice. The goal of this systematic review of the literature was to summarize the literature on the safety and hepatoprotective activity of above herbs. A manual search of bibliographies of papers identified through an Internet search using multiple search engines. Textbooks on herbal medicine and their bibliographies were also searched. Result and Conclusion: A large number of in vitro, in vivo, human clinical studies on those herbs were identified. These included studies on the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antihepatoxicity induced by acetaminophen and antituberculosis drugs, anticarcinogenicity, antimicrobial properties and also phytocompounds were identified to justify the safety and hepatoprotective efficacy. Ethnic background of these herbs results liver protection make Pidangunaari Kudineer for further screening for hepatoprotection.
ABSTRACT
Sphaeranthus amaranthoides Burm belonging to the family Asteraceae is a rejuvenator herb of Siddha system having Tamil name ‘Sivakaranthai’. The present studies deals with a detailed pharmacological including pharmacognostical study particularly on leaf and infloresence of Sphaeranthus amaranthoides. The morphological characters of leaf and inflorescence observed by double staining. It revealed the stomatal index of lower surface with 42-48 and upper surface with 30-36/mm2 and presence of leaf resin canals. Inflorescences are cone shaped and its axis is siphonate. Sivakaranthai leaf powder (SLP) subjected to quality control test and by phytoconstituents estimation, appreciable presence of calcium, ferrous, tannin, proteins and phenols known. The results of elemental concentration level indicated the presence of toxic metals within the tolerance level. In vitro antibacterial activity evaluation confirmed the good anti-microbial activity at the dilution of 50 μl/disc against bacterial strain such as Streptococcus mutans, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherchia coli Klebsiella pneumonia, Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Rats found safe up to a maximum dose of 2000mg/kg body weight in acute toxicity study following OECD 423 guidelines. The analgesic and anti-inflammation activities evaluation were done by tail flick hot water immersion method and by Carrageenan induced acute hind paw oedema method on Wistar albino rats, respectively. The SLP has shown very weak analgesic and moderate antiinflammatory action rather than standard Indomethacin and no adverse effects produced. In the light of above results, it concluded that Sphaeranthus amaranthoides might use in any suitable formulation in which anti-microbial property and micronutrients needed.