[ impact of puberty health education on self concept of adolescents]

Introduction: Adolescents, as a large age group in the world, face many physical and psychological changes in their puberty period. If enough attention is not paid to such changes, may be girls won't knowledge and self concept to charge the case. Health education proper to their needs and through new educational methods and reliable sources is of great importance. This study mainly aims to examine the impact of puberty health education on self concept of adolescents

Method: In this experimental trial training study, through random sampling, 159 femail high school divided in to two groups of experimental [N=86] and control [N=73]. Then with a systemic educational plan, all students and their mothers in experimental group were instructed. Data was gathered by demographic questionnaire and Cooper smith's self esteem scale. Questionnaires were completed by students in three phases [before and after training and three months after the end of educational program]. Data were analyzed by parametric tests, independent T test and chi square

Results: There were no significant difference among total mean scores of self concept in pre intervention phase [P=0.416], but, there were significant difference in two groups in post intervention phase and three months after the intervention [P=0.002] and [P<0.001]

Conclusion: Performing systemic educational programs during puberty has a crucial role in young girl's self concept increase

[Anxiety and its relationship with infertility and obstetrics factors in ART pregnant women]

Although Pregnancy is a normal and pleasant event in women's life, but it often involves psychological and behavioral changes and can result in stress, particularly in those women whom their pregnancies is occurred after infertility treatment. Accordingly this study aims to determine the anxiety level of the women whose pregnancies have occurred using Assisted Reproduction Technologies [ARTs] and its relationship with infertility and obstetrics factors. In this cross sectional study, a total number of 100 women whose pregnancies have occurred using ARTs referring to three infertility centers of Tehran were recruited by convenience sampling. Anxiety was measured by Beck Anxiety inventory [BAI] and data related to infertility and obstetrics factors were collected by a researcher made questionnaire and was analyzed using SPSS-PC [v.14] by chi-square and fisher test. The mean age of the sample was 33.7 +/- 6.8 and the mean marriage duration, gestational age, infertility duration, and the number of ARTs treatment failures was 8.7 +/- 5.1, 20.1 +/- 10.8, 7.3 +/- 5.3 and 1.9 +/- 1.6 respectively. The findings revealed that 34% of the subjects were suffering from anxiety. There were significant relationships between anxiety levels and infertility duration [P=0.03] and also a history of treatment failure [p=0.02]. No significant relationship was found between anxiety and obstetrics factors. Infertility duration and a history of treatment failure were the two factors that affected the anxiety level during this king of pregnancy. Accordingly these women are required to be under special considerations from the beginning of infertility diagnosis and also before, during and after pregnancy

effect of touch therapy by mothers on anthropometric indices in preterm newborns

The effect of touch on the growth of newborns has been achieved by educated staff, but touch therapy by mothers, as the most important care provider for their infants, has not been focused in previous studies. In this randomized controlled trail and double blind study which was conducted at Tehran University of Medical Sciences in 2010, 60 preterm newborns, which were discharged from neonatal intensive care unit [NICU], were randomly allocated to a control and a touch therapy group [30 newborns in each group]. Touch therapy was directly instructed to the mother, also offering guide booklets to the mother. Touch was provided by mother for three periods, 20 minutes each, per day, until term corrected age. In two groups, neonate weight by the electronic weighing scale with an accuracy of +/- 10 grams, height with an infant meter, also head and chest circumference with a non-stretchable cloth-tape were measured at the time of discharge following the term corrected age. The statistical data was analyzed by the SPSS software using Kolmogrov Smirnov, Mann-Whitney, Chi-square, Independent T-test and Fisher test. The mean age, type of delivery, level of education, employment and socio-economic status in mothers of the two groups, also weight, sex and other neonate characteristics had no statistical differences. At the term corrected age, there were no differences in mean of height, head and chest circumference between two groups, but the interventional group showed an average weight gain more than the control group, [3373 +/- 270.3, 2905 +/- 372.6 gr] which was statistically significant [p=0.04]. It means that neonates in intervention group gained 468 grams more than the control group. Between all anthropometric measurements, only weight was affected by touch therapy. This might be due to the speed of weight gaining compared to increase in height, head and chest circumference

[Comparison the effect of breast feeding with routine clinical procedure on pain relieving during immunization injection]

Pain management is the challenging concepts in health workers. Since neonates have higher pain sensitivity in compare to childhood and adults. The objective of this study was to examine the pain relieving effect of breast feeding during immunization infections in healthy neonates. In this control randomized clinical trial, samples were divided two groups [by age and sex] of 76 healthy 2-4 months old term infants. In breast-fed group, 2 minutes before, during, and 15 seconds after the DPT immunization injection were in mother hug, and in control group as routine of clinic, were lied on the examining table during injection. Appearance of Neonates were observed and assessed by Modified Behavioral Pain Scale[MBPS] during 5 second before immunization to 15 second after it. In breast fed and control group mean of age were 81.53 +/- 41.46 and 81.61 +/- 40.59 day and for weight were 6.65 +/- 1.17 and 6.70 +/- 1.14 kg for height were 64.27 +/- 5.5 and 63.38 +/- 5.06 cm respectively. There were significant differences in Behavioral Pain Scores of two groups include: facial expression [4 items], cry [5 items], and movements [6 items]. [P<0.0001]. There is no statistically significant difference between the 2 groups for age, sex and the time of feeding prior to vaccination. Regarding to significant difference in behavioral of pain responds in two groups, it is suggested, with simple and safe intervention method of straight breast feeding reduce pain during immunization and muscular injections too