effect of metacognitive intervention on symptoms of patient with body dysmorphic disorder: a case study

Background and Purpose: Patients whit body dysmorphic disorders have dysfunctional negative thoughts about their physical appearance. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of metacognitive intervention on body dysmorphic disorder in a 20-year-old male case

Methods and Materials: This case study used the single case experimental design to reduce the symptoms of a male patient with BDD diagnosis. To collect the data, the client completed the questionnaire in pre-test [as a base-line], last treatment session [as the post-test], and six months after treatment [follow-up]: Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale Modified for BDD [YBOCS-BDD], Thought Fusion Instrument [TFI], Body Dysmorphic Metacognition Questionnaire [BDMCQ], and Beck Anxiety inventory [BAI]. For data analysis, the data chart analysis and graphical methods were used and based on the ascending and descending trend of the scores, effectiveness of the intervention was judged

Results: The scores for the pre-test, post-test, and follow-up examinations were 30, 10, and 10, respectively. His scores of the TFI were 820, 100, and 120, respectively. Finally, the scores for BDMCQ came up to be 45, 10, and 11, respectively, and the scores for [BAI] were: 47-16-18 respectively. Based on the clinical significance measures, the reduction of the symptoms was significant

Conclusion: The metacognitive intervention is effective in reducing the symptoms of the body dysmorphic disorder

relationship between attachment styles and depression in university students

Background and Purpose: The relationship between the quality of attachment and psychological injuries include a wide range of psychological research. The aim of this study was to compare the attachment styles in normal students and those with high depressive symptoms

Materials and methods: This case-control research involved the population of female university students at the Teacher Training University of Tehran during the education year 2010-2011. The sample included 82 students [41 depressed and 41 normal]. The instruments were Beck Depression Inventory [BDI], clinical interview and Revised Adult Attachment Scale [Collins and Read, 1990]. To analyze the data the multivariate analysis of variance [MANOVA] was used in SPSS 16

Results: Mean scores of the depressed and non-depressed students in three attachment styles [secure, avoidance insecure and ambivalent insecure] were 55.44 +/- 4.33, 12.59 +/- 2.55, 13.13 +/- 2.77, 18.69 +/- 4.23, 13.35 +/- 3.01 and 88.44 +/- 1.67 respectively. The mean score of depressed insecure ambivalent style was higher than that of the non-depressed group [F=5.59, P<0.02]; and the mean score of the non-depressed group was higher than that of the depressed secure attachment style [14.18, P<0.001]. There was no significant difference between the two groups in the avoidance attachment style [p<0.19]

Conclusion: Based on the results, non-depressed people have a secure attachment style and depressed ones have an ambivalent insecure style

relationship between spiritual well-being and mental health of university students

Background and Purpose: Since mental disorders usually occur throughout lifetime, establishing and keeping the sense of spiritual well-being can play a vital role in stress management. The present study investigated the relationship between spiritual well-being and mental health in university students

Methods and Materials: In this correlational descriptive study, 400 students from Hamadan Islamic Azad University [177 male and 223 female] with an average age of 22.7 +/- 4.57 years were selected through relative categorical sampling method from various faculties. They completed the spiritual well-being scale [SWBS] and general health questionnaire [GHQ-28]. Utilized stepwise multiple regression and multivariable analysis of variance [MANOVA] were used in SPSS 16 to analyze the obtained data

Results: The findings showed that mean well-being scores and mental health were 89.18 +/- 17.14 and 52.48 +/- 15.76 respectively. Also, there was a significant correlation between spiritual wellbeing and mental health [r=- 0.55]. Also, 0.37 percent of mental health variance is explained via religious well-being. The results of the analysis of MANOVA showed that the female students' scores are higher than those of male ones [p<0.02, F=4.89] only in the subscale of religious well-being; while no significant difference was observed in other subscales

Conclusion: Based on the results, there is a relationship between spiritual well-being and mental health