ABSTRACT
The antimicrobial therapy for the treatment of bacteremia is often empirical in the first 48 hours and based on the epidemiological knowledge of susceptibility profiles of the most common bacteria causing such infections. The aim of our study was to determine the epidemiological profile and the antibiotics susceptibility of bacteria identified in blood culture in a teaching hospital center, to improve the empirical antibiotherapy for the treatment of bacteremia. A retrospective study was carried out at the Microbiology laboratory of Mohammed VI hospital of Marrakech from January 2008 to June 2009. It included all the bacteria identified in blood culture. We collected 146 strains responsible for bacteremia. Gram-negative bacilli [BGN] represented 52.7%. The most frequently isolated species were Staphylococcus aureus [21.3%], Entrobacter cloacae [14%], Acinetobacter baumannii [12.3%] and Pseudomonas aeruginosa [8.9%]. The incidence of resistance to methicillin were 48.3% for Staphylococcus aureus. No resistance of glycopeptides was found among the enterococci and staphylococci isolates. 64.3% of enterobacteriaceae were resistant to third generation cephalosporins and had a broad-spectrum betalactamase phenotype. The proportion of non fermenting Gram negative bacilli resistant to imipenem was 49.9%. The resistance rate of Acinetobacter baumannii and Pseudomonas, aeruginosa was 49.9% for imipenem. To carry out an epidemiological control of bacteremic episodes occurring at every hospital, it is necessary to improve the empirical antibiotherapy
ABSTRACT
The fungal infections are more and more frequent among the patients hospitalized in intensive care services and their diagnosis remained difficult. To return the profile of the fungal flora isolated of withdrawals coming from patients hospitalized in the services of medical and surgical intensive care of the hospital Ibn Sina of Rabat between the years 2001 and 2004. It is a retrospective survey that concerned all cases of mycosis collected in the services concerned by the investigation for every patient included, the following information are noted: sex, service of hospitalization, nature and number of withdrawals results of the direct exam and the culture and finally the identification of the infectious agent. The number of addressed withdrawals to the laboratory by the services of resuscitation tripled between the years 2001 and 2004 and the difference was statistically meaningful [p=0.01]. The observed fungal infections are almost represented by the levuroses [98.6%] and more especially the candidoses [94.3%]. More of the two third [71.8%] some urinary withdrawals were positive, has the inverse of the hemocultures with 4.4% of positivity. The urinary infections were caused mainly by Candida albicans [45.5%], C. tropicalis [15.6%] and C. glabrata [6.5%]. For what is other withdrawals, flora is dominated from afar by C. albicans [84.7%]. The fungal flora isolated by the patients hospitalized in resuscitation is essentially represented by the kind Candida with the three main cash: C. albicans that remains predominant consistent of C. tropicalis and C. glabrata