Use of Herbal Drugs in Local Health Traditions in Purnagiri Hills, District Champavat, Uttarakhand

The state Uttarakhand is rich with floral and faunal diversity including plants used by local inhabitance to cure health problems. Himalayan region always has been the treasure of herbs from ancient time. Himalayan herbs are highest in quality and potency. There are numbers of side effect are noted using allopathic medicines which leads towards reuse of medicinal plants available locally. Keeping this in view an attempt has been made to enumerate the common medicinal plants used in traditional therapeutic system of Uttarakhand, India. Results reveal that 29 plant species are used for primary healthcare. Purnagiri hills located in Champavat district of Uttarakhand is reservoir for a large number of medicinal herbs during the field survey large number of medicinal plants like Adina cordifolia (Roxb.) Hook. (Rubiaceae), Asparagus adscendence Roxb. (Liliaceae), Artemesia nilgirica (Clarke) Pamp. (Asteraceae), Berberis aristata DC. (Berberiridaceae), Colebrookea oppositefolia Sm. (Lamiaceae), Elephantopus scaber L (Asreraceae), Pinus longifolia Roxb. (Pinaceae), Tamarix gallica L. (Tamaraceae), Urtica dioica L. (Urtecaceae) and many more with their use in local health traditions by local habitants were recorded. One of the serious challenges to biodiversity and ecological functioning is climate change. Climate change and global warming are well known issue that has had an impact on the biodiversity. Second thing over exploitation of Himalayan forest leads these valuable herbs in endangered category. Some of the plants recorded are critically endangered and rare. We have to pay attention towards the conservation, cultivation of these herbs.

Outcomes of Surgical Management of Floating Knee Injuries

Introduction: Floating knee, referred to as ipsilateralfractures of the femur and tibia, is usually associated withseveral complications and mortality. This study was designedto present our experience with treatment of this injury.Demographic parameters like age, sex, mechanism of injury,associated injuries, method and results of treatment, andcomplications of floating knee are discussedMaterial and Methods: This Prospective study wasperformed between January 2014-July 2016. All patientswith floating knee injuries who were admitted to the PMCHfulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria were included.The information about the 20 cases of floating knee injurieswere gathered, particularly the demographic parameters, modeof injury, bones involved, condition of skin, other associatedinjuries and their neurovascular status. The patients werefollowed for a minimum of one year duration and functionaloutcome was assessed.Result: Most of the patients were between 21-30years of age(45%). The floating knee injuries were more common in males(85%). FraserType I fracture was observed in 70% of cases.Roadtraffic accidents(RTA) was the most common cause ofsuch injuries. 18 out of 20(90%) cases were having associatedinjuries while only 10%were cases of isolated floating knee.The most common early and late complications were infectionand knee stiffness respectively. The final outcome as perKarlstrom criteria was excellent and good in 11 out of 14 casesof Fraser type I fracture and in 3 out of 6 cases of Fraser type IIfracture, and this was statistically significant (P=0.05).Conclusion: This study revealed that the complication rateassociated with floating knee injuries remain high and theprognosis mostly depends on type of injury and associatedinjuries. This study also advocates early aggressive approachfor management of these injuries.

A comparative evaluation of I-gel and laryngeal mask airway supreme in laparoscopic surgeries: a randomized comparative study

Background: Supraglottic airway device results in less hemodynamic responses during laparoscopic surgery but supraglottic airway device to be used should have higher oropharyngeal seal pressure than peak pressure for effective ventilation as laparoscopic surgery also leads to higher airway pressure. In this study the efficiency of the I-gel with SLMA is compared in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy surgeries.Methods: Sixty patients were randomized in to two groups, group A where I-gel was considered for airway management and group B where LMA Supreme was the device chosen for airway management.Results: Oropharyngeal seal pressure was significantly lower in group A than group B, 5 minutes after insertion of airway device it was 24.90±3.03 cm H2O and 27.30±3.41 cm H2O in group A and group B, respectively and 5 minutes after creation of pneumoperitoneum it was 25.53±3.17 cm H2O and 27.57±3.36 cm H2O in group A and group B, respectively. There was significant difference in the difference between inspiratory and expiratory tidal volume between the groups at all the time periods being higher in group A than group B. Hemodynamics were comparable between the two groups. Time taken to insert the airway device and Ryle’s tube insertion was significantly lesser in group B in comparison to group A. The percentage of complications was higher in group A than group B with no significant (p>0.05) association.Conclusions: Both the I-gel and SLMA devices can be used safely in laparoscopic cholecystectomy in non-obese patients. But in SLMA group oropharyngeal seal pressure was higher with lesser leak volume in comparison to I-gel group.

Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura During A Dengue Outbreak: A Dynamic Masquerader

In this age of enhanced diagnostics and improved turnaround time, immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP), a disease primarily diagnosed by exclusion, is expected to be straightforward to diagnose. However, during a full-fledged dengue outbreak, the health-care system can be overwhelmed, and as a result, ITP can be underdiagnosed. The clinician should be aware of the various imitations that ITP can present with. Various clinical indicators have to be kept in mind while dealing with such an outbreak to avoid unnecessary health-care expenditure and prolonged hospital stays. In this case series, we present two patients diagnosed to have ITP during the dengue outbreak, each unique in its presentation and course, demonstrating the multiple patterns ITP can present itself.

