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1.
Prensa méd. argent ; 105(10): 667-677, oct 2019. fig, graf
Article in Spanish | BINACIS, LILACS | ID: biblio-1025940

ABSTRACT

The authors present a clinical and farmacological evaluation of the effect and safety of N-acetylcysteine in chronic obstructive diseases. The N-actylcysteine (NAC) is a sulphorated amino acid employed as an mucolytic agent. The efficacy and tolerability of oral NAC as compared with other agents was determined, in the mucolytic treatment on mucus hypersecretion and in the management of respiratory tract fluids and sputums from cigarette smokers, and also as a bronchial mucus fluidifying agent. A sistematic review and analysis of the effect of NAC and its effectiveness. In the treatment of acute respiratory disorders in children was determined


Subject(s)
Humans , Acetylcysteine/therapeutic use , Acetylcysteine/pharmacology , Bromhexine/pharmacology , Respiratory Mucosa/physiopathology , Mucus/drug effects
2.
Gac. méd. Méx ; 155(4): 386-390, jul.-ago. 2019. tab
Article in English, Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1286522

ABSTRACT

Resumen Introducción: La evaluación de la respuesta al tratamiento de linfoma se basa en estudios de imagen. Objetivo: Correlacionar la evaluación de la respuesta al tratamiento de linfoma mediante tomografía axial computarizada (TAC) y tomografía por emisión de positrones/tomografía computarizada (PET/TC). Método: Estudio observacional transversal en el que se revisaron expedientes de pacientes con linfoma en vigilancia mediante TAC y PET/TC. Resultados: La población de estudio estuvo constituida por 43 pacientes con edad media de 32.7 ± 22.4 años; 26 (60.5 %) tenían diagnóstico de linfoma de Hodgkin y 17 (9.5 %), de linfoma no Hodgkin. Por TAC se diagnosticaron 34 (79.1 %) con enfermedad y nueve (20.9 %) sin enfermedad. El criterio para evaluar la respuesta fue la experiencia del médico imagenólogo en 39 (90.7 %) y RECIST 1.1 en cuatro (9.3 %). Por PET/TC con 18-FDG se diagnosticó falta de respuesta al tratamiento o respuesta parcial-recurrencia en 32 pacientes (74.4 %) y con respuesta al tratamiento en 11 (25.6 %); con los criterios PERCIST en 13 (30.2 %) y con los de Deuaville en 30 (69.8 %). Al comparar el diagnóstico por TAC contra PET/TC, de 11 pacientes con respuesta total, tres tuvieron diagnóstico tomográfico similar. De los 34 pacientes con datos de enfermedad diagnosticados por tomografía, 26 tuvieron resultados similares por PET/TC con 18-FDG (p = 0.54). Conclusión: El valor de la respuesta al tratamiento por TAC en linfoma no concuerda con el obtenido mediante PET/TC con 18-FDG.


Abstract Introduction: The assessment of lymphoma response to treatment is based on imaging studies. Objective: To correlate the assessment of lymphoma treatment response by computed tomography (CT) and by positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT). Method: Cross-sectional, observational study, where records of patients with lymphoma under surveillance by CT and PET/CT were reviewed. Results: The study population consisted of 43 patients with a mean age of 32.7 ± 22.4 years; 26 (60.5 %) had a diagnosis of Hodgkin’s lymphoma and 17 (9.5 %) had non-Hodgkin lymphoma. By CT, 34 (79.1 %) were diagnosed with disease and nine (20.9 %) without disease. The criteria used to assess the response was radiologist experience in 39 (90.7 %) and RECIST 1.1 criteria in four (9.3 %). The diagnosis by 18-FDG PET/CT was no response to treatment or partial response-recurrence in 32 (74.4 %) and response to treatment in 11 (25.6 %); with PERCIST criteria in 13 (30.2 %) and Deuaville criteria in 30 (69.8 %). When the diagnosis by CT versus 18-FDG PET/CT was compared, out of 11 patients with complete response on PET/CT, three had a similar CT diagnosis. Of the 34 patients with data consistent disease diagnosed by CT, 26 had similar results by 18-FDG PET/CT (p = 0.54). Conclusion: The value of lymphoma treatment response on CT does not agree with that obtained by 18-FDG PET/CT.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Young Adult , Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin/diagnostic imaging , Hodgkin Disease/diagnostic imaging , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography , Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin/therapy , Hodgkin Disease/therapy , Cross-Sectional Studies , Treatment Outcome , Fluorodeoxyglucose F18
3.
Prensa méd. argent ; 105(5): 270-276, jun 2019. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-1024414

