ABSTRACT
Hepatitis C virus [HCV] infection, unrelated to blood transfusion is very common among hemodialysis patients with chronic renal failure. The positivity rate for anti-HCV varies from 18% to 91% among various countries. It is due not only to the past blood transfusions, but also to nosocomial transmission which is preventable. The main route of virus entry is most likely, the two [arterial and venous] needle holes that are touched by the fingers of the physician and the nurse repeatedly. The recommended preventive measures include: the use of a sterile glove, finger sterilization with a disinfectant solution, immediately before touching the needle/needle hole, and repeated education of the staff, Whether the anti-HCV positive patients should be separated from the negative, largely depends on the prevalence of HCV infection within the dialysis unit
Subject(s)
Renal Dialysis/adverse effectsABSTRACT
Real-time ultrasonography is imperative in the diagnosis of hepatobiliary diseases in modern medicine. It will prove diagnostic not only for gallstones, biliary obstruction and localized hepatic lesions, but also for some of the diffuse liver diseases such as cirrhosis. It must be done as a routine, as is the stethostope used by the physician, in patients in whom hepatobiliary disease is suspected