Effects of urea, metal ions and surfactants on the binding of baicalein with bovine serum albumin$ / 药物分析学报

The interaction of baicalein with bovine serum albumin (BSA) was investigated with the help of spec-troscopic and molecular docking studies. The binding affinity of baicalein towards BSA was estimated to be in order of 105 M?1 from fluorescence quenching studies. NegativeΔH° (?5.6670.14 kJ/mol) and positive (ΔS°) ( t 79.96 7 0.65 J/mol K) indicate the presence of electrostatic interactions along with the hydrophobic forces that result in a positiveΔS°. The hydrophobic association of baicalein with BSA di-minishes in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) due to probable hydrophobic association of baicalein with SDS, resulting in a negativeΔS° ( ? 40.65 7 0.87 J/mol K). Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization/time of flight (MALDI–TOF) experiments indicate a 1:1 complexation between baicalein and BSA. The unfolding and refolding phenomena of BSA were investigated in the absence and presence of baicalein using steady-state and fluorescence lifetime measurements. It was observed that the presence of urea ruptured the non-covalent interaction between baicalein and BSA. The presence of metal ions (Ag t , Mg2 t , Ni2 t , Mn2 t , Co2 t and Zn2 t ) increased the binding affinity of ligand towards BSA. The changes in conformational aspects of BSA after ligand binding were also investigated using circular di-chroism (CD) and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopic techniques. Site selectivity studies following molecular docking analyses indicated the binding of baicalein to site 1 (subdomain IIA) of BSA.&2016 Xi'an Jiaotong University. Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article.

Growth Characteristics Modeling of Mixed Culture of Bifidobacterium bifidum and Lactobacillus acidophilus using Response Surface Methodology and Artificial Neural Network

Different culture conditions viz. additional carbon and nitrogen content, inoculum size and age, temperature and pH of the mixed culture of Bifidobacterium bifidum and Lactobacillus acidophilus were optimized using response surface methodology (RSM) and artificial neural network (ANN). Kinetic growth models were fitted for the cultivations using a Fractional Factorial (FF) design experiments for different variables. This novel concept of combining the optimization and modeling presented different optimal conditions for the mixture of B. bifidum and L. acidophilus growth from their one variable at-a-time (OVAT) optimization study. Through these statistical tools, the product yield (cell mass) of the mixture of B. bifidum and L. acidophilus was increased. Regression coefficients (R2) of both the statistical tools predicted that ANN was better than RSM and the regression equation was solved with the help of genetic algorithms (GA). The normalized percentage mean squared error obtained from the ANN and RSM models were 0.08 and 0.3%, respectively. The optimum conditions for the maximum biomass yield were at temperature 38°C, pH 6.5, inoculum volume 1.60 mL, inoculum age 30 h, carbon content 42.31% (w/v), and nitrogen content 14.20% (w/v). The results demonstrated a higher prediction accuracy of ANN compared to RSM.

Growth characteristics modeling of Lactobacillus acidophilus using RSM and ANN

The culture conditions viz. additional carbon and nitrogen content, inoculum size, age, temperature and pH of Lactobacillus acidophilus were optimized using response surface methodology (RSM) and artificial neural network (ANN). Kinetic growth models were fitted to cultivations from a Box-Behnken Design (BBD) design experiments for different variables. This concept of combining the optimization and modeling presented different optimal conditions for L. acidophilus growth from their original optimization study. Through these statistical tools, the product yield (cell mass) of L. acidophilus was increased. Regression coefficients (R²) of both the statistical tools predicted that ANN was better than RSM and the regression equation was solved with the help of genetic algorithms (GA). The normalized percentage mean squared error obtained from the ANN and RSM models were 0.06 and 0.2%, respectively. The results demonstrated a higher prediction accuracy of ANN compared to RSM.

Synthesis and biological activity of acetylacetone thiosemicarbazone and their metallic complexes.

In present work, Ligand acetylacetone thiosemicarbazone and their 11 complexes of the type ML2X2, ML2X’, where M = Cu(II), Cd(II), Co(II), Zn(II), Hg(II); L = acetylacetone thiosemicarbazone; X = Cl, NO3 or CH3COO; X’ = SO4 have been synthesized and characterized with the help of molar conductance, magnetic susceptibility measurements, infra-red and ultra-violet spectroscopy. The spectral data revealed that the thiosemicarbazone act as bidentate ligand, making use of thionic sulphur and the azomethine nitrogen atom for co-ordination to the central metal atom. All the compounds have been screened for their antibacterial activity against Gram positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Gram negative bacteria Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Some of complexes exhibited appreciable activity.

Synthesis and biological activity of acetylacetone thiosemicarbazone and their metallic complexes.

In present work, Ligand acetylacetone thiosemicarbazone and their 11 complexes of the type ML2X2, ML2X’, where M = Cu(II), Cd(II), Co(II), Zn(II), Hg(II); L = acetylacetone thiosemicarbazone; X = Cl, NO3 or CH3COO; X’ = SO4 have been synthesized and characterized with the help of molar conductance, magnetic susceptibility measurements, infra-red and ultra-violet spectroscopy. The spectral data revealed that the thiosemicarbazone act as bidentate ligand, making use of thionic sulphur and the azomethine nitrogen atom for co-ordination to the central metal atom. All the compounds have been screened for their antibacterial activity against Gram positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Gram negative bacteria Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Some of complexes exhibited appreciable activity.