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Identificar la frecuencia de síndromes geriátricos en una unidad de primer nivel de atención médica. Material y Métodos: Estudio descriptivo, observacional, prospectivo, transversal, realizado en 376 pacientes de primer nivel de atención. Se utilizaron las escalas de Yesavage y de Katz evaluando depresión y autonomía respectivamente. Para fines de este estudio se interrrogó la presencia de incontinencia urinaria, polifarmacia, trastornos del sueño y estado nutricional. Utilizamos estadística descriptiva. Resultados: 376 pacientes, 219 (58%) femeninos, 157 (42%) masculinos, edad promedio 72.57, mínima: 65, máxima: 95, desviación estándar: ± 7.08. Se observó por lo menos un síndrome en 371 (98.7%) pacientes. La depresión se detectó en 303 (80.9%), la polifarmacia se observó en 282 (75%), en cuanto a los trastornos del sueño se encontraron en 262 (69.7%), las caídas se encontraron en 63 (16.8%), la incontinencia urinaria en 19 (5.1%), en cuanto a la obesidad en 15 (4%) y de la pérdida de la autonomía en 3 (0.8%). Conclusión: El 98.7 % padecen por lo menos un síndrome geriátrico, el género femenino es el más afectado, el síndrome más frecuente es depresión, seguida de polifarmacia, trastorno del sueño, caídas, incontinencia urinaria, obesidad y pérdida de la autonomía (AU)


AIM: to identify the frequency of Geriatric syndromes in a Single First Level Medical Facility. Material and methods: observational, prospective, cross-sectional, study held in 376 patients from First Level Medical Facility. We usedYesavage and Katz scales to evaluate depression and autonomy respectively. For this purpose we interrogate: urinary incontinence, polypharmacy, sleep disturbances and nutritional status. Results: 376 patients, 219 female, 157 male, median age 72, SD 7.08, mínimun 65, maximum 95 years. From the total of patients 303 (80.9%) was in depresion, 282 (75%) with polypharmacy, 262 (69.7%) on sleep disturbances, 63 (16.8%) of the falling down was found it, 19 (5.1%) urinary incontinence, 15 (4%) under obesity, and 3 (0.8%) with loss of the autonomy. conclusions: Geriatric syndrome is presented in more than 90%, female are most affected and depression is the most common syndrome (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Quality of Health Care/organization & administration , Health Programs and Plans , Health Surveys , Medical Care , Health Services for the Aged/economics
4.
Prensa méd. argent ; 104(8): 391-402, oct2018. tab, fig
Article in Spanish | BINACIS, LILACS | ID: biblio-1050463

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Determinar la Relación de la saturación central venosa de oxígeno (ScvO2) >_70% con la mortalidad, en el choque séptico en pacientes que ingresan al servicio de terapia intensiva pediátrica del HGR 36, Puebla. Métodos: Estudio, descriptivo, longitudinal, observacional. Se identificaron todos los pacientes de un mes a 14 años de edad que ingresaron a unidad de terapia intensiva con el diagnóstico de choque séptico. Se corroboró la colocación de un catéter venoso central para la medición de la ScvO2 a su ingreso y las 6 horas. Calificamos con el Indice Pediátrico de Mortalidad (PIM2) para medir el riesgo de mortalidad en cada paciente. Se realizó estadística descriptiva. Resultados: Fueron 15 pacientes, 8 (53.3%) femeninos y 7 (46.7%) masculinos. El PIM2 obtuvo un promedio de 7.42 % al ingreso, y a las 6 horas fue de 13.4%. El promedio de la saturación venosa central de oxígeno al ingreso de los pacientes a la terapia intensiva pediátrica fue de 56% y a las 6 horas el promedio alcanzó 71%. Ningún paciente falleció durante la reanimación cardiiopulmonar desde su ingreso. Conclusión: En base a los resultados anteriores podemos concluir, que no hay una correlación entre la ScvO2 >_ 70% y la mortalidad en los pacientes pediátricos con choque séptico


