ABSTRACT
Nausea and vomiting are from the most common complications of surgery during recovery. Adenotonsillectomy is a common surgery among children, which can be followed by some complications such as nausea, vomiting, bleeding, and even death in some cases. There are some medical and nonmedical remedies to decrease nausea and vomiting. A nonmedical therapeutic procedure is reduction of abdominal pressure using oral gastric tube. This study aims to assess effects of gastric tube insertion during anesthesia induction on nausea and vomiting of adenotonsillectomized patients. This study was a clinical trial on 72 adenotonsillectomised children aged 6 to 12 years old in Shahid Montazeri hospital of Najaf-Abad. Patients were randomly divided to two groups of case group [36 Children with oral gastric tube] and controls group [36 children without oral gastric tube]. Anesthesia method for both groups was similar. Frequency of nausea and vomiting were measured during the 24 hours following adenotonsillectomy. Data was analyzed using SPSS 15 and Mannwhithney U, Chi square, Spearman, Friedman and wilcoxon tests. Two groups were not significantly different regarding their demographic characteristics such as age, sex and weight [p>0.05]. Frequencies of nausea and vomiting were significantly lower in the intervention group comparing to the control group in the first 2 hours in recovery room as well as in the first 2, 6, and 14 hours of patient attendance in the postsurgical ward [P
ABSTRACT
Today dietary deficiency of selenium [Se], an important mineral in human nutrition, is common in many regions and communities. Se-enriched yeast, obtainable by growing Saccharomyces cerevisiae in Se-rich media, is considered as a source of organic Se suitable for alleviating its deficiency due to its high bioavailability, stability, digestability, and absorbability. Using a Plackett-Burman design, the effects of various culture medium conditions, including temperature [28 and 30°C], initial pH [4.5 and 5.8], shaking speed [130 and 160 rpm], fermentation duration [24 and 48 h], size of inoculum [30 and 60 g/l], Se concentration [15 and 25 micro g/ml] and time of Se addition [0 and 9 h], on the bioaccumulation of Se in the yeast were investigated.. The Se content in the yeast was determined by graphite-furnace atomic-absorption spectroscopy. The results showed that Se concentration, size of inoculums, temperature, time of Se addition and fermentation duration were, in ascending order, the most significant factors on the yield of total Se accumulation and organic Se formation in the yeast. Manipulating these conditions/variables could markedly affect the magnitudes of incorporation of Se and formation of organic Se in the yeast, the ranges being 107.9 to 287.6 mg/kg and 93.27 to 269.05 mg/kg, respectively. The most suitable culture medium conditions to attain the highest level of total and organic selenium Se biotransformation in yeast are a concentration of 25 micro g/ml sodium selenite, an inoculum size of 30 g/l, a temperature of 28°C, an initial pH of 5.8, a shaking speed of 130 rpm, an incubation time of 48 h, and adding the selenium source to the culture medium 9 hours after the start of fermentation
ABSTRACT
Leg cramps are common painful spasms especially in the lower extremities during pregnancy. The purpose of this study was to find a suitable alternative in the treatment of the disease. 217 patients reported leg cramps with different degrees and frequencies among 401 pregnant women in the second half of their pregnancies who visited the Prenatal Clinic of Imam Khomeini Hospital from July to December 2002. After preliminary evaluations for ruling out electrolyte imbalances or insufficient supply of dietary micronutrients, patients were randomly allocated into supplemental therapy [Calcium, magnesium or vitamin B intake for 2 weeks] and control groups. The groups were compared after 4 weeks according to their complete relief from leg cramps. The clinical findings and the data collected from the patients were analyzed by chisquare and t-student tests and a logistic regression model using the SPSS [V.[10]] software. There was a significant improvement in patients receiving vitamin B with 71% complete and 19% relative relief from leg cramps, compared to 9% complete relief in the control group- 29% and 52% in the groups receiving magnesium and calcium respectively [p<0.0001]. Although the high prevalence of leg cramps [55%] in the patients was not necessaryly related to dietary habits, but it seemed that supplementing symptomatic patients with vitamin B could be beneficial