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@#AIM: To analyze the efficacy and safety of triamcinolone acetonide(TA)combined with macular grid photocoagulation in the treatment of macular edema(ME)secondary to branch retinal vein occlusion(BRVO).<p>METHODS: A total of 147 patients(147 eyes)with ME secondary to BRVO treated in the hospital were enrolled between January 2016 and January 2020. They were randomly divided into observation group(73 eyes)and control group(74 eyes). The observation group was given intravitreal injection of TA and macular grid photocoagulation, while control group was given intravitreal injection of conbercept and macular grid photocoagulation. All were followed up for 6mo. Efficacy and safety indexes between the two groups were compared.<p>RESULTS:After treatment, best corrected visual acuity(BCVA, LogMAR)in both groups was improved. At 1mo after treatment, BCVA in observation group was better than that in control group(0.22±0.15 <i>vs </i>0.27±0.13, <i>P</i><0.05). At 6mo after treatment, BCVA of patients under 50 years in observation group was significantly better than that of patients under 50 years in control group(0.09±0.04 <i>vs </i> 0.14±0.06, <i>P</i><0.05).BCVA was the best in patients with type serous retinal detachment(SRD), followed by type ME and mixed type(<i>P</i><0.05). However, there was no significant difference in BCVA between any two groups in ME classifications(<i>P</i>>0.05). After treatment, central macular thickness(CMT)in both groups was significantly decreased. At 3mo after treatment, CMT in observation group was higher than that in control group(309.76±84.24μm <i>vs </i>258.75±88.76μm, <i>P</i><0.01). At 1wk, 1, 3 and 6mo after treatment, intraocular pressure in observation group was higher than that in control group(<i>P</i><0.01). At 6mo after treatment, blood flow density of superficial capillary plexus(SCP)in both groups was significantly higher than that before treatment(<i>P</i><0.05), but there was no significant change in blood flow density of deep capillary plexus(DCP)or the area of foveal avascular zone(FAZ)(<i>P</i>>0.05). The incidence of increased intraocular pressure was higher in observation group than control group(28.8% <i>vs </i>14.9%), and times of intravitreal injection were fewer than those in control group(1.21±0.74 times <i>vs </i>3.62±2.08 times).<p>CONCLUSION: TA combined with macular grid photocoagulation in the treatment of ME secondary to BRVO can maintain visual acuity at a certain level in the short term. The curative effect is comparable to that of conbercept combined with macular grid photocoagulation in terms of improving visual acuity and CMT. However, there is increased intraocular pressure, and the intraocular pressure monitoring needs to be strengthened.
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Aim: To explore the effects of microRNA- 27a-3p(miR-27a-3p) on collagen type I (Col I) and collagen type III (Col III) synthesis in pulmonary fibroblasts and the underlying mechanisms. Methods: Human pulmonary fibroblasts MRC-5 were cultured and then transfected with miR-27a-3p mimic or its inhibitor. qPCR and Western blot were used to detect miR- 27a-3p levels and nuclear β-catenin content, respectively. The expression of Col I, Col III and Wnt3a was measured using qPCR and Western blot. Bioinformatics predicted the potential of miR-27a-3p bound to Wnt3a 3'-untranslated region (3'-UTR). Dual luciferase reporter gene analyzed the effects of miR-27a-3p mimic transfection on luciferase activity of wild type and mutant Wnt3a 3'-UTR. MRC-5 cells were treated with the Wnt3a/β-catenin signaling pathway inhibitor Dkkl, followed by transfection with miR-27a-3p mimic or its inhibitor. Col I and Col III expression was detected by qPCR and Western blot. Results: miR-27a- 3p mimic markedly increased miR-27a-3p levels and decreased Col I, Col III, Wnt3a and β-catenin expression (P 0. 05), revealing Wnt3a as a target of miR-27a-3p. In addition, Dkkl pretreatment almost fully reversed the inductive effect of miR-27a-3p inhibitor on Col I and Col III expression in MRC-5 cells (P < 0. 05). Conclusions: miR-27a-3p inhibits the biosynthesis of Col I and Col III in pulmonary fibroblasts, which is attributed to inactivated Wnt3a/β-catenin signaling pathway.
