ABSTRACT
Writing a prescription is a combination of science and art. Good quality prescriptions are a sign of prescriber’sexpertise. Analysis of quality of prescriptions can be carried out by various methods and by using certain toolsas well. Prescription Quality Index (PQI) is one such validated tool for analyzing the prescription quality. Thepresent study was undertaken on 2155 prescriptions to analyse the prescriptions of outdoor patients by usingPrescription Quality Index tool. Each prescription was evaluated by using questionnaire of PQI tool. The toolconsists of 22 questions, based on the answers of which a score was calculated for each prescription. Thena collective mean score for all the prescriptions was calculated. Depending upon individual scores, theprescriptions were graded in to poor, medium and high-quality prescriptions. The mean PQI score for all the2155 prescriptions was 28.94 ± 0.23. We found that 1015 (46.10 %) prescriptions were of poor quality, 46(2.13 %) were of medium quality and 1094 (50.77 %) were of good quality. The overall mean score of all theprescriptions falls in to the poor-quality prescription category according to PQI. It was concluded that therewere many lacunas that require the attention of prescribers in order to attain and maintain high standardprescription quality.
ABSTRACT
Pain and fear of pain continue to be the commonest and strongest motivation for the people to seek facial pain treatment. Pain is a personal experience of the sufferer that cannot be shared and wholly belongs to the sufferer. Trigeminal neuralgia (TN) is a notable facial pain disorder resulting in periodic severe pain that produces one of the most severe kinds of pain known to mankind. Treatment of this debilitating condition may be varied, ranging from medical to surgical interventions. However antiepileptic drugs are commonly used for its treatment. This article brings out the recent approaches in diagnosis and treatment of trigeminal neuralgia.
ABSTRACT
Traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) leads to sensorimotor dysfunction with significant impact on the patient and their family’s quality of life, social, and economic status. There is no complete restorative treatment so far. Bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) have anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects and recently emerged as a therapeutic candidate for SCI repair. Here, we examined the role of rat BMSCs transplantation on thoracic (T11) complete SCI induced dysfunctions, namely hyperalgesia, allodynia, locomotion, spinal reflexes, and spinal neurotransmitters in rats. Pre-labelled BMSCs were injected on day 9 after SCI locally. We observed that BMSCs transplantation facilitate locomotor recovery (week 2-8) and attenuated hyperalgesia and allodynia to varying sensory stimuli (week 6-8) after SCI. In addition, spinal reflexes and neurotransmitters were affected significantly by complete SCI, which were partially restored by BMSCs transplantation. Histological analyses also revealed the presence of BMSCs at the injury site and appear to fill the lesion cavities, thereby significantly reducing the lesion volume. Our data shows the beneficial effects of BMSCs transplantation on complete SCI-induced sensorimotor functional deficits in rats.
ABSTRACT
Endophytic mycoflora are ubiquitous organisms residing in the internal tissues of the plants, at least for a portion of their lives without causing apparent symptoms of infection. Endophytes serve as rich sources of novel natural compounds with a wide-spectrum of biologically active agents. This review reveals the significance of endophytic mycoflora from plants as sources of bioactive organic compounds. The bioactive compounds produced by endophytic fungi originate by various biosynthetic pathways like PKS/NRPS. These compounds belong to diverse structural groups such as alkaloids, benzopyranones, chinones, cytochalasines, depsipeptides, enniatines, flavonoids, furandiones, isocumarines, peptides, polyketones, phenols, quinols, terpenoids, tetralones and xanthones were characterized by NMR, mass spectrometry, X-ray crystallography etc. Therefore, endophytes, represent a chemical reservoir for array of new compounds which are anti-cancerous, anti-microbial, anti-diabetic, anti-oxidant, anti-parasitical, anti-viral, anti-mycobacterium, anti-insecticidal, anti-malarial, anti-biotic, immunosuppressive & immunomodulatory agents, also in addition, other compounds were used in pharmaceutical and agrochemical industries. This paper mainly focuses on the exploration of novel and useful compounds from endophytic mycoflora, and study of their roles in cure of diseases, the recent scenario of screening approach for novel drugs and their pharmacological interest.
ABSTRACT
Ailanthus excelsa Roxb. is one of the most important plant which has a specific place in Ayurveda and phytotherapy. The tribal people generally used this plant for anthelminthic, anti-fertility, rejuvenation and anti-malarial against Plasmodium falciparum. In the present study total four endophytic fungi were isolated from the leaves of medicinal plant A. excelsa for the production of antibacterial bioactive compounds against five pathogenic bacterial strains. Various cultural conditions like media, pH, temperature and quarantine period was also optimized for the maximum production of antibacterial bioactive compounds from the potent fungus. After each optimizing step, the extracts were tested for antibacterial activity by agar well diffusion method and the best condition was selected for further process.
ABSTRACT
Chronic (2h/d × 8 weeks) exposure to magnetic field (MF; 50 Hz, 17.9 T) in complete spinal cord (T13) transected rats restored food intake (FI), water intake (WI) and body weight (BW) which were decreased in the spinal cord injured rats. The results suggest a significant beneficial effect of chronic exposure to magnetic field of paraplegic rats.