ABSTRACT
Background: The severity of COVID-19 could be evaluated by examining several blood parameters mainly white blood cell (WBC) count, granulocytes, platelet, and novel hemocytometric markers neutrophils to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte (PLR),lymphocyte to monocyte ratio (LMR) and biochemical parameters such as CRP,D-dimer,Serum ferritin, LFT, KFT etc. The present study has been carried out Methods and Material: on 100 RTPCR conrmed covid-19 patients over a period of one year from July 2021 to June 2022. Clinical features, investigations, and history of associated risk factors were extracted from case records.Samples were processed in Medonic M series ve part haematology analyzer.SELECTRA PRO M and ARCHITECT plus machine was used for LDH, AST, ALT,C- reactive protein (CRP),Serum creatinine and serum urea.Samples for electrolytes were processed in INNOLYTE MACHINE. The sample for D-dimer and PT INR were processed in STA SETELLITE Max haemostasis analyser. Samples for procalcitonin were processed in CARDIAMARKER HIA-1200 machine.Chi squre test was used for analyzing signicant correlation among different parameters and covid-19 severity.P value<0.05 was dened as statistically signicant for all statistical test. Statistical analysis used: Results:Retrospective observational study Among 100 RTPCR conrmed cases,40,36,20 and 4 were mild, moderate, severe and critical respectively.Total total neutrophils count signicantly raised in critical patients(p value<0.05) while absolute lymphocyte count was signicantly decreased in critical patients(p value<0.05).NLR was signicantly raised in critical patients and LMR,PLR were also signicantly related to disease severity.CRP,S.ferritin and D- dimer were signicantly raised in critical patients(p value<0.05).Besides above parameters, Serum LDH,Serum electrolytes,AST,AL,.PT-INR were also raised in critically ill patients(p value<0.05). The severity of COVID-19 can Conclusions: be identied at an early stage by following the different routine biochemical marker levels and subsequently improve prognosis.parameters
ABSTRACT
Helicobacter pylori (HP) is causally associated with peptic ulcer disease and gastric carcinoma. Determination of the prevalence of HP infection in dyspepsia patients’ in particular geographical area is imperative for the appropriate management of dyspepsia. HP antigen detection in stool is a noninvasive diagnostic test of HP infection. This prospective study was conducted to find out the prevalence of HP infection based on stool antigen testing in dyspeptic patients who had also undergone upper gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopy. This study highlights the high prevalence of HP infection in dyspeptic Indian patients, particularly males, and emphasizes the growing importance of the bacterium causing infection among children. We also found HP stool antigen testing to be superior to upper GI endoscopy for detecting HP infection. Hence, we recommend initial testing for HP stool antigen in dyspeptic patients before initiating treatment and before carrying out any invasive procedure such as endoscopy.