Objective: To determine the ratio of central venous oxygen saturation (ScvO2) >_ 70% mortality in septic shock patients admitted to pediatric intensive care unit of the HGR 36, Puebla. Methods: A descriptive, longitudinal, observational study. We identified all patients from one month to 14 years of age who were admitted to ICU with a diagnosis of septic shock. It confirmed the placement of a central venous atheter for the measurrement of income and ScvO2 to 6 hours. Qualified with the Pediatric Index of Mortality (PIM2) to measure the risk of death in each patient. We performed descriptive statistics. Results: there were 15 patients,eight (53.3%) female and 7 (46.7%) male. The PIM2 obtained an average of 7.42%. To entry, and 6 hours was 13.4%. The mean central venous oxygen saturation on admission of patients to the pediatric intensive care was 56% and 6 hours on average reached 71%. No patient died during cardiopulmonary resuscitation from your income. Conclusion: Based on previous results we can conclude that there is no coelation between ScvO2 >_70% and mortality in pediatric patients with septic shock


Subject(s)
Humans , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Child, Preschool , Adolescent , Oxygen Consumption , Shock, Septic/mortality , Biomarkers , Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome/drug therapy , Sepsis/mortality , Critical Care , Anaerobiosis , Hypoxia/diagnosis
5.
Prensa méd. argent ; 104(5): 252-259, jul2018. tab
Article in English | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-1049318

ABSTRACT

Hon en día entre el 5-10% de los pacientes que ingresan a un hospital adquiere una infección nosocomial, 20% de estas son reportadas en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos. La incidencia es 2 a 5 veces más alta que en otros servicios hospitalarios. Objetivos: Describir la epidemiología de los patógenos intrahospitalarios en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos y su resistencia antibiótica. Material y métoos: Estudio transversal. La información se obtuvo de expedientes en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos siendo considerados solos los pacientes que desarrollaron una infección nosocomial. Resultados: Un total de 35 muestras fueron analizadas, dos grupos se obtuvieron, 24 gram positivos y 11 gram negativos. La edad media de los pacientes fue de 41.79 (78-18) ± 21.22 años. El principal sitio de infección reportado en ambos grupos, gram-negativos y gram-positivos fue la vía respiratoria baja en un 58,.3% y 81.1% respectivamente. Para el grupo de gram negativos los tres principales organismos aislados en los cultivos fueron: Klebsiella pneumoniae in 29.2% (n=7)., Acinetobacter baumanii en 25% (n=6) y Pseudomonas aeruginosa en 16.7% (n=4) por otra parte para el grupo de gram positivos la principal bacteria aislada fue: Enterococcus facalis in 27.3% (n=3). A su vez, con respecto al tratamiento inicial en el grupo de gram negativos fue en un 79.2% con dos o más antibióticos, 16.7% con ceftriaxona y 4.2% con cefazolina. Aunado a ello el tratamiento inicial para el grupo de gram positivos en ocho casos, dos o más antibióticos fueron usados, en 2 metropenem fue usado y en uno con ceftriaxona. En relación con la resistencia antibiótica para gram negativos el principal fue para ampicilina y ceftriaxona en un 100%, cefazolina y aztreonam en un 95.8%. A su vez par el grupo de gram positivos, los antibióticos asociados a resistencia fueron eritromicina y claritromicina en un 90.9%. Conclusión: De esta investigación, los médicos podrán orientarse en esta unidad, para el tratamiento de las infecciones nosocomiales, las guías nacionales establecen que el tratamiento empírico debe ser realizado con el conocimiento de las resistencias bacterianas a antibióticos


