ABSTRACT
Background: Adherence to treatment is a large obstacle in the management of chronic diseases. Aim: To evaluate therapeutic adherence and its relationship with glycemic control in patients with gestational diabetes using two types of treatment. Material and Methods: The Measurement of Treatment Adherence (MAT) questionnaire was applied to 93 patients with gestational diabetes. Fifty-two used metformin 41 were treated with insulin. Obstetric and socio-demographic data were collected. Results: A higher therapeutic adherence was associated with a better glycemic control. Women with a higher education level had a better adherence to treatment. The adherence and metabolic control were higher in women treated with metformin. Conclusions: Therapeutic adherence is an important factor for adequate glycemic control.
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Adult , Young Adult , Diabetes, Gestational/drug therapy , Medication Adherence/statistics & numerical data , Hypoglycemic Agents/therapeutic use , Cross-Sectional Studies , Surveys and Questionnaires , Gestational Age , Diabetes, Gestational/prevention & control , Educational Status , Insulin/therapeutic use , Metformin/therapeutic useABSTRACT
RESUMEN Introducción: La Diabetes Gestacional (DG) es la intolerancia a carbohidratos que se reconoce por primera vez durante el embarazo. En México la prevalencia es del 8.7-17.7%. Estas pacientes tienen mayor riesgo de complicaciones maternas-fetales en comparación con la población general. Objetivo: Determinar el nivel de conocimiento sobre factores de riesgo y complicaciones materno-fetales de DG. Métodos: Se realizó una encuesta en un hospital público del Noroeste de México con 150 embarazadas, se midió el conocimiento sobre factores de riesgo y complicaciones materno-fetales relacionadas con DG mediante una encuesta elaborada y validada con KR-20 del 0.87 y Pérez-Padilla y Viniegra de 8. Resultados: La edad media de la población fue 27 años, con estrato socioeconómico II de Graffar en 88%, predominando escolaridad preparatoria en 41%, el 81% de ellas cuenta con pareja, 79% residen en área urbana, 57% es trabajadora, 80% sin coomorbilidades, 90% sin antecedente de DG, así como no haber recibido platicas sobre DG en 69%. El nivel de conocimiento encontrado fue: 48% azar, 19% muy bajo, 16% bajo, 11% regular, 2% alto, 4% muy alto. Conclusiones: Existe un bajo nivel de conocimiento de factores de riesgo y complicaciones de la DG entre las embarazadas. Éste nivel aumenta a mayor nivel educativo y económico, al tener antecedente de diabetes gestacional en embarazos previos y de recibir pláticas sobre este tema.
ABSTRACT Introduction: Gestational Diabetes (GD) is the carbohydrate intolerance that is recognized for the first time during pregnancy. In Mexico, the prevalence is 8.7-17.7%. These patients have a higher risk of maternal-fetal complications compared to the general population. Objective: To determine the level of knowledge about risk factors and maternal-fetal complications of GD. Methods: A survey was conducted in a public hospital in Northwest Mexico, with 150 pregnant women, knowledge about risk factors and maternal-fetal complications related to GD was measured through a survey developed and validated with KR-20 of 0.87 and Perez-Padilla and Viniegra of 8. Results: The average age of the population was 27 years, with Graffar socioeconomic level II in 88%, with preparatory schooling prevailing in 41%, 81% of them have a partner, 79% live in an urban area, 57% are working, 80% without coomorbidity, 90% without background of DG, as well as not having received talks on DG in 69%. The level of knowledge found was: 48% chance, 19% very low, 16% low, 11% regular, 2% high, 4% very high. Conclusions: There is a low level of knowledge of risk factors and complications of GD among pregnant women. This level increases to a higher educational and economic level, having a history of gestational diabetes in previous pregnancies and receiving talks on this topic.