Comparison of the accuracy of digital impressions and traditional impressions: Systematic review / 대한치과보철학회지

PURPOSE: This study systematically examines literatures on the suitability of prostheses and accuracy of obtained impressions to see if digital impressions using intraoral scanners can replace traditional impressions. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A MEDLINE/PubMed search and manual search was performed for studies written in English about accuracy of digital impression published in dental journals from August 1, 1997, to July 31, 2017. Depending on criteria, the data for the selected articles were independently organized into standardized spreadsheets by 2 reviewers. RESULTS: Among the total 35 studies met the inclusion criteria, there were 26 studies comparing the suitability of prostheses, and 9 studies comparing the accuracy of impressions through scan data without prostheses. Most studies used prostheses to compare the accuracy of impression techniques. CONCLUSION: This review suggests that making single crown or mesio-distally short prostheses with digital impressions is clinically reliable in natural teeth. However, there is still a limit to making mesio-distally long prostheses with digital impressions from the lack of related studies. Digital impression cannot fully replace traditional impressions in implant prostheses yet.

Denture wearers' recognition for their oral health status, denture cleansing methods, and insurance health system / 대한치과보철학회지

PURPOSE: The aim of the present investigation was to understand the incidence, prevalence of denture stomatitis in denture wearers, who were over 60 years old, and use the results for a fundamental data to promote public awareness about denture stomatitis and its education tools. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From August 21 to September 8 2017, 500 denture wearers, who were more than 60 years old in Seoul and 4 other metropolitan cities (Busan, Daegu, Gwangju, and Daejeon), received questionnaires. The questionnaires included denture wearers' demographic distributions, specific dental treatment experiences, discomforts with current dentures, their oral health conditions, and the method of denture cleansing. RESULTS: Thirty-two percent of 500 denture wearers responded that they have healthy oral conditions. Two hundred and eight respondents (41.6%) were aware of denture stomatitis. Only 131 (26.2%) were informed about the removable denture covered by national health insurance and 327 (65.4%) of denture wearers were using the improper denture cleansing methods. CONCLUSION: A large number of denture wearers still do not recognize the importance of proper treatment for denture stomatitis, insurance covered denture treatments, and adequate denture cleansing methods.

Efficacy, Tolerability, and Safety of Oxybutynin Chloride in Pediatric Neurogenic Bladder With Spinal Dysraphism: A Retrospective, Multicenter, Observational Study

PURPOSE: Anticholinergics are a key element in treating neurogenic detrusor overactivity, but only limited data are available in the pediatric population, thus limiting the application to children even for oxybutynin chloride (OC), a prototype drug. This retrospective study was designed to provide data regarding the efficacy, tolerability, and safety of OC in the pediatric population (0-15 years old) with spinal dysraphism (SD). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Records relevant to OC use for neurogenic bladder were gathered and scrutinized from four specialized clinics for pediatric urology. The primary efficacy outcomes were maximal cystometric capacity (MCC) and end filling pressure (EFP). Data on tolerability, compliance, and adverse events (AEs) were also analyzed. RESULTS: Of the 121 patient records analyzed, 41 patients (34%) received OC at less than 5 years of age. The range of prescribed doses varied from 3 to 24 mg/d. The median treatment duration was 19 months (range, 0.3-111 months). Significant improvement of both primary efficacy outcomes was noted following OC treatment. MCC increased about 8% even after adjustment for age-related increases in MCC. Likewise, mean EFP was reduced from 33 to 21 cm H2O. More than 80% of patients showed compliance above 70%, and approximately 50% of patients used OC for more than 1 year. No serious AEs were reported; constipation and facial flushing consisted of the major AEs. CONCLUSIONS: OC is safe and efficacious in treating pediatric neurogenic bladder associated with SD. The drug is also tolerable and the safety profile suggests that adjustment of dosage for age may not be strictly observed.

Surgical Outcome of Urethroplasty Using Penile Circular Fasciocutaneous Flap for Anterior Urethral Stricture