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@#AIM: To explore the effects of red light flashing therapeutic instrument combined with distance visual training through reading red visual acuity chart on myopic amblyopia in children.<p>METHODS: Totally 112 cases of children patients with myopic amblyopia treated in our hospital were assigned to the control group and the observation group. The control group was given short covering method and short-range visual function training, and the observation group was given red light flashing therapeutic instrument combined with distance visual training through reading red visual acuity chart on the basis of the above treatment. The clinical efficacy, refractive dynamic changes, the BCVA and amblyopia recurrence rate were compared between the two groups. <p>RESULTS: The total clinical effective rate in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group(<i>P</i><0.05). Before and after treatment, the myopic diopter was no significant difference in the observation group(<i>P</i>>0.05), the control group gradually increased myopic diopter with time(<i>P</i><0.05). The myopic refraction, the change value of average annual refraction and the recurrence rate of amblyopia after 1y of treatment in the observation group was lower than that in the control group(<i>P</i><0.05). The BCVA after 1y of treatment was significantly higher than that after 6mo of treatment(<i>P</i><0.05).<p>CONCLUSION: Red light flashing therapeutic instrument combined with distance visual training through reading red visual acuity chart for children patients with myopic amblyopia can effectively reduce the change value of average annual refraction, correct the best visual acuity, and reduce the risk of amblyopia recurrence.
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Aim To explore the effects of miR-7 on astrocyte activation and the underlying mechanisms. Methods Following isolation and culturing, astro-cytes extracted from rat cortex were treated with culture solution (control group), ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF, an agonist of astrocyte activation), miR-7 mimic+CNTF, miR-7 mimic control+CNTF, miR-7 inhibitor+CNTF and miR-7 inhibitor control+CNTF, respectively. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to detect the mRNA ex-pression of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR). The protein expression of GFAP, EGFR, signal transducers and activators of transcription 3(STAT3) and phosphoryla-ted STAT3 (p-STAT3) was measured using Western blot. Wild type pGL3-EGFR and mutant pGL3-EGFR-m recombinant plasmids were constructed and then co-transfected with miR-7 mimic into HEK293T cells,re-spectively. The luciferase activity of reporter gene was measured. In addition,astrocytes were treated with ei-ther EGFR siRNA or S31-201 (an inhibitor of STAT3),followed by the incubation with miR-7 inhib-itor and CNTF. Both qRT-PCR and Western blot were subsequently used to detect the mRNA and protein lev-els of GFAP. Results The expression levels of GFAP and EGFR as well as p-STAT3/STAT3 ratio in CNTF group were higher than those in control group (P <0.01). When compared with CNTF group,GFAP and EGFR levels and p-STAT3/STAT3 ratio significantly decreased in miR-7 mimic+CNTF group but increased in miR-7 inhibitor+CNTF group(P<0.01). In com-parison with control group, transfection with miR-7 mimic markedly reduced the luciferase activity of wild type EGFR (P <0.01). Moreover, miR-7 inhibitor-induced up-regulation of GFAP expression was almost completely reversed by either EGFR siRNA or S31-201 pretreatment (P<0.01). Conclusion miR-7 antag-onizes the activation of astrocytes from rats by inhibi-ting the EGFR/STAT3 signaling pathway.