Nowadays, between 5-10% of the general in-patient hospital population gets a nosocomial inflection, 20% of these infections are reported in the Intensive Care Unit. It has been reportd that the incidence of nosocomial infections at the Intensive Care Unit is about 2 to 5 times higher than in other hospital services. Objectives: Describe the epidemiology of intrahospital pathogens in the Intensive Care Unit and their antimicrobial resistance. Material and methods: Cross-sectional study. Information was obtained from medical records of patients at the Intensive Care Unit considering only the ones whom developed a nosocomial infection. Thirty-five samples were considered, from these, two groups, were obtained. The period of time considered for this study was from June to December 2016 at the High Specialty Medical Unit, Hospital of Trauma and Orthopedic of the Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS). Results: A total of 35 samples were analyzed, two groups were obtained, 24 gram positive and 11 gram negative. The mean age of the patients was of 41.79 (78-18) ±21.22 years old. Principal site of infection reported in both groups, gram- negative and gram-positive was the respiratory low tract in a 58.3% and 81.1% respectively. For gram negative group three main organisms were isolated in cultures Klebsiella pneumoniae in 29.2% (n=7). Acinetobacter baumannii in 25% (n=6) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa in a 16.7% (n=4) besides for gram pisitive group the main bactria isolated in cultures was. Enterococcus faecalis in 27.3% (n=3). On the other band, corresponding to initial treatment in gram negative group 79.2% were treated sith two or more antibiotics, 16.7% with ceftriaxone and 4.2% with cefazolin. In addition to initial treatment for gram positive group in 8 cases, 2 or ore antibiotics were used, in 2 meropenem was used and 1 with ceftriaxone. In relation to antibiotic resistance for gram negative group the greatest was for ampicillin and ceftriaxone with a 100% resistance, cefazolin and aztreonam in a 95.8%. As well, for gram positive group, antibiotics associated with resistance were erythomycin and clarithromycin 980.9%. Conclusion: From this investigation, medical practitiioners could be oriented for the treatment of nosocomial infections in this unit, as a matter of fact national guidelines establish that empirical treatmente should be assed with the knowledge of the microorganism's resistences


Subject(s)
Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , R Factors , Cross Infection/epidemiology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections , Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections , Drug Resistance, Bacterial
6.
Prensa méd. argent ; 103(4): 189-195, 20170000. tab, fig
Article in Spanish | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-1378439

ABSTRACT

Introducción: Las infecciones de vías urinarias (IVU) constituyen un problema de salud mundial. El aumento de la resistencia bacteriana a los antimicrobianos limita la administración de antibióticos económicos y de espectro limitado, lo que afecta el costo y el acceso a la atención. El objetivo de este trabajo es determinar la sensibilidad, resistencia y germen causal en urocultivos realizados en pacientes con infección clínica de vías urinarias. Métodos: Estudio transversal. Se analizaron urocultivos de pacientes con infección clínica de vías urinarias, cada urocultivo correspondió a un paciente. Las variables fueron edad, género, microorganismo causal, resistencia y sensibilidad a los antimicrobianos. Se realizó en la Unidad de Medicina Familiar No. 222 del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social en Toluca Estado de México. Se evaluaron urocultivos con más de 100000 Unidades formadoras de colonias. Se realizó mediciones descriptivas, frecuencias y porcentajes en el programa SPSS v. 17 para Windows. Resultados: se incluyeron urocultivos de pacientes con infección clínica de vías urinarias. La edad promedio de los pacientes fue de 50.09 ± 19.43 años, con predominio del género femenino (211 pacientes). Los agentes causales más frecuentes fueron: Escherichia Coli (51.91%), Proteus mirabilis (14.70%) y Staphylococcus (11.11 %). Los antibióticos con mayor sensibilidad fueron: imipenem, cefotetan y meropenem (34%). Los antimicrobianos con mayor resistencia fueron: ampicilina (24%), ciprofloxacino (22%) y ampicilina con sulbactam (20%). Conclusiones: los microorganismos más frecuentemente fueron: Escherichia coli y Proteus; y los antimicrobianos a los que mostraron más resistencia bacteriana fueron: ampicilina y quinolonas.


Introduction: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are a global health problem. Increased bacterial resistance to antimicrobials limits the administration of low-spectrum antibiotics, which affect cost and access to care. The objective of this work is to determine the sensitivity, resistance and causal germ in urine cultures in patients with clinical urinary tract infection Methods: Transversal study. Urine cultures of patients with clinical urinary tract infection were analyzed, each urine culture corresponded to one patient. The variables were age, gender, causal microorganism, resistance and sensitivity to antimicrobials. It was performed at the Family Medicine Unit No. 222 of the Mexican Institute of Social Security in Toluca State of Mexico. Urocultures were evaluated with more than 100,000 colony forming units. Measurements were made frequencies and percentages in the SPSS program version 17 for Windows. Results: there were included 558 urine cultures; the average age was 50.09 ± 19.43 years, female predominance (211 patients). The most common causative microorganisms were Escherichia coli (51.91%), Proteus mirabilis (14.70%) and Staphylococcus (11.11%). Most sensitive antibiotics were: imipenem, meropenem and cefotetan (34%). Most resistance antimicrobial were: ampicillin (24%), ciprofloxacin (22%) and ampicillin with sulbactam (20%). Conclusions: Escherichia coli and Proteus were the most commonly isolated microorganisms; Ampicillin and quinolones showed more bacterial resistence.


Subject(s)
Humans , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Proteus Infections/immunology , Bacterial Infections/therapy , Urinary Tract Infections/therapy , Cross-Sectional Studies , Uropathogenic Escherichia coli/immunology , Urine Specimen Collection , Anti-Infective Agents/therapeutic use , Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use
7.
Prensa méd. argent ; 103(3): 149-155, 20170000. tab, fig
Article in Spanish | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-1378787

ABSTRACT

Introducción: La enfermedad degenerativa lumbar ocasiona lumbalgia, es la patología musculo esquelética más frecuente en mayores de 65 años, la segunda causa de las consultas médicas en primer nivel, quinta en admisión en hospitales y tercera de cirugía de columna lumbar que ocasiona incapacidad y limitación de actividades cotidianas. El objetivo es correlacionar la calidad de vida con limitación funcional en pacientes con lumbalgia crónica degenerativa. Metodología: estudio transversal, en 243 adultos mayores con lumbalgia degenerativa, de ambos géneros, mayores de 65 años, con lumbalgia crónica y limitación funcional de actividades cotidianas. Se utilizó Escala Visual Analógica (EVA), Cuestionario de Salud SF-36 y Escala de Incapacidad por Dolor Lumbar de OSWESTRY. La estadística fue descriptiva y correlación Spearman. Resultados: N=273, edad media 77 ± 6.9 años, 63.38% fueron mujeres, 48.97% pensionados, 20.17% analfabetas, 25.10% nivel secundaria, 65.85% casados. En el SF-36: calidad de vida promedio 39.2, con mayor afectación en el dominio de funcionamiento social: media 51.99; OSWESTRY: imitación funcional mínima y moderada en 23.9%, limitación severa a máxima en 76.1%; EVA: 59.3% dolor leve a moderado y 40.7% dolor intenso y con el peor dolor posible; hubo correlación negativa entre SF-36 y OSWESTRY: -.830, p=0.000; tambien correlación negativa entre calidad de vida y grado de dolor: -.798 p<0.0001 y correlación positiva entre limitación funcional y grado de dolor: 0.734 p=0.000. Conclusión: La calidad de vida tiene correlación negativa con limitación funcional y dolor; la correlación entre limitación funcional y dolor es positiva en adultos mayores con lumbalgia crónica


Introduction: Lumbar degenerative disease causes lumbago, is the most common muscleskeletal pathology in patients over 65 yearsold and the second leading cause of medical consultations at first medical level, the fifth in hospital admissions and third of lumbar spine surgery. It causes disability and limitation of daily activities. The objective is to correlate the quality of life with functional limitation in patients with Atraumatic Chronic Lumbago. Methods: Cross-sectional study in 243, older than 65 years old, male and female, with Atraumatic Chronic Lumbago and functional limitation of daily activities. Visual Analog Scale (VAS), SF-36 and Oswestry questionaries were applied. Descriptive and correlation statistics were used. Results: N=273, mean age 77 ± 6.9 years, 63.38% women, 48.97% pensioners, 20.17% illiterate, 25.10% High School level and 65.85% were married. SF-36: 39.2 quality of life average was 39.2, with greater involvement in the social functioning domain: 51.99 media. OSWESTRY: moderate and low functional limitation in 23.9%, severe to maximum limitation in 76.1%; VAS mild to moderate pain in 59.3% and 40.7% severe pain and worst pain possible; there were negative correlation between SF -36 and OSWESTRY -.830, p= 0.000 and between quality of life and degree of pain: -.798 p < 0.0001; correlation between and positive degree of functional limitation and degree of pain was positive: 0.734 p=0.000. Conclusion: Quality of life is negatively correlated with pain and functional limitation; and the correlation between pain and functional limitation is positive in older adults with chronic low back pain


Subject(s)
Humans , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Pain/rehabilitation , Quality of Life , Pain Measurement , Cross-Sectional Studies/statistics & numerical data , Low Back Pain/therapy , Disabled Persons/rehabilitation , Rehabilitation Services , Intervertebral Disc Degeneration/therapy , Statistics, Nonparametric
8.
Rev. Fac. Med. UNAM ; 59(2): 24-27, mar.-abr. 2016. graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-957080

ABSTRACT

Resumen Antecedentes: La fístula biliar postraumática es el paso anormal del contenido líquido del tracto biliar hacia un órgano, cavidad o cuando se tiene un drenaje artificial hacia la superficie externa del abdomen. Es una secuela postraumática relativamente rara, ocurre en entre 0.5 y 2.6% de los casos de trauma hepático. El manejo endoscópico disminuye considerablemente la estancia hospitalaria y la morbimortalidad de estos pacientes. El objetivo es presentar un caso con fístula biliar postraumática manejado exitosamente con colocación endoscópica de prótesis Cotton 10 FR. Caso clínico: Varón de 28 años que sufrió contusión abdominal contra el volante. Es manejado conservadoramente durante una semana con mejoría leve. Fue sometido a laparotomía exploradora por abdomen agudo con 3000 mL de líquido biliar, se colocó drenaje. Presentó fuga biliar mayor de 500 mL/24 h; se realizó colangiopancreatografía retrógrada endoscópica y se encontró una fístula biliar tipo II; se le colocó prótesis tipo Cotton 10 FR, y 24 horas después el gasto disminuyó a menos de 50 mL/24 h. A los ocho días se retiró el drenaje y tres meses después la prótesis, el paciente no tuvo complicaciones mediatas ni tardías. Conclusión: El tratamiento con colocación de prótesis endoscópica es seguro y eficaz para el manejo de la fístula biliar postraumática.


Abstract Background: Post traumatic biliary fistula is the abnormal passage of liquid from the biliary tract to another organ, cavity or when an artificial drainage to the external surface of the abdomen exists. It is a relatively rare post traumatic sequel, that occurs between 0.5 and 2.6% of the hepatic traumatic cases. Previously, the treatment required a long hospital stay, nowadays the endoscopic management decreased considerably the hospital stay, as well as the morbidity and mortality in these patients. The objective is to describe a case with postraumatic biliary fistula managed with a Cotton 10 FR prosthesis placed endoscopically. Clinical case: 28-year-old male, suffering from abdominal contusion against the steering wheel causing liver lacerations and biliary fistula, which was treated conservatively for a week. . He underwent an exploratory laparotomy for acute abdomen with 3000 mL of bile fluid, afterwars a drain was placed. A biliary leak continued through the drain (greater than 500mL/24 h), an endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography was performed and a biliary type II fistula was found. A Cotton 10 FR prosthesis was placed and 24 hours later the spending decreased to less than 50mL in 24 h. The drainage was removed on the eighth day and three months later the prosthesis was also removed, no mediate or late complications were presented. Conclusion: The conservative treatment does not offer good results; therefore the endoscopic stent placement is a safe and effective therapeutic alternative.

9.
Clinics ; 68(12): 1475-1480, dez. 2013. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-697701

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To identify the prevalence and factors associated with cervical human papillomavirus infection in women with systemic lupus erythematosus METHODS: This cross-sectional study collected traditional and systemic lupus erythematosus-related disease risk factors, including conventional and biologic therapies. A gynecological evaluation and cervical cytology screen were performed. Human papillomavirus detection and genotyping were undertaken by PCR and linear array assay. RESULTS: A total of 148 patients were included, with a mean age and disease duration of 42.5±11.8 years and 9.7±5.3 years, respectively. The prevalence of squamous intraepithelial lesions was 6.8%. The prevalence of human papillomavirus infection was 29%, with human papillomavirus subtype 59 being the most frequent. Patients with human papillomavirus were younger than those without the infection (38.2±11.2 vs. 44.2±11.5 years, respectively; p = 0.05), and patients with the virus had higher daily prednisone doses (12.8±6.8 vs. 9.7±6.7 mg, respectively; p = 0.01) and cumulative glucocorticoid doses (14.2±9.8 vs. 9.7±7.3 g, respectively; p = 0.005) compared with patients without. Patients with human papillomavirus infection more frequently received rituximab than those without (20.9% vs. 8.5%, respectively; p = 0.03). In the multivariate analysis, only the cumulative glucocorticoid dose was associated with human papillomavirus infection. CONCLUSIONS: The cumulative glucocorticoid dose may increase the risk of human papillomavirus infection. Although rituximab administration was more frequent in patients with human papillomavirus infection, no association was found. Screening for human papillomavirus infection is recommended in women with systemic lupus erythematosus. .


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived/adverse effects , Glucocorticoids/adverse effects , Immunologic Factors/adverse effects , Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/drug therapy , Papillomavirus Infections/chemically induced , Uterine Cervical Diseases/chemically induced , Cross-Sectional Studies , Cervix Uteri/cytology , Cervix Uteri/virology , DNA, Viral , Genotype , Logistic Models , Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/complications , Mexico/epidemiology , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Prevalence , Papillomavirus Infections/epidemiology , Risk Factors , Socioeconomic Factors , Uterine Cervical Diseases/epidemiology , Uterine Cervical Diseases/virology , Vaginal Smears
10.
Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz ; 101(7): 733-740, Nov. 2006. graf, mapas, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-439456

ABSTRACT

In Mexico, despite the relatively high seroprevalence of Trypanosoma cruzi infection in humans in some areas, reported morbidity of Chagas disease is not clear. We determined clinical stage in 71 individuals seropositive to T. cruzi in the state of Puebla, Mexico, an area endemic for Chagas disease with a reported seroprevalence of 7.7 percent. Diagnosis of Chagas disease was made by two standardized serological tests (ELISA, IHA). Individuals were stratified according to clinical studies. All patients were submitted to EKG, barium swallow, and barium enema. Groups were identified as indeterminate form (IF) asymptomatic individuals without evidence of abnormalities (n = 34 cases); those with gastrointestinal alterations (12 patients) including symptoms of abnormal relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter and absent peristalsis in the esophageal body, grade I megaesophagus, and/or megacolon; patients with clinical manifestations and documented changes of chronic Chagas heart disease who were subdivided as follows: mild (8 patients) - mild electrocardiographic changes of ventricular repolarization, sinus bradychardia); moderate (6 patients) - left bundle branch block, right bundle branch block associated with left anterior fascicular block); severe (8 patients) - signs of cardiomegaly, dilated cardiomyopathy); and the associated form (3 cases) that included presence of both cardiomyopathy and megaesophagus. These data highlight the importance of accurate evaluation of the prevalence and clinical course of Chagas disease in endemic and non-endemic areas of Mexico.


Subject(s)
Humans , Animals , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Antibodies, Protozoan/blood , Antigens, Protozoan , Chagas Disease/classification , Endemic Diseases , Trypanosoma cruzi/immunology , Chronic Disease , Chagas Disease/diagnosis , Chagas Disease/epidemiology , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Hemagglutination Inhibition Tests , Mexico/epidemiology , Seroepidemiologic Studies , Severity of Illness Index , Xenodiagnosis
11.
Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz ; 101(6): 585-590, Sept. 2006. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-437049

ABSTRACT

In this study, three strains of Trypanosoma cruzi were isolated at the same time and in the same endemic region in Mexico from a human patient with chronic chagasic cardiomyopathy (RyC-H); vector (Triatoma barberi) (RyC-V); and rodent reservoir (Peromyscus peromyscus) (RyC-R). The three strains were characterized by multilocus enzyme electrophoresis, random amplified polymorphic DNA, and by pathological profiles in experimental animals (biodemes). Based on the analysis of genetic markers the three parasite strains were typed as belonging to T. cruzi I major group, discrete typing unit 1. The pathological profile of RyC-H and RyC-V strains indicated medium virulence and low mortality and, accordingly, the strains should be considered as belonging to biodeme Type III. On the other hand, the parasites from RyC-R strain induced more severe inflammatory processes and high mortality (> 40 percent) and were considered as belonging to biodeme Type II. The relationship between genotypes and biological characteristics in T. cruzi strains is still debated and not clearly understood. An expert committee recommended in 1999 that Biodeme Type III would correspond to T. cruzi I group, whereas Biodeme Type II, to T. cruzi II group. Our findings suggest that, at least for Mexican isolates, this correlation does not stand and that biological characteristics such as pathogenicity and virulence could be determined by factors different from those identified in the genotypic characterization


Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Humans , Mice , Chagas Disease/parasitology , Genetic Variation , Parasitemia/parasitology , Trypanosoma cruzi/genetics , Chagas Disease/pathology , Disease Models, Animal , Electrophoresis, Agar Gel , Genotype , Mexico , Mice, Inbred BALB C , Peromyscus , Parasitemia/pathology , Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA Technique , Triatoma , Trypanosoma cruzi/isolation & purification , Trypanosoma cruzi/pathogenicity , Virulence
12.
Cir. & cir ; 69(2): 56-61, mar.-abr. 2001. graf, CD-ROM
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-303099

ABSTRACT

Introducción: en 1965 Nissen y Rosetti propusieron una modificación a la técnica descrita por Nissen en 1956, que consistía en la funduplicación usando la superficie anterior del estómago, sin embargo las modificaciones se vinieron a dar hasta que se logró conocer la anatomía y fisiología de la unión esofagogástrica. Objetivos: revisar los expedientes de todos los pacientes operados de cirugía antirreflujo con técnica de Nissen en el Hospital de Especialidades del Centro Médico Nacional "M. Avila Camacho" durante enero a diciembre de 1998, con el fin de evaluar sus complicaciones, estudiando variables como edad, sexo, tipo de cirugía y tiempo de presentación de las mismas. Resultados: durante el periodo en estudio se efectuaron 55 procedimientos antirreflujo, los cuales correspondieron: Nissen 49, Nissen Rosetti 2 y Toupet 4. De éstos, se estudiaron las complicaciones de la técnica de Nissen debido a que es el grupo más significativo por el número de procedimientos realizados. Las dividimos en transoperatorias que fueron 3 que correspondieron 1 a perforación esofágica, 1 a perforación del fondo gástrico, 1 a esplenectomía y en posoperatorias que fueron evisceración en 4 pacientes, 1 distensión gástrica aguda, resueltas de forma quirúrgica. Síntomas secundarios a la cirugía se presentaron en los siguientes pacientes: disfagia 13 (26.53 por ciento), distensión gástrica 3 (6.12 por ciento), incapacidad para eructar y vomitar 4 (8.16 por ciento), dolor epigástrico 5 (10.20 por ciento), distensión y flatulencia 9 (18.36 por ciento), sin presentarse recidiva del reflujo en ninguno. La mortalidad se presentó en 2 (4.08 por ciento) pacientes por mediastinitis y choque séptico. En 25 (51.02 por ciento) el efecto antirreflujo fue inmediato y sin otros síntomas. A los seis meses de operados 96 por ciento de los pacientes se encontraba asintomático.Se concluye que existen complicaciones en los procedimientos antirreflujo, que se debe realizar un protocolo preoperatorio completo que incluya estudios tales como serie esófago-gastro-duodenal, manometría esofágica, pH metría de 24 h, endoscopia, tránsito esofágico, vaciamiento gástrico, videoesofagograma, endosonografía esofágica y tomografía computada para decidir de esta manera el procedimiento adecuado, que es necesario identificar más tempranamente las complicaciones graves transoperatorias y que es necesario realizar endoscopia de control a los seis meses posteriores al procedimiento para evaluar los resultados.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant , Child, Preschool , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Esophagitis, Peptic/surgery , Fundoplication/adverse effects , Fundoplication/statistics & numerical data , Social Security , Esophagogastric Junction/physiology
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