PURPOSE: Penile circular fasciocutaneous flap urethroplasty is a useful technique for a long anterior urethral stricture due to the flap's hairless nature and ample length. We investigated the surgical outcomes of urethroplasty for a complex anterior urethral stricture, performed using a penile circular fasciocutaneous flap. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between 2008 and 2013, we performed a retrospective review of 29 patients who underwent urethroplasty using a penile circular fasciocutaneous flap and had at least 6 months of follow-up. A total of 20 cases utilized only a fasciocutaneous flap, while 9 cases combined a fasciocutaneous flap with other surgery. Success was defined as no requirement of additional urethral instrumentation. RESULTS: The overall success rate was 68.9% (20 out of 29 cases) at a median follow-up of 19 months. Furthermore, fasciocutaneous flap urethroplasty rendered the actual stricture-free rate of 79.3%. The location of recurrence was mostly at the junction of the flap. Among 9 surgical failures, 5 cases were treated successfully by using an additional surgical procedure. Fistula repair was needed in 1 case 4 months later. Further, periodic urethral dilation was performed in the remaining 3 cases. The failure rate was significantly higher in patients with suprapubic cystostomy than in patients without suprapubic cystostomy. The most common complication was post-micturition dribbling. CONCLUSIONS: Penile circular fasciocutaneous flap urethroplasty is a useful method for the reconstruction of a long anterior urethral stricture. A sufficient healthy margin should be acquired for better surgical results due to the fact that most recurrence occurs at the junction of the flap.

Surgical Outcome of Urethroplasty Using Penile Circular Fasciocutaneous Flap for Anterior Urethral Stricture

PURPOSE: Penile circular fasciocutaneous flap urethroplasty is a useful technique for a long anterior urethral stricture due to the flap's hairless nature and ample length. We investigated the surgical outcomes of urethroplasty for a complex anterior urethral stricture, performed using a penile circular fasciocutaneous flap. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between 2008 and 2013, we performed a retrospective review of 29 patients who underwent urethroplasty using a penile circular fasciocutaneous flap and had at least 6 months of follow-up. A total of 20 cases utilized only a fasciocutaneous flap, while 9 cases combined a fasciocutaneous flap with other surgery. Success was defined as no requirement of additional urethral instrumentation. RESULTS: The overall success rate was 68.9% (20 out of 29 cases) at a median follow-up of 19 months. Furthermore, fasciocutaneous flap urethroplasty rendered the actual stricture-free rate of 79.3%. The location of recurrence was mostly at the junction of the flap. Among 9 surgical failures, 5 cases were treated successfully by using an additional surgical procedure. Fistula repair was needed in 1 case 4 months later. Further, periodic urethral dilation was performed in the remaining 3 cases. The failure rate was significantly higher in patients with suprapubic cystostomy than in patients without suprapubic cystostomy. The most common complication was post-micturition dribbling. CONCLUSIONS: Penile circular fasciocutaneous flap urethroplasty is a useful method for the reconstruction of a long anterior urethral stricture. A sufficient healthy margin should be acquired for better surgical results due to the fact that most recurrence occurs at the junction of the flap.

Inferior Vestibular Neuritis: Absence of Vestibular Evoked Myogenic Potentials in the Presence of Normal Caloric Responses / 대한평형의학회지

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: To report the clinical features of six patients diagnosed with cases of inferior vestibular neuritis based on abnormal vestibular evoked myogenic potential (VEMP) responses with normal caloric test results. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed 62 patients presenting with dizziness. All patients underwent a battery of audiovestibular testing, including hearing tests, caloric test and VEMP test. RESULTS: Six patients were diagnosed as inferior vestibular neuritis. All patients presented with acute onset of prolonged vertigo. The pure tone audiograms and caloric test results were normal. VEMP response was absent unilaterally, and normal in the contralateral ear. CONCLUSION: Inferior vestibular neuritis should be considered in patients presenting with acute vertigo, but normal caloric responses. Comprehensive vestibular testing including VEMP is necessary.

The Effectiveness of Epidural Blood Patch in Patients with Syndrome of Cerebrospinal Fluid Hypovolemia

BACKGROUND: Therapy using a targeted epidural blood patch (EBP) has been linked to cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) hypovolemia syndrome empirically, when conservative therapies failed to relieve headaches. The aim of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of EBP, for those who are refractory to conservative therapy, as a treatment for syndrome of CSF hypovolemia. METHODS: Sixteen patients were studied, where six patients were treated with conservative therapy and 10 patients were treated with EBP. After the treatments, we evaluated the difference in the duration of headaches between the two groups. With the patients treated with EBP, we also evaluated the differences in the duration of headaches between those with or without pachymeningeal enhancement on a brain MRI, and those with or without CSF leakage site on RI cisternography. RESULTS: Mean duration (1.30 +/- 0.48 days) of headaches in those treated with EBP was significantly shorter than in those without EBP (p=0.022). There was no significant difference in duration of headaches between those with and without pachymeningeal enhancement in a brain MRI. There was also no significant difference in duration of headache between those with and without CSF leakage in RI cisternography. CONCLUSIONS: The EBP is an effective therapy for syndrome of CSF hypovolemia regardless of pachymeningeal enhancement in a brain MRI and CSF leakage in RI cisternography when conservative therapies fail to relieve headaches.

A Case of Intractable Hiccup Controlled by Combination Drug Therapy with Levosulpiride, Omeprazole and Baclofen

No abstract available.

Comparative Study between Visusal Analysis and Low Resolution Electromagnetic Tomography (LORETA) Method in the Localization of Epileptiform Discharges

BACKGROUND: LORETA (Low Resolution Electromagnetic Tomography) produces a three-dimensional current density mapping from digitized EEG (electroencephalography) data. A comparison between visual waveform analysis of scalp EEG and LORETA method may be helpful for the exact localization of epileptiform discharges. METHODS: Digital EEG data from 20 subjects showing epileptiform discharges that were localized in the left or right frontotemporal regions (F7, F8) were studied. Those EEG waves were recorded using international 10~20 system. Phase reversals in bipolar montage were converted to referential montage and waveforms were analyzed visually. Those spike waves were converted into three-dimensional potential density mapping by LORETA method and maximum negative potential density region was determined. RESULTS: The same localization in the frontotemporal region (F7, F8) between two methods was noted in 16 subjects (80.0%). The discordant localization by LORETA method was noted in 4 subjects (20.0%). In different localiza-tion subjects, their locations were frontopolar region (Fp1, Fp 2) in 2 subjects, lateral temporal region (T7, T8) in 1 and posterior temporal region (P7, P8) in 1 subject, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Even though the localization of epileptiform discharges by visual waveform analysis is a traditional method, electrical potential density mapping by LORETA can be a useful adjunctive localization method. If detailed localization is needed, LORETA method should increase accuracy.

A Study of Psychogenic Symptoms in Chronic Low Back Pain Patients

BACKGROUND: Chronic low back pain(CLBP) is one of the most common afflictions of humans. Between 70% and 80% of the population experience back pain some time during their lives. Especially, back pain is the most common cause of limited activity in individual under age 45. METHODS: The prepared questionnaire and SCL-MPD(symptom check list-minor psychiatric disorders) were presented to subjects who visited our hospital for occupational routine check. The questionnaire was composed of duration and severity of back pain. The subject were divided into two groups, respectively with chronic low back pain history and without history. The differences of psychogenic symptoms between both groups were analysed. RESULTS: In general characteristics, there was no significant difference between both groups. There were significant differences in somatization, anxiety, depression, anger-hostilily, phobic anxiety, neurasthenic, hypochondriacal, interpersonal sensitivity and general dimensions between both groups(P<0.05). There was no significant difference in obsessive-compulsive dimension between both groups. CONCLUSIONS: These results showed the presence of various psychogenic symptoms in chronic low back pain patients. Such psychosocial variables will need to receive additional careful attention in primary care setting.

Minor psychiatric disorder Associated with Smoking in Men

BACKGROUND: Smoking is a very dangerous behavior and people know that it will lead to fatal health problems. But, many people continue to smoke. We studied psychiatric aspect of smoking. METHODS: We distributed self-questionnaire to people who visited Dong-San Medical Hospital for periodical examination and checkups between the months of April and June, 1996. It consisted of inquiries on their smoking status and symptom check list for minor psychiatric disorders(SCL-MPD). Among the total of 147 men 58 were current smokers, 63 non-smokers, 26 ex-smokers. We compared minor psychiatric differences between each groups by Student t-test. RESULTS: The mean age of current smokers, ex-smokers and non-smokers were 44.9 +/-8.9, 44.8+/-8.4 and 46.6+/-9.6, respectively. Among 10 dimensions of SCL-MPD, the smokers (includes current smokers and ex-smokers) had significantly higher scores on anger-hostility, interpersonal sensitivity and obsessive-compulsive dimensions than those of non-smokers(p<0.05). When comparing with current smokers and non-smokers, current smokers had significantly higher scores on anger-hostility and obsessive-compulsive dimensions(p<0.05). Between ex-smokers and non-smokers, ex-smokers had significantly higher scores on anger-hostility and obsessive-compulsive dimensions(.p<0.05). But, no significant differences were observed between current smokers and ex-smokers. CONCLUSIONS: Smokers(current smokers and ex-smokers) were highly associated with anger-hostility, interpersonal sensitivity and obsessive-compulsive disorders compared to non-smokers. But, no minor psychiatric differences were observed between current smokers and ex-smokers.