[Anxiety and its relationship with infertility and obstetrics factors in ART pregnant women]

Although Pregnancy is a normal and pleasant event in women's life, but it often involves psychological and behavioral changes and can result in stress, particularly in those women whom their pregnancies is occurred after infertility treatment. Accordingly this study aims to determine the anxiety level of the women whose pregnancies have occurred using Assisted Reproduction Technologies [ARTs] and its relationship with infertility and obstetrics factors. In this cross sectional study, a total number of 100 women whose pregnancies have occurred using ARTs referring to three infertility centers of Tehran were recruited by convenience sampling. Anxiety was measured by Beck Anxiety inventory [BAI] and data related to infertility and obstetrics factors were collected by a researcher made questionnaire and was analyzed using SPSS-PC [v.14] by chi-square and fisher test. The mean age of the sample was 33.7 +/- 6.8 and the mean marriage duration, gestational age, infertility duration, and the number of ARTs treatment failures was 8.7 +/- 5.1, 20.1 +/- 10.8, 7.3 +/- 5.3 and 1.9 +/- 1.6 respectively. The findings revealed that 34% of the subjects were suffering from anxiety. There were significant relationships between anxiety levels and infertility duration [P=0.03] and also a history of treatment failure [p=0.02]. No significant relationship was found between anxiety and obstetrics factors. Infertility duration and a history of treatment failure were the two factors that affected the anxiety level during this king of pregnancy. Accordingly these women are required to be under special considerations from the beginning of infertility diagnosis and also before, during and after pregnancy

[Comparison the effect of breast feeding with routine clinical procedure on pain relieving during immunization injection]

Pain management is the challenging concepts in health workers. Since neonates have higher pain sensitivity in compare to childhood and adults. The objective of this study was to examine the pain relieving effect of breast feeding during immunization infections in healthy neonates. In this control randomized clinical trial, samples were divided two groups [by age and sex] of 76 healthy 2-4 months old term infants. In breast-fed group, 2 minutes before, during, and 15 seconds after the DPT immunization injection were in mother hug, and in control group as routine of clinic, were lied on the examining table during injection. Appearance of Neonates were observed and assessed by Modified Behavioral Pain Scale[MBPS] during 5 second before immunization to 15 second after it. In breast fed and control group mean of age were 81.53 +/- 41.46 and 81.61 +/- 40.59 day and for weight were 6.65 +/- 1.17 and 6.70 +/- 1.14 kg for height were 64.27 +/- 5.5 and 63.38 +/- 5.06 cm respectively. There were significant differences in Behavioral Pain Scores of two groups include: facial expression [4 items], cry [5 items], and movements [6 items]. [P<0.0001]. There is no statistically significant difference between the 2 groups for age, sex and the time of feeding prior to vaccination. Regarding to significant difference in behavioral of pain responds in two groups, it is suggested, with simple and safe intervention method of straight breast feeding reduce pain during immunization and muscular injections too