[Effect of Zinc supplementation on serum testosterone and plasma lactate in male cyclist after one bout of exhaustive exercise]

There is fairly scarce information about the effects of zinc, an essential trace element, on exercise performance. Studies concentrate mostly on the distribution of this element in the body in response to exercise. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of exhaustion exercise on the testosterone levels and plasma lactates in road cyclists who are supplemented with oral zinc for 4 weeks. In this semi experimental sixteen male road cyclists, who were healthy in the first evaluation were selected from the Tehran traffic team and were divided into two groups according to mass body index; zinc group and control group. After 4 weeks zinc supplementation [30 mg/day], blood samples were collected from each subject before and after an exhaustive exercise bout. Data were analyzed by independent and paired sample t test. Total testosterone, free testosterione and lactate levels in two groups were increased by exercise [P<0.05] and there was no significant differences between total testosterone and lactate levels in two groups before and after exhaustion exercise [P>0.05]. There was a significant difference between effects of exhaustion exercise on free testosterone levels between two groups [P<0.05]. According to this study, zinc supplementation has no significant effects on testosterone and lactate levels in response to exercise in subjects with a balance diet. However, free testosterone levels were increased by exercise after zinc supplementation

[Effect of zinc and selenium supplementation on serum testosterone and plasma lactate in cyclists after one bout of exhaustive exercise]

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to investigate how exhaustion exercise affects testosterone levels and plasma lactates in road cyclists supplemented with oral zinc and selenium for 4 weeks

Materials and Methods: Twenty-four male road cyclists volunteers, were selected from the Tehran Traffic team, and based on BMI were divided into three groups; the selenium, zinc, and controls. The status of zinc and selenium in subjects was assessed at baseline. After 4 weeks of supplementation free, total testosterone, and lactate levels of all subjects were determined before and after exercise. Data was analyzed according to repeated measures ANOVA, and the Bonfferoni post hoc test, with a significance level of P<0.05

Results: Resting total, free testosterone, and lactate levels did not differ significantly between groups, and were increased by exercise [P>0.05]. Total testosterone levels in the Zn group were higher than in the Se group after exercise [P<0.05]. Free testosterone levels in the Zn group were higher than the other groups [P<0.05]. There was an insignificant difference between levels of lactate in the three groups after exercise [P>0.05]

Conclusion: According to this study, 4-week selenium and zinc supplementation had no significant effect on testosterone or lactate levels of subjects who had a zinc and selenium sufficient diet. Zinc supplementation increased levels of total testosterone in contrast with selenium group, and also increased free testosterone versus the other groups, whereas there was no change in the levels of lactate in the three groups post-test

Comparison of the efficacy of lidocaine patch and benzocaine gel reducing injection pain in children

The most important aspect of behavior management in children is pain. control. The most recent topical material used for reducing injection pain is Dentipatch. No study has been performed on the efficacy of this material in Iran. The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the effectiveness of Dentipatch with 20% Benzocain gel. For this clinical trial study, sixty children in need of bilateral posterior infiltration of maxillary buccal mucosa were selected. All children completed the General and Dental Anxiety Scale tests, and then received bilateral buccal infiltration either following 10 minutes application of Dentipatch or 2 minutes application of Benzocaine gel. For measuring pain, children were asked to complete a Visual Analogue Scale [VAS] after each injection, and to report which injection was more painful. The tests were performed by two trained observers. For comparison of pain reduction, the data were statistically analyzed using Paired t.test and Wilcoxan Sign Rank test. According to VAS, in children without dental anxiety, the scores of the gel and patch were 66.85 and 29.92 respectively p < 0.001. The dental anxious children reports were 70.85 for the gel and 25.91 for the patch [p < 0.001]. According to child's report, in children without dental anxiety, the gel score was 2.31 and the patch score was 0.54, whereas in dental anxious children the scores changed to 2.81 and 0.66 with a statistically significant difference [p < 0.001]. The effect of Dentipatch in reducing pain was more pronounced than Benzocaine gel. Further investigations are necessary in order to decrease the Dentipatch application time