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Environmental stress (ES) is commonly used in producing chronic unpredictable mild stress to study pathogenesis of depression, including the regulatory role of circadian system on depression. However, the direct effect of ES on the circadian system has been rarely explored. The present study was aimed to investigate the effect of ES on depression-like behaviors and diurnal rhythm of plasma hormone/peptide levels in male rats. Rats were allocated into control group (CON group), low frequency ES group (LF group) and high frequency ES group (HF group). Sucrose preference test (SPT), open field test (OFT), weight gain, food and water intake were conducted to assess depression- and anxiety-like behaviors. A total of 7 times of the tail venous blood was collected with an interval of 4 h during 24 h from other rats who subjected to the same procedures of ES but not the behavioral tests. The alterations of diurnal rhythm of peripheral plasma corticosterone (CORT) and melatonin, and changes of the cholecystokinin (CCK), neuropeptide Y and leptin levels at zeitgeber time (ZT) 0 were detected by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). We found that ES led to a disturbance of diurnal rhythm of CORT and melatonin in the plasma. Besides, it also increased plasma leptin level and decreased body weight gain, but it did not produce depression- and anxiety-like behaviors compared with those rats in the control group. In short, our findings indicated that the ES could induce a disturbance of diurnal rhythm of plasma CORT and melatonin in male rats.
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Animals , Male , Rats , Anxiety , Behavior, Animal , Circadian Rhythm , Corticosterone , Depression , Depressive Disorder , Leptin , Melatonin , Neuropeptide Y , Stress, PhysiologicalABSTRACT
Abstract?AlM: To observe the clinical efficacy and safety of glaucoma filtration surgery combined with the application of 5 - fluorouracil for clinical treatment to offer the reference.?METHODS:A total of 91 cases of patients with glaucoma treated in our hospital were randomly divided into three groups, 30 cases of group A were given mitomycin in surgery, 31 cases of group B were given 5-fluorouracil, 30 cases of group C were given cyclosporine. They were given 12 -month-follow-up after operation, the operation success rate were recorded, the incidence of 1 -year-adverse reactions, visual acuity, intraocular pressure, low intraocular pressure, shallow anterior chamber, corneal damage index were recorded.?RESULTS: lntraocular pressure ofgroups A, B, C were respectively (20.5±8.6)mmHg,(15.2±5.5)mmHg,(20.0± 8. 1 ) mmHg, by the analysis of variance, group B was significantly lower than other two groups,P<0. 05;patients of groups A, B, C whose visual acuity increased ratios after 1y were respectively 22. 5%, 38. 1%,and 23. 1% , by the Chi. square test, the increased ratio of group B was higher than other two groups , P<0. 05; The operation success rates after 1y of operation of groups A, B, C were respectively 67. 5%,88. 1%,71. 8%,by the Chi square test, the increased ratio of group B was higher than other two groups, P<0. 05;The general incidence of adverse reaction were respectively 22. 5%,9. 5%,20. 5%,by the Chi square test , the increased ratio of group B was lower than other two groups, P<0. 05.?CONCLUSlON:Glaucoma filtration surgery combined with the application of 5-fluorouracil can improve the operation success rate, decrease the occurrence rate of adverse reaction, and safety can be improved.
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Side to side difference in tennis players' mid-radius and cross-sectional study on mid-tibia of jumpers and sedentary controls suggest that the improvement of mechanical properties of cortical bone in response to long-term exercise is related to geometric adaptation and not to volumetric bone mineral density. In the present study, geometric and mechanical properties of right tibia were estimated along 64 directions centering center of gravity of the bone on cross-sectional peripheral quantitative computed tomography (pQCT) images. The tibias of 17 jumpers (7 females, 10 males) and 15 controls (8 females, 7males), aged 18-23, were scanned at mid site using pQCT. Periosteal and endocortical radius were larger, cortical thickness was thicker, and mechanical properties (moment of inertia of area and strength strain index) were greater in jumpers compared to those of controls. The differences in cortical thickness between the two groups were dependent on direction of measurement. Defined a direction from tibia's center of gravity to fibula's as 0°, difference in the cortical thickness between jumpers and controls was the greatest at around 240°. Along this direction, differences in mechanical properties were also the most significant, suggesting that the site-specific adaptation of bone to long-term exercise is due to geographical relation of bone to muscle.