Anomalous Origin of Anterior Interosseous Artery.

Background: The Brachial Artery ,usually a continuation of the axillary artery begins at the distal border of teres major and ends about a centimetre distal to the elbow joint by dividing into the radial and ulnar artery. Objectives: A. To document the origin of anterior interosseous artery from brachial artery. B. To establish embryological and clinico-anatomical correlation of such variations. Methods: These findings were observed after meticulous dissection of the upper limbs of both sides of a 43 year old adult male cadaver in the department of anatomy ,R .G .Kar Medical College ,Kolkata. Results: The brachial artery present in the right limb gave a branch in the upper 1/3 of the arm from its lateral aspect. This branch of brachial artery went downwards and became deep to pronator teres and continued as the anterior interosseous artery. The brachial artery itself descended and remained superficial to pronator teres. Just below the elbow joint it underwent bifurcation into radial and ulnar artery.The subsequent course of those two arteries was normal. And there was absence of common interosseous artery. So the anterior interosseous artery instead of arising from the common interosseous artery which was the branch of the ulnar artery took origin from brachial artery. Conclusion: This variation was explained in the light of embryological development and such variations were useful for physicians, surgeons, nephrologists ,radiologists and interventionist in various surgical procedures and also for diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.

Anomalous Origin of Left Vertebral Artery.

Background: To document the unusual origin of left vertebral artery from the arch of aorta and to discuss the embryological basis and clinico-anatomical correlation of such variation. Materials and Methods: This finding was seen after thorough and meticulous dissection of the thorax in a 58 year old male cadaver in the department of anatomy, R.G.Kar Medical College. Results: There was anomalous origin of the left vertebral artery from the arch of aorta whereas the right vertebral artery took its normal origin from right subclavian artery. Conclusion: This anatomical variation can be explained in the light of embryological development .In addition knowledge of such variation is important for carrying out surgical procedures.

Anomalous Origin of Right Inferior Phrenic Artery.

Background: To show the anomalous origin of right inferior phrenic artery from right renal artery and to discuss the embryological basis and surgical significance of such variation. Method: This was found during routine dissection of abdomen in a 61 year old adult male cadaver in the department of anatomy, R.G.Kar Medical College. Results: It was seen that right inferior phrenic artery(RIPA) took its origin from right renal artery. Further distribution of RIPA was normal. Left inferior phrenic artery (LIPA) arose normally from abdominal aorta. Conclusion: Accurate knowledge regarding this is important for carrying out vascular and reconstructive surgery and for evaluation of angiographic images . The RIPA is a major source of collateral arterial supply to hepatocellular carcinoma, second only to the hepatic artery. So a surgically inoperable HCC can be treated by transcatheter embolization of not only the right or left hepatic arteries, but also by embolization of a RIPA